Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe: izinkomba ezinkulu ze-macroeconomic

Umnotho waseFrance ungowesishiyagalombili phakathi kwamazwe omhlaba ngokusho komkhiqizo owodwa obizwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo kanye neyesishiyagalolunye, uma ubhekwa njengombuso wokuthenga amandla. EYurophu, isendaweni yesithathu. Uma sicabanga ngokuthumela kweFrance futhi sithunyelwa kancane, ibhalansi yokuhweba yi-1.17 trillion US dollars. Ibhalansi ayibi. I-France ithunyelwa futhi ithunyelwa ikakhulu emazweni afana neJalimane, iBelgium, i-Italy, iSpain, i-United Kingdom, eNetherlands.

Izinkomba ezinkulu ze-macroeconomic

I-France ilungu lezinhlangano eziningi zomhlaba wonke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, i-EU, i-WTO ne-OECD. Indlunkulu yezokugcina ikhona eParis. Igatsha eliyinhloko emnothweni kazwelonke waseFrance yimboni yamakhemikhali. Kuyasiza ekuthuthukiseni kwamanye amazinga futhi kwenza umthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni komnotho wezwe. Imboni ebaluleke kakhulu ibhizinisi lokuvakasha.

Umkhiqizo omkhulu wasekhaya waseFrance owakhiwa ngo-2016 wawuyizigidi ezingama-2,5 trillion. Lesi yisibonakaliso sesithupha phakathi kwamazwe wonke emhlabeni. Ngonyaka ka-2015, ikhule ngo-1.2%. Kwengxenye yesithathu ka-2016 - ngo-0,2%. I-GDP per capita ingama-dollar angu-38 ama-US. Uma sicabangela umkhiqizo omkhulu ngemikhakha, ke imboni enkulu yinkampani yesevisi. Inomthwalo we-79.8% we - GDP yaseFrance. Ulimo lunikeza kuphela i-1.9% yomkhiqizo omkhulu, imboni - 18.3%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-France isivele isivela emphakathini osezingeni eliphezulu. U-7.7% wabantu bangaphansi kobuhlwempu. Cishe izigidi ezingu-30 zamaFulentshi ziseminyakeni yobudala. Kulaba, u-71.8% usebenza ezinsizeni, u-24.3% embonini, kanti u-3.8% kwezolimo. Iholo elijwayelekile lingama-euro angu-2900-3300, emva kwezintela - 2200-2500.

Amagatsha amakhulu kukhona ukwakhiwa kwemishini, imoto kanye nezindiza, amakhemikhali, imishini, i-textile, imboni yokudla kanye nokuvakasha. Ukuthekeliswa nokungenisa kweFrance ngemali eyi-1.17 trillion zamaRandi. Abalingani abakhulu bokuhweba yizizwe ezinjalo ze-EU njengeJalimane, iBelgium ne-Italy. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kuhlanganisa imishini nemishini, amafutha angcolile, izindiza, imikhiqizo yezokwelapha kanye namakhemikhali. Isikweletu sangaphandle sezwe singama-dollar ayi-6 triliyoni.

Ubudlelwano bezomnotho wangaphandle beFrance

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, abalingani abakhulu bokuhweba baseFrance bangamazwe e-EU. I-Germany, iBelgium ne-Italy ziqala kokubili ngokuphathelene nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe. Izibopho zomnotho zangaphandle zaseFrance zihlanganisa iSpain, i-United Kingdom, i-United States, i-Netherlands ne-China.

Cabangela abalingani baseFrance abangaphandle. IJalimane ibhalela i-16.7% yenani lonke, iBelgium - 7.5%, i-Italy - 7.5%, iSpain - 6.9%, i-UK - 6.9%, i-USA - 5.6% , I-Netherlands - 4,3%. Manje ake siqhubeke nabalingani bokungenisa. I-Jalimane ibamba u-19.5% we-11.5% eBelgium, i-7.6% ye-Italy, i-7.4% yeNetherlands, i-6.6% yeSpain, i-5.1% ye-UK , 4.9% - ukuya eChina.

Ukuthengiswa okuyinhloko nokuthengiswa kweFrance

Ukusuka eFrance, izimoto nemishini, izindiza, iplastiki, amakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yezokwelapha, insimbi nensimbi, neziphuzo ezidakayo zithunyelwa phesheya. Lezi yizimboni ezinkulu ezivela ezweni. Ukungeniswa kweFrance nakho kumelwe yimishini nemishini, izimoto, amafutha angcolile, izindiza, amaplastiki kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.

Ibhalansi yayingu-4.4 billion euros ngoNovemba 2016. Lona ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kunazo zonke kusukela ngo-Agasti. Ukuthekeliswa kwanda ngo-5.3%, futhi kungeniswa - kuphela ngo-2.8%. Uma sicabangela isikhathi kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-2016, ibhalansi ejwayelekile yayingu -1091.03 million euros. Okungukuthi, ngokuvamile eFrance, ukulahleka kwezezimali kwakunqunyelwe. Isibonakaliso esiphezulu se-Okthoba 1997. Khona-ke ibhalansi yayihle futhi ibe yizigidi ezingu-2674 zama euro. Ukulahleka okukhulu kwaba ngoFebhuwari 2012. Khona-ke leli phutha laliyi -7040 million euros.

Ukuthumela

NgoNovemba 2016, inani lezimpahla ezithunyelwa ezweni liye lafinyelela kuma-euro angu-38.811 wezigidigidi. Uma sicabangela le nkathi kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-2016, khona-ke inani elilinganiselwe lokuthekelisa lingu-18398.37 million. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lirekhodiwe ngoJuni 2015. Khona-ke ukuthekeliswa kwakungu-39.896 billion. Ephansi kakhulu - ngo-May 1970. Khona-ke ivolumu yokuthumela impahla yayingu-1.166 billion euros.

Isihloko esiyinhloko imishini nemishini, izindiza, amakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yezokwelapha, iziphuzo ezihlukahlukene zokuphuza utshwala.

Ukungenisa

Ngo-November 2016, ukubaluleka kwezimpahla ezingenisiwe kwafinyelela ku-43.188 billion euro. Futhi manje cabangela ukuthunyelwa nokungenisa kweFrance isikhathi kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-2016. Izindleko zezimpahla ezingeniswe kuleli zwe zazilinganiselwa ku-19.489 billion euro. Izinga eliphansi kunazo zonke lirekhodiwe ngo-May 1970. Khona-ke ukungeniswa kwaba yi-1.152 billion euro kuphela. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lirekhodiwe ngo-Agasti 2012. Kwabe sekuyi-44.471 billion euros. Njengamanye amazwe, imishini nemishini inendawo ebalulekile ekungeniseni. I-France nayo incike ekungeneni kwamafutha angcolile.