Isitayela sokuxoxa: izici zayo eziyinhloko

Isitayela sokuxoxa isitayela senkulumo ekhonza ukuxhumana ngokuqondile phakathi kwabantu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukukhulumisana (ukwaziswa kolwazi). Isitayela sokuxoxisana asikhulumi nje kuphela enkulumweni yomlomo, kodwa nangendlela ebhaliwe - ngendlela yezinhlamvu, amanothi. Kodwa ikakhulukazi lesi sitayela sisetshenziselwa inkulumo yomlomo - izingxoxo, ama-polylogs.

Kubonakala ngokukhululeka nokukhuluma okungakulungele (ukungabikho kokucatshangelwa komusho ngaphambi kokukhuluma nokukhethwa kokuqala kwezinto ezidingekayo zolimi), okungafanelekile, ukuxhumana okuqondile, ukudluliselwa okuphoqelekile kwesimo sengqondo somlobi kumxhumanisi noma inkulumo yokukhuluma, imizamo yokusindisa inkulumo (" Sanych ", njll). Indima enkulu kwisitayela sokuxoxa idlala ngumongo wesimo esithile nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezingezona izisho (ukusabela kwe-interlocutor, ukuzithokozisa, izinkulumo zobuso).

Izici ze-Lexical zesitayela sengxoxo

Ukuhluka kolimi kolwimi olukhulunywe kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezincazelo ezingezona (i-accent, intonation, ijubane lokukhuluma, isigqi, ikhefu, njll). Izici zelulwimi zesitayela sokuhlangana zihlanganisa nokusetshenziswa okuvamile kwamazwi okuhlangana, ama-vernacular nama-slang (isibonelo, "ukuqala" (qala), "manje" (manje), njll), amagama ngokusho okufanekayo (isibonelo, "iwindi" - Okusho "ukuphuka"). Isitayela sokukhulumisana sombhalo uhlukile kulokho okushiwo amagama akusho nje izinto, izibonakaliso zabo, izenzo, kodwa futhi zibazisa: "dodger", "umuntu omuhle", "ongenalutho", "ohlakaniphile", "prigolubit", "ujabule" ".

Isitayela sokuxoxisana sibonakala nokusetshenziswa kwamagama ngokukhulisa noma ekunciphiseni izifo zokucindezeleka ("isipuni", "incwadi encane", "isinkwa", "i-seagull", "inhle", "inkulu", "ebomvu"), ukuguqula amagama (" "," Yaxoshwa yonke indlela "). Ngokuvamile inkulumo ihlanganisa izinhlayiya, amagama angeniso, ukungahambisani, amakheli ("Masha, hamba isinkwa!", "Oh, Nkulunkulu wami, wena owafika kithi!").

Isitayela sokuxoxa: izici ze-syntax

I-syntax yalesi sitayela ibonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwemisho elula (ngokuvamile ehlanganiswa futhi engeyona inhlanganiso), imisho engaphelele (inkhulumomphendvulwano), ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwemisho yokumangalisa nokubuzwa, ukungabikho kokuphendulela okubambe iqhaza nokukhangisa emisho, ukusetshenziswa kwamagama okuhumusha (okungalungile, okuqinisekisayo, .). Lesi sitayela sibonakala ngamakhefu enkulumweni, engabangelwa izizathu ezahlukene (injabulo yesiphakamiso, ukusesha igama elifunayo, ukuphuma okungalindelekile kusuka komunye umcabango kuya kwesinye).

Ukusetshenziswa kwemiklamo eyengeziwe ephula umusho oyinhloko futhi uqalise ulwazi oluthile kulo, ukucaciswa, ukuphawula, ukulungiswa, izincazelo futhi uhlukanisa isitayela sokuxoxa.

Enkulumweni yokuhlangana, izigwebo eziyinkimbinkimbi zingase zenzeke lapho izingxenye zixhunyaniswa ndawonye ngamayunithi e-lexico-syntactic: ingxenye yokuqala iqukethe amagama okuhlola ("ohlakaniphile", "owenziwe kahle," "isiwula", njll), kanti ingxenye yesibili iqinisekisa lokhu Ukuhlola, isibonelo: "Kuhle, lokho kusize!" Noma "uFool Mishka, ukuthi ulalele!"