Agnosia - a ... agnosia ezibukwayo

Esihlokweni lanamuhla sizoxoxa enjalo buyinto ezingemnandi njengoba agnosia. Lesi simo libhekene yokuthi ekuthuthukisweni yayo ngaphansi kwesimo umonakalo cortex cerebral kumuntu i- ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo okuqonda. Njengomthetho, agnosia - a zokugula evele ngemuva izifo esingamahlalakhona (izinkinga nge kwegazi ebuchosheni, ubuthi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubangela umonakalo ukwahlukana yesibili cortex cerebral ukuthi yakhiwa cortical ezingeni analyzer uhlelo.

izimbangela

Njengoba sekushiwo, agnosia kuthinta parietal futhi occipital Lobe we alingana nekhanda lomuntu. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yalezi zizathu:

• izinkinga olunamandla nge kwegazi ebuchosheni (stroke).
• Lapho izimila.
• Ngenxa ukuhlukumezeka craniocerebral ukuthi kungavela ngenxa izimbangela ezimbalwa (izingozi, liphuma ukuphakama enkulu, unhlangothi).
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwegazi ukugeleza ebuchosheni, elibuye kuholela komqondo, okungase ukuzibonakalisa njengoba tearfulness futhi kubangele ubunzima obuthile phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono entsha, ukunyakaza ahlukene nasezimweni yasekhaya futhi nomthelela ukwehluleka kwimemori.
• Ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchopho ukuvuvukala (encephalitis).
• Ngenxa Parkinson, esibonakala by ukubukeka lesichubekako kwemisipha ukuqina, liqhaqhazela, neziyaluyalu neuropsychological.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi agnosia - into ukuthi kwenzeka ngokuzumayo. Ngakho-ke kufanele kube okungenani sikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi isimo sakhe sempilo ngokushesha ibhekane nokuhlolwa odokotela njalo.

symptomatology

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ubunzima elihlobene ne-orientation sezwe.
• Ukuphikisa ukuba khona izifo noma ukukhubazeka ezihambisana ehlome Ukuwohloka umbono, ukubukeka ubuthakathaka ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, naphezu ukubonakaliswa azo abukhali.
• Ukunganakwa yokubakhona at ukukhubazeka ahlukahlukene eshiwo ngenhla.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-definition lezinto ethintekayo kanye ukuthungwa yabo.
• Ukungasebenzi elihlobene ne imisindo ethile. Njengomthetho, isimo esinjalo ubhekwa njengesilwane esisengcupheni agnosia womuntu sokuzwa, lapho isiguli singenakukwazi ngokucacile kuphela ichaze uhlobo umsindo, kodwa futhi ukuze ubonise indawo lapho kuzwakala.
• Izinkinga bezibona emzimbeni.
• Ukungakwazi aqaphele izithombe eyinkimbinkimbi ezibukwayo. Nakuba umuntu agcinwayo amandla wokuthwebula ezinye izakhi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akakwazi liwubophe ndawonye. Ngokwesibonelo, ebuka etafuleni zemikhosi, angakwazi ukubona izibuko, izimbiza, amapuleti ukudla, kodwa isizathu nokuhlanzeka kwangaphandle nokuziphatha kwabo futhi ngeke kuhlale kuyimfihlakalo kuye. isimo esinjalo ubhekwa njengesilwane esisengcupheni agnosia ezibukwayo.
• Ikhumbula kuphela isikhala ebonakalayo. Isibonelo lapha kungaba isimo lapho isiguli ngesikhathi idili udla ukudla kuphela kusukela ngasohlangothini lwesokunene amapuleti, noma ngokuvula umnyango, walimaza kwesokunxele sakhe ehlombe doorframe, ngakho kababoni ukuphazamiseka ngakwesokunxele.

Nasi agnosia: Izinhlobo

Njenganoma iyiphi zokugula kusukela agnosia Ubuye izici zayo siqu flow, kulokho unganikezela uhlelo ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Yingakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa udinga ukwazi ukuthi yini esingadala ukwephulwa, kodwa futhi izici zayo ezikhethekile.

Kuze kube manje, ukukhomba izinhlobo eziningana kulesi simo:

1. agnosia Okuthintekayo.
2. Visual.
3. Tintfo.

zokubona

Njengomthetho, lolu hlobo kuzibonakalisa kwenzeka kwephulwa emnyangweni yesibili cortex occipital. It ungaboniswa kanje:

• In the ukungabikho ukuqashelwa lezinto ezazaziwa, ubizwa ngokuthi agnosia into. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu ekuthola kunzima ukuphendula umbuzo "kuyini lokhu?" lapho ebuka ifoni noma incwadi. Kodwa uma umtshela ukuthi le nto ibizwa ngokuthi, lapho ungasho ukuthi wayesho ukuthini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, into agnosia ungaba degrees eziningana kobukhulu - esiphezulu (izinkinga nge ukuqashelwa tintfo mbamba) esiphansi (nezinkinga ukuhlonza yesithombe onqenqemeni).
• Agnosia ubuso abonisa esephule ukuqashelwa izihlobo noma abangane. Kodwa lapho isiguli ngaphandle nzima kakhulu kungenziwa esibekiwe njengoba yobudala kanye ocansini komuntu.
• agnosia Color, okuyinto kuboniswa iqiniso lokuthi isiguli singenakukwazi sisho umbala ebona ngalesi sikhathi phambi kwakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ucela isiguli ukubheka leaf oluhlaza emthini bese uyatjho kobana umbala, asikwazi ulinde impendulo. Kodwa uma ukubuza ke kufanele kube ukuthi, umuntu ngaphandle kwezinkinga sizophendula lo mbuzo.
• Kanyekanye, noma, njengoba zibizwa kanjalo, agnosia simultagnozivnoy, okuyinto libhekene kuliphazamise ukuqashelwa umfanekiso kunalokho okuyinkimbinkimbi ezikubonayo, futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kakhulu ikhono ukuhlonza izakhi ngabanye ahlale zisesimweni esihle.

