Isifo Marek sika izinkukhu: izimpawu, ukwelashwa, isithombe. Umgomo wokulwa nezifo Marek sika

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izinkinga zempilo kungase kungabi kuphela abantu kodwa futhi izilwane. Abalimi abangeke ukunquma ukuqala zizalela izinkukhu, kubalulekile sikhumbule ukuthi bangase ekuthonyweni izifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba banamathele zonke izinyathelo edingekayo, futhi uma izinkinga - isikhathi ukuze uziqede.

Lesi sihloko sizosisiza sixoxe ngalokhu Ukugula kufanele kubhekwe njengesitha isifo Marek sika ezinkukhwini. Cabangela izici zako ezisemqoka, izinhlobo, izindlela zokuvimbela nokwelapha.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana isifo

Ukugula kuwumphumela kokunqotshwa izinyoni amangqamuzana omzimba futhi kuyinto acute isifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Kulokhu, inkukhu uqobo ngesikhathi ukutheleleka kanye ukutheleleka iba mthengisi, uma kungezona zonke izinyathelo ezidingekile iyothathwa, lingathelela abanye.

Igciwane lingena emzimbeni izinyoni hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ime phandle imvelo: ukudla, izimpaphe, uthuli nokunye - konke abangenwe isikhathi eside igcina izakhiwo yayo ebulalayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ezingeni lokushisa + 20-25 degrees igciwane ihlala isebenza kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi izohlala ezingeni lokushisa kuze kufinyelele +4 degrees - eminyakeni embalwa.

Into kuphela ukuthi kungaba okungenani izindaba kancane ezinhle kulesi simo - ejenti nolaka ubulawa nge ezingeni lelisetulu nomswakama. Lokhu kusho ukuthi-ke cishe ngeke luthathwe isikhukhukazi sishiya amachwane aso ukuze iphuphu.

Izimbangela zesifo

Lokho kwenza ukuba umsebenzi isifo, yaqanjwa usosayensi Marek? Lesi sifo kubonakala ngenxa kokunqotshwa inyoni DNA igciwane, okuthiwa "i-herpes". It esiphazamisayo inqubo kumiswa amasosha omzimba zokuyithena futhi ezahlukene umsebenzi interferonicheskoy.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-ejenti causative lesi sifo angaphila imvelo kungakapheli unyaka owodwa.

Izindlela ukutheleleka

Marek sika isifo (inyoni ekhaya, ushaya ngokuvamile) kuhilela ukungcoliswa amaconsi sisemoyeni (the sisemoyeni) ngokusebenzisa. Inkampani yenethiwekhi main ukutheleleka ilimele inkukhu, okuyinto kudedela igciwane endaweni ezungezile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa ipheshana zokuphefumula futhi ngokusebenzisa ipheshana wokugaya ukudla noma isikhumba futhi feather follicle.

Ngenxa yalokho, isifo Marek sika angadluliselwa ngokusebenzisa asele izinyoni nezimpaphe, phansi, okuphakelayo, amanzi, uthuli noma yizinambuzane.

bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi

Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala lesi sifo, azikho izimpawu ezithile. Ukubukeka inkinga ingase esolwa kuphela ikamu paleness, ubuthakathaka kanye ukukhathala kwezinyoni, Gait ezingezona ezemvelo noma indlela omi ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkukhu usungaqala ukhathalele. Uma lesi sifo abathintekayo inani elikhulu labantu, kukhona amathuba nesenzakalo lokucindezeleka kwabasanda izinyoni, okuyinto kuzobandakanya eyisimanga kwesisindo olubi nokuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni.

Ngemva kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni, engahlala kusuka emavikini la-2 kuya ku-15, isifo Marek sika izinkukhu siqala ukuvela evelele.

Ifomu okukhulu isifo Marek futhi izimpawu zaso

Ukuze ifomu acute lesi sifo libhekene kwesisindo, ukukhathala, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukukhubazeka kanye paresis, isitatimende engalungile umzimba (ikhanda, izinyawo umsila, amaphiko), izinkinga ekugayeni ukudla esiswini. Uma igciwane ahlaselwa iso nyoni, usongela wakhe ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha kakhulu umbono.

Ukuze ifomu acute elinesimo ukugeleza okusheshayo kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni, futhi ngokushesha lesi sifo. Njengomthetho, inkukhu ubulawa abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-1 kuya ku-5 izinyanga.

Ifomu acute lesi sifo kakhulu efana ezinomdlavuza wegazi, futhi ngemva kokufa izinyoni kubalulekile ukuba adlulisele umzimba wakhe endaweni yokugeza esikhethekile luhlolo kanye ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe.

Ifomu zasendulo isifo Marek futhi izimpawu zaso

Kukhona ifomu zakudala yenkinga ezifana nesifo Marek sika. Izimpawu kulokhu zimi kanje: iris kushintsha umbala yayo bluish noma mpunga, umfundi iba ipheya emise noma ukuma polyhedral, umsila kanye amaphiko droop, intamo wasonta, le nyoni uqala ukuba manqikanqika.

Lezi zinguquko ezihlobene ne umonakalo emsipheni, okwabangela ukukhubazeka yokukhula komzimba wonke noma ezinye izingxenye zalo.

Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni lefomu zasendulo isifo ingahlala phakathi kwezinyanga 2-3. Inkukhu efa ezineminyaka engu-5 kuya kwezingu-16.

Ukuze unombono sendlela ukushintsha iso nyoni ngesikhathi uphethwe, "isifo Marek sika", ngezansi elizoba isibonelo esihle.

Njengoba ubona, kunzima kakhulu ukudida lesi sifo nanoma iyiphi enye.

izinguquko zangaphakathi

Ngokuvamile kukhona izimo lapho amaphuphu alulame, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile (mayelana 2-6 amasonto) basafa.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isifo Marek nalo ephelezelwa izinguquko izibilini izinyoni. Ukuthi kutholwa kuphela okukhona emva kokufa futhi asike izidumbu zabantu inkukhu. Zivela foci eziningi izimila e isitho esithile. Ngokuvamile kuthinta inhliziyo, isisu, isibindi, amaphaphu, izinso, amanyikwe, amaqanda futhi testes, Bursa ka Fabricius, izinzwa we plexus brachial, isikhumba.

Ifomu acute lesi sifo sithinta umuntu oyedwa noma ebaluleke kakhulu izingxenye zomzimba, okuholela ekufeni salezi zinyoni.

Ngakho sesibindi ubende ngokuvamile lakhuliswa futhi kuhluke ebusweni esingemnandi noma bushelelezi ukufaka ebalulekile noma ekubhebhetselisa Izigaxana grey kwalo.

sitholakele isifo

isifo Marek sika kungenziwa kutholakala laboratories ekhethekile. Ngenxa yale njongo, khona ithunyelwa nezidumbu izinyoni efile.

Ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngokunembile imbangela yokufa kuhlinzekelwe uphethwe okusheshayo, okubandakanya enifeza ukuhlolwa yemvelo ku izinkukhu, iphuphu imibungu, iseli isiko assays. Njengoba for ukuhlolwa serological, usebenzisa RNF, RDP, Riga.

Futhi kudingeka ukