Isifunda sezomnotho sase-Ural yisakhiwo seRussia

Isifunda sezomnotho sase-Urals sinendawo yezinhlangano eziyisikhombisa eziseBrazil Federation: Udmurtia neBashkortostan, Perm, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Sverdlovsk nase-Orenburg. Imingcele yendawo yahlanganisa indawo yamakhilomitha angu-824 ayizinkulungwane. Isikhungo salesi sifunda, esinye sezifunda eziyi-11 zomnotho waseRussia, siseYekaterinburg.

Indawo, itholakala e-Middle and Southern Urals, inqobe ingxenye yeNyakatho, kanye nenxenye yamathafa eduze kwe-Urals: kusukela entshonalanga - i-East Europe, ukusuka empumalanga - eNtshonalanga yeSiberia. Imithombo yamandla engenzeka yamifula ingama-3.3 million kW. Amakhemikhali e -Kama neVotkinsk aseMfuleni Kama . Cishe ingxenye yengxenye yesifunda ihlanganiswe nehlathi le-taiga elinamakhilogremu ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-3.5 zamapulangwe. Ingxenyeni yaseningizimu ibanjwe ama-steppes, atshalwa ezindaweni eziningi. Isimo sezulu sisuka e-Continental kuya e-Continental. Isibalo sabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-20 (ngobuningi bama-23 abantu ngekhilomitha lesikwele). Inani labantu basezindaweni zasemadolobheni lithinta kakhulu emaphandleni, kungu-2/3.

Izinkomba zomkhakha wezomnotho

Isifunda sezomnotho sase-Urals sinamaminerali, lokhu kubangele ukuhlukahluka nokuyinkimbinkimbi kwesakhiwo sezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu embonini enzima kakhulu ebaluleke kakhulu. Amagatsha amakhulu embonini esindayo yilezi ezilandelayo: i- metallurgy (omnyama nombala), ubunjiniyela (ezokuthutha, amandla, ezolimo), amahlathi, amaminerali kanye namakhemikhali, i-petrochemical kanye namakhemikhali. Imayini, i-oli (Prikamye) negesi (i-Orenburg) ifakwe ngempumelelo. Amafutha okucwenga amafutha ase-Ufa, Perm, Orsk, Krasnokamsk, ukusetshenzwa kwegesi - e-Orenburg. Amalahle abuye agciniwe, kodwa ukufunwa okuyinhloko kuhlanganiswa amalahle angenisiwe (avela kuZazbass, eKaraganda).

Isifunda sezomnotho sase-Urals sinikezwa ngogesi lwawo siqu esakhiwe amandla okugesi amakhulu: i-NPP eyodwa (Beloyarskaya), ama-HPP amabili (Kamskaya noVotkinskaya) nama-CHPP ayisishiyagalolunye nama-GRES.

Indima ehamba phambili embonini enzima inikezwa i-metallurgy eyakhiwe futhi ithuthuka endaweni yasendaweni yokusetshenziswa eluhlaza. Amabhizinisi amakhulu yizimboni zeChelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Nizhny Tagil. Kulezi zindawo kanye nezinye izinkampani ze-metallurgy metal rolling, ekudingeni ubunjiniyela nokwakhiwa kulungiswa. Isifunda sase-Urals sisebenzela amabhizinisi angenasibindi.

Isifunda sezomnotho sase-Ural yisifunda esihamba phambili saseRussia sokusebenza okunzima (i-Uralmash, i-Yuzhuralmash), ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali (isitshalo seGlazovsky, u-Uralkhimmash). Emabhizinisini "Uralelectrotyazhmash" ukukhiqiza imishini yemboni kagesi nemishini yamandla. Ubunjiniyela bokuthutha kusebenza ekukhiqizeni izimoto ezithwala izimoto, izimoto nezithuthuthu, amathrekhi nama-trailers, imishini ehlukahlukene yezolimo. Ukwakhiwa kwamathuluzi okwakhiwa kwemishini, imishini kagesi, izamukeli zomsakazo, amafriji akhiqizwa.

Imbonini yamakhemikhali ye-Urals iboniswa ukukhiqizwa kwamaminerali e-potassium, ama-phosphoric, ama-nitrogenous amaminerali, i-soda, isulfure, i-hydrochloric acid, i-salts ehlukahlukene, i-chlorine. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-plastiki, ama-resins kanye no-alcohols, ama-varnishes nama-paint, amafayili okufakelwa asetshenzisiwe. I-asbestos ne-magnesite zicutshungulwa.

Emakhanini, ukukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi zokwakha (amakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yokukhonkolo eqinisiwe, izakhiwo ezikhethiwe) kusungulwa. I-Woodworking iboniswa ukukhiqizwa kwephepha, izingodo kanye neplywood. Imbonini ekhanyayo ikhiqiza izindwangu zelineni nezenziwe zokwenziwa, imikhiqizo yesikhumba nezicathulo, nezingubo. Imbonini yokudla ibhekene nokucubungula ubisi nenyama, amabhizinisi okushisa amafutha asebenzayo.

Ukulima kwe-Ural kukhula ekuqondeni okusanhlamvu okukhulayo (ukolweni, rye, oats, ibhali) kanye nemfuyo (izinkomo, izimvu, imbuzi, ingulube) ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kwabantu bemizi yezimboni. Emapulazini ase-suburban state, amazambane kanye nemifino nazo ziyakhula. Kusukela kuzilimo zobuchwepheshe , i-flax ne-sunflower ziyanda. Kukhona nezinkukhu zezinkukhu - abahlinzeki bezinkukhu namaqanda.

Isifunda sezomnotho sase-Urals sinqunywa kanye naphakathi kwenethiwekhi yokuthutha. Lezi imigwaqo yesitimela (ikakhulukazi igesi), amapayipi amafutha kanye negesi, ukuthuthwa kwamanzi kanye nemigwaqo.