Futhi, agnosia ezibukwayo njalo kubonakala esimweni lapho umuntu efunda incwadi, kodwa naphezu konke ukufuna kwakhe, ngeke bakhumbule ezinye zezincwadi noma izwi ehlukile. Lokhu kuholela nobunzima ethile ekufundeni, kodwa neze kuthinta incwadi, kusukela isicelo nokuzala bahlulekile kuye incwadi ephepheni noma uthayiphe phezu ikhibhodi ngaphandle kwezinkinga isiguli lisebenza kanjani.

sokuzwa

Ngokuvamile, i-agnosia sokuzwa livela izilonda Amasimu cortical we Lobe yesikhashana. Ngakho, uma elimele Nenkabazwe Lobe yesikhashana, elise kwesokunxele, kulesi simo ungaboniswa ngesimo iziyaluyalu ukuzwa lwemisindvo (bokuhlukanisa imisindo yenkulumo, okungase kuholele inkulumo iziyaluyalu). Ngesikhathi isabelo efanayo Nenkabazwe ezilimele, okuyinto ngakwesokudla, isiguli womuntu walahlekelwa ikhono lokuhlukanisa ngaphambilini ajwayelekile imisindo zomculo.

ethintekayo

agnosia Okuthintekayo eba alimele cortical yesibili emkhakheni parietal noma nenkabazwe, elise ohlangothini lwesokudla. Sici Its ehlukile inkinga nge ukuhlonza lezinto ngokuthinta, noma iziyaluyalu elihlobene ne ukuqashelwa yabo izitho zomzimba. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, lolu hlobo zingahlukaniswa zibe 2 izigaba. Eyokuqala akunakubangelwa konke lihlotshaniswa receptor cutaneous, kanti eyesibili - kwemisipha futhi ngokuhlanganyela.

ukuhlola

Ukuthola ngumngane wakhe noma umuntu esimthandayo baye nezimpawu ezifanayo, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukuqagela, agnosia noma cha, kungcono ukuqhuba izinyathelo ethile yokuhlonza isifo. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuhlola okwenziwa - lena kuphela ingxenye indaba. Ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuba ubheke umuntu abanamakhono sizohlaziya izikhalazo lesiguli, umlando sifo ngeke acabangele (isifo kadokotela, izimpawu, izimbangela povlokshie ngoba kwesehlakalo isimo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ijubane ukuqhubeka egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngemva kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa imisebenzi yengqondo kanye ukucinga ezinye kungenzeka iziyaluyalu zezinzwa. Isidingo sabo lihlotshaniswa yokuthi agnosia - isimo ukuthi ngokuyinhloko ephathelene ne- disorder bezibona. Uma kudingeka, kungase angabelwa amavesi athile ukuba nengxoxo yokufuna umsebenzi nge oyisazi sezinzwa zengqondo, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho cishe udinga ukwenza izinqubo eziningana (ugcwalise ifomu, phendula imibuzo eminingi).

Akufanele ngakususi ukubaluleka kwalezi izinhlobo izifundo, njengoba i-MRI nakuma-CT scan, okuyinto hhayi kuphela kungasiza ekuhloleni isakhiwo egqinsiwe zobuchopho, kodwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela okungenzeka agnosia.

ukwelashwa

Njengomthetho, emva kokwelashwa iqalisiwe, agnosia ingahluka kancane ukunciphisa imiphumela yezimpawu zayo. Kodwa kwaze kwaba kuphela ngemva ukuqedwa isifo ecashile ungakwazi ukukhuluma ngobuqotho nangokuzikhandla yokwelapha jikelele.

Self ukuphulukiswa nqubo ingase iqukathe ekubhubhiseni izimila ebuchosheni, kokulawulwa blood pressure, imihlangano nge wezengqondo nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa umsebenzi neuropsychiatric.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu - hhayi kumina, kanjani abantu abaningi. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ngesikhathi esingafanele Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla kwenziwa futhi, ngenxa yokwelashwa ngasekupheleni kuqalile ayisakwazi at 100% balahle zokubonisa lokhu egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. izibalo sekukonke abonisa ukuthi uma ukwelashwa isikhathi iqalisiwe, agnosia ingashabalala cishe ngokuphelele.

zokuvimbela

Kuze kube manje, izinyathelo eziqondile zokuvimbela okungasenza singakujabuleli ukuthuthukiswa agnosia, alikho. kungenziwa behlukene izincomo jikelele:

• Ukunqatshwa utshwala nokubhema.
• Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo.
• ukulawula njalo wegazi.
• ukufinyelela esifike udokotela izimpawu kancane kulesi simo.