IVolga emfuleni: izitshalo nezilwane komfula, incazelo, ngesimiso semvelo, Ukuvikelwa. Yini kwenzelwa ukuvikela eMfuleni iVolga?

IVolga - olunye lwezimpawu edume kakhulu eRussia, umfula omkhulu kunayo akuyona kuphela kuleli zwe, kodwa yonke le mbulunga. On emfuleni bagxila impilo ingxenye European yezwe, ugesi ekhiqizwa futhi esekhulile imikhiqizo yezolimo kudingeka kulo lonke elaseRussia. Lapha ungakwazi uphumule, inhlanzi futhi siphile ingunaphakade, ujabulela uhlobo omangalisayo.

isikali umxhwele

Ubude lo mfula omkhulu - kuka 3500 amakhilomitha. It feeds amanzi 4 amakhophi ayizigidi ezingu-komuzi, ivinjiwe iziteshi ezine amandla, wangitshela igama layo kulo lonke lelo zwe. Ngo emfuleni omkhulu nemingenela ezingaphezu kuka-200 futhi umcengezi yayo ithatha ingxenye yesithathu endaweni European yeRussia. Kugeleza emahlathini, emathafeni, izintaba-semi ehlane. Kumephu yezwe ibonisa ukuthi Umfula iVolga kugeleza kwezihloko 15 we Federation. Izimila nezilwane lomfula ezihlukahlukene elikhulu: ezimfundeni, kanye isimangaliso sangempela - emasimini-lotus, okuyinto abhekwa Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO. Ngo kwimfunda we iVolga ikhula kuka-500 zezitshalo, okuyinto anikezwa imindeni engaphezu kwezi-82.

Izingxenye ezihlukahlukene emfuleni

Ngenxa ubude omkhulu kanye nendalo ezahlukene izingxenye eziningana kunemibandela luhlukaniswe River iVolga. Izimila nezilwane komfula kukhona ezihlukahlukene.

On the Upper noMfula iVolga, lapho emzini Rzhev, Tver, Rybinsk, Yaroslavl, Kostroma futhi Nizhny Novgorod, 4 eyayenziwe wadala kwesigubhu. Bonke kwamiswa usakhiwa emifula izitshalo amandla: Ivankovo, Uglich, Rybinsk futhi Gorky kwesigubhu.

phakathi iVolga

Kule ngxenye umfula Onqobayo yonke iVolga izinkalo. Lapha, kulo ukuwa 4 emifuleni, enkulu kunazo zonke zazo Oka. It yakha ezinkulu kwesigubhu Cheboksary GES. On insimu sentaba ugijima iVolga-Don nakangaka, enye ingxenye okuyinto eMfuleni iVolga. Izimila nezilwane lomfula yakha landscape asemaqeleni zalezi zindawo. Kuyinto olwenzeka endaweni ye Ibhere elinsundu, izingwejeje kanye Martens, lynx ezivamile futhi polecat ehlathini. Abazingeli ngifuna lapha grouse futhi capercaillie. amahlathi Local zifane ehlathini, ungabona anamandla izihlahla zikaphayini abayenzayo.

aphansi iVolga

Esikhathini sifinyelela engezansi iVolga agelezela Kama, nomfula kuba acebile kakhulu. Zhigulevsk emifula obulandela Kuibyshev kwesigubhu, eminye phansi emfuleni, ungabona Volgograd.

Ngezansi Astrakhan iqala endaweni eyehlukile - semifula lapho esiqiwini, okuyinto idume emfuleni iVolga. Izimila nezilwane kukhona umfula kule ndawo ngaphansi kwesivikelo. eziningi zokudoba izisekelo unyaka wonke ukudoba itholakala lapha. Lapha, hhayi kuphela ukubamba Sturgeon zibabaza-lotus ukuqhakaza, kodwa futhi ukuba bagcine endaweni yazo yemvelo ka Umkhomo, Cranes eSiberia futhi Flamingo.

Amanzi umbuso

River ithola amanzi endaweni ethile cishe kwesigamu sesigidi amakhilomitha. IVolga emfuleni imodi kuncike yebo phezu kwesimo sezulu. Ziyamthinta neqhwa encibilika ukuna. ububanzi emfuleni kwezinye izindawo kuze kube 2500 amamitha. Ukujula izindawo ezincane awehleli ngezansi 2.5 m. Nasi incazelo River iVolga. Kodwa abanjalo-ke kwakungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi: ukwakha amadamu ukuthi ekulawuleni amazinga amanzi emadwaleni kungaba ngamasentimitha angu-30.

Ice isethwe ekupheleni kuka-November - ekuqaleni kuka Disemba, a iVolga emfuleni umbuso. Ekuqaleni lokuhamba ekuqaleni Apreli nokuvulwa ice Astrakhan - Mashi. ukugeleza epholile futhi abushelelezi emfuleni kuziwa yoLwandle iCaspian.

sici

Ngo uhlobo simo emifuleni omude kunayo yonke emhlabeni iVolga ithatha 16 endaweni th, kodwa e-Europe ke ayinakuqhathaniswa. Through the iVolga-Don Canal ke uxhuma oLwandle Olumnyama nge oLwandle Azov, futhi khona oLwandle iBaltic nge indlela efanayo. Sea White, Severodvinsk ixhunyiwe ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi emfuleni.

Slope mfula incane - amamitha 256 kuphela kulo lonke uGu. Isici esiyinhloko yemifula (iVolga) e flow yayo Isivinini yamanzi mncane 1 imitha ngomzuzwana. Per ihora ezindaweni ezahlukene emfuleni Onqobayo kusuka 2 kuya ku-6 amakhilomitha. Lezi zici avumela ukuba uchume zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane.

Inkomba "induduzo" lomfula phakathi kwezidalwa eziphilayo - eyikati. Isisindo kokujwayelekile izinhlanzi - kuze kufinyelele 400 kg (kwezinye izimo), kodwa kukhona ompetha, nesisindo esingamathani eziyisithupha.

River iVolga: umthombo nomlomo

Umfula ngokubabazekayo iqala nge emfudlaneni eduze nedolobhana nesikhulumi ngokuthi eVolga-Upper. Emzaneni isendaweni the Valdai Hills, kwakuye kwancipha dogging yesonto lokhuni.

Ngokusho emfuleni Central Russian upland zihambe ngokushelela, waphendukela eningizimu kwenza eduze Urals. Khona-ke ithunyelwa iCaspian emathafeni futhi ukunika amanzi alo ulwandle eponymous. I noMfula iVolga - umfula emaphakathi yezwe.

It has emifuleni ezingaphezu kuka-150 eziyinkulungwane nemihosha emfuleni iVolga. Umthombo kanye esizalweni somfula - lawa impahla bangempela sika, okuyinto ukondla amadolobha umswakama kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. On amanzi iVolga lukhula konke okuphakelayo abantu kuyo yonke i-Russia.

inhlanzi ezinjalo ezahlukene

Lokhu kungaba ukubhala lonke senkondlo, okuyikhona abawongoti. Ezinye zezinhlanzi eziphila lapha unomphela, kuyilapho abanye zivela yoLwandle iCaspian. Perch, bream, carp, chub, ruffe futhi bream okwesibhakabhaka, iso elimhlophe futhi roach, chub, perch futhi Grayling - abakhileyo unomphela emfuleni. Kusuka lapha wavakashelwa Sturgeon iCaspian kanye Sturgeon emhlophe, ama-salmon ezimhlophe herring.

Ukwehlukahluka kwezimangaliso izinhlanzi emhlabeni unikina. Izinhlanzi ezincane kunazo ukuthi uhlala lapha has a ubude 2,5. Lokhu pugolovka luyimbudumbudu Yini ikakhulukazi ichthyologists ezaziwayo. Kodwa ku Beluga, ezikhulayo kuze ubude 4 amamitha, bayazi konke. Mayelana luhlobo luni lwenhlanzi butholakala River iVolga, izincwadi ezibhaliwe eziningi namabhukwana.

Ngo amatheku, imila izitshalo, lapho ethule iningi kulo, azizwa carp ezinhle. Astrakhan inhlanzi bukhoma obomvu, bakhazimulisa eRussia umhlaba wonke. Lokhu Sturgeon futhi stellate Sturgeon, ameva Sturgeon abadumile. IVolga inhlanzi no esibukweni carp - ukuzijabulisa kangcono bendawo nezivakashi. Ngoba bonke labo abafisa ukusebenza lezisekelo eziningi zokudoba, lapho ungakwazi empeleni ubone ukuthi inhlanzi butholakala iVolga.

izinkinga zemvelo

Ebusweni, okuyinto iqoqa imvula iVolga ithatha 8% wendawo ingxenye European yeRussia. Izibalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi soMfula iVolga ubizwa ngowokuqala emifula top ten bangcolile. Empeleni, wonke ukuphila kulezi zindawo elihlobene ne-iVolga, futhi bathuthelekela lapha zonke imfucuza. Uma inani ezimbonini ekwazile usike, imfucuza angahlelekile - lohlupho emfuleni. Lokhu ngokweqile kukamanyolo wamakhemikhali nezibulala nezinye izinto nolaka uqedwe imvula.

Yini kwenzelwa ukuvikela eMfuleni iVolga?

Wonke umuntu owazi izinkinga emfuleni, kusho izakhamuzi ngazwi linye bathi umonakalo enkulu ukuba zonke izinto eziphilayo ugesi ophephela. Ziyakwazi notshwala bagan 'unwabu ingcindezi amathonsi, yingozi zonke izinto eziphilayo. Dying plankton, tadpoles nakho konke okunye kunomfula uyaphila.

By the way, lesi simo esivamile hhayi kuphela iVolga. Lokhu kuyinkinga yembulunga yonke ezithinta yonke imifula emikhulu emazweni athuthukile. Udaba zokuziphilisa izindwani ophephela anakekele Izazi futhi onjiniyela emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu mass lunikezelwe izingqungquthela symposia.

Akunjalo kudala, ososayensi kusukela Petersburg bezazisa indlela ezintsha futhi elula ukulondoloza izidalwa eziphilayo e izindwani ophephela. Abacwaningi baye baveza ukuthi ujova kwengcindezi ethile futhi ngesikhathi emakamu oyifunayo abavamile air Bubbles. Balloons ukuncela ingcindezi ngokweqile, centrifugal namabutho centripetal. Zonke izidalwa ezincane kokudabula elinganiselayo amanzi emoyeni ingxube, bunjalo.

Indlela yasungulwa, le-patent, ubuchwepheshe kucacile. Kodwa ngendlela ukuqaliswa odongeni esingangeneki wema izikhulu ukuba banqobe isenzo sabo akunakwenzeka okwamanje. Kwethenjwa ukuthi ingqondo kanye nesifiso sokuphila emfuleni usaphila uwine.

amabhishi amahle

Amabhange we iVolga ephefumulelwe abaculi kanye izimbongi kuwo wonke umlando. Njengoba yabhalwa futhi ebhaliwe eziningi Folk songs netinkondlo komfula omkhulu. I ezibabazekayo kwaseStalingrad kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa le iVolga. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, wonke umuntu Russian uyazi ukuthi iVolga umhlaba kithi lapho. Izingoma, amabhayisikobho nemibukiso, izincwadi - konke lokhu awunika igama Russian River. Okubekiwe futhi izindawo zokungcebeleka, emadolobheni, emaphandleni nemizana - konke lokhu futhi iVolga.

Esikhathini imisebenzi yobuciko ke kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa umlingisi Russian. Umphefumulo womuntu emfuleni, futhi ufana nomuntu: nokuphana, nomusa.

Namuhla loMfula iVolga ngenkuthalo isakhiwa: eyakhelwe cottage madolobhana sihambisa yesimanjemanje, ngombono omkhulu emfuleni.