Uhlanga - a ... Izinhlobo nezimpawu kwamaqembu ezinhlanga

Bonke abahlali kuyiplanethi yethu enkulu ezahlukene kakhulu: isibonelo, Mountaineers kukhona into enjalo abantu bakulezi ziqhingi. Ngisho ngaphakathi ezweni elifanayo noma isizwe angaba khona ehlukile kwamaqembu ezinhlanga kuhluke elingakholelwa kuyo emiphakathini yakubo nasesikweni lamaJuda. Empeleni, iqembu yobuhlanga - iyingxenye uhlanga, kunokuthile ofana, eyasungulwa ensimini ethile ngokomlando. Ake sihlole kabanzi lolu daba.

Umlando kanye umsuka wenkulumo ethi

Kuze kube manje, i-uhlanga - kuba isihloko esibalulekile lokucwaninga wesayensi ezifana umlando, amazwe, labantu, isiko. odokotela bengqondo Social ukufunda udaba enombono ekuvimbeleni futhi ekuxazululeni ahlukahlukene nemibango engokohlanga osekuthathe. Uyini umsuka wenkulumo ethi?

etymology okuthakazelisa kakhulu igama elithi "uhlanga". Nge ngolimi lwesiGreki angahunyushwa ngokuthi "hhayi ngesiGreki." Okungukuthi, eqinisweni, "uhlanga" - umfokazi, nabantu bakwamanye amazwe. AmaGreki asendulo wasebenzisa igama elibhekisela kuso ezizwe ezihlukahlukene akusuki ngesiGreki. Kodwa babezibiza kanjalo le Ngamanye amazwi, akukho ngaphansi abadumile - "demo", okusho ukuthi "abantu". Kamuva, leli gama liye bafudukela ngolimi lwesiLatini, lapho kwakukhona Isiphawulo "yobuhlanga". NgeNkathi Ephakathi lalisetshenziswa elibonakalayo ngomqondo ongokomoya, lapho bekhuluma amazwi "abangewona amaKristu", "amaqaba '.

Namuhla, "uhlanga" kwaba luyingxenye eside ngokwesayensi ukuthi libhekisela zonke izinhlobo amaqembu ezinhlanga. Isayensi okhuluma ekutadisheni kwabo libizwa ethnography.

uhlanga - kungcono ...

Lisho ukuthini igama elithi kwaleli gama? Futhi ziyini izici zalo futhi timphawu letehlukene?

uhlanga - umphakathi ozinzile zabantu, eyasungulwa endaweni ethile futhi has izici zayo siqu ehlukile. Indlela iqembu elinjalo Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi.

Ngo isayensi, le nkulumo ngokuvamile kakhulu ukubizwa ngayo amazwi anjengokuthi "uhlanga", "ungubani yobuhlanga", "isizwe". Kodwa emkhakheni wezomthetho futhi engekho ngokuphelele - lapho ngokuvamile indawo yimigomo "nezizwe" futhi "esizweni esincane kazwelonke". Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela izincazelo ecacile imiqondo le kuyinselele enkulu ngokwesayensi. Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngamunye wabo lifihle into ethize, ukuze bakwazi ukukhonjwa. Ngo incazelo umqondo wegama elithi "uhlanga" Abacwaningi baseSoviet abaphenya ngokuvamile izigaba ezihlukunyeziwe kwabantu futhi Western - kwengqondo.

ososayensi Western ziye zakhomba izici ezimbili ezibalulekile kakhulu kwamaqembu ezinhlanga:

• Okokuqala, abanayo isimo zabo;
• Okwesibili, umlando walo, kwamaqembu ezinhlanga abazona izikhonzi zomlando asebenzayo futhi ezibalulekile.

Ukwakheka kwamaqembu ezinhlanga

Zonke izizwe ezikhona cishe isakhiwo esifanayo, okuyinto inezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Umnyombo iqembu yobuhlanga, esibonakala by eziphilayo compact endaweni ethile.
2. Izixhumi - kuyingxenye iqembu okungukuthi ngokwendawo esihlukene core.
3. Diaspora - lena ingxenye labantu ukuthi ngokwendawo bahlakazeka, kuhlanganise, kungathatha kwezinye imiphakathi yobuhlanga.

Izibonakaliso eyinhloko imiphakathi yobuhlanga

Kukhona izizathu eziningana lapho umuntu othize akunakubangelwa besizwe esithile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kulezi zici ukwenza amalungu omphakathi bazibheke nakakhulu, kukhona isisekelo ukuthi bangobani.

Nazi izici eziyinhloko kwamaqembu ezinhlanga:

• ezihlobene ngegazi ngokungashadi nangomshado (lesi sici kakade kubhekwe kancane yisikhathi);
• umlando jikelele ngemvelaphi nokuthuthuka;
• isisekelo indawo, okusho ukuthi, sesibopho ukuthobisa endaweni ethize, insimu;
• nolimi olulodwa olwaziwayo;
• izici zayo kwamasiko nendlela.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu kwamaqembu ezinhlanga

Kuze kube manje, kukhona ngeengaba eziningana kwamaqembu ezinhlanga emiphakathini yobuhlanga: womhlaba, ngokolimi, anthropological, kwezamasiko nakwezomnotho.

Ngu kwamaqembu ezinhlanga zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo izinhlobo (amazinga):

• Rod - Ayive imnandi umphakathi osondelene lezihlobo igazi.
• Tribe - a izizukulwane ambalwa oxhumene by amasiko ezivamile, inkolo, hlelo noma ulimi lwesigodi olulodwa.
• Ubuzwe - iqembu elikhethekile yobuhlanga, eyasungulwa ngokomlando futhi bahlanganiswe ngolimi olulodwa, isiko, ukholo insimu ezivamile.
• Nation - oluphakeme kakhulu omphakathi yobuhlanga, esibonakala by ezivamile endaweni, ulimi, isiko kanye nokuthuthukisa ubudlelwane bezomnotho.

ungubani yobuhlanga

Isikhombisi esibalulekile ezingeni kumiswa kwamaqembu ezinhlanga nomphakathi, ikakhulukazi isizwe, ubuwena yobuhlanga. Leli gama lihlanganisa inkulumo elinye lamaqembu main kwengqondo sisuke sicabanga.

ungubani Ethnic - umuzwa kwakuzoba umuntu oyedwa eqenjini elithile yobuzwe, uhlanga, isizwe. Kulokhu, umuntu kumelwe siqaphele ubunye yakhe nalo mphakathi futhi siqonde umahluko qualitative kusuka kwamanye ezehlukene kanye namaqembu.

Ukuze ukwakheka ukwazi yobuhlanga kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda izenzo komlando wabantu bakhe futhi izici zamasiko, temdzabu kanye namasiko ukuthi isuka ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, lwati loluphelele ngolimi lwabo futhi izincwadi.

Ekuphetheni ...

Ngakho, yobuhlanga namaqembu omphakathi - sekuyinto buyinto ezithakazelisayo futhi ehlukene ucwaningo sikhungo. Ngokutadisha commonality ngabanye, asigcinanga ufunde mayelana nezici zabo kwamasiko noma zomlando, kodwa futhi ukuba sihlakulele ukubekezelelana, ukubekezelelana nokuhlonipha nezinye ezehlukene namasiko. Ekugcineni, ukuqonda nokuhlonipha izimfanelo namanye amaqembu abantu bendabuko kuholela ekuncipheni abalulekile nemibango yezizwe kuye, izingxabano nezimpi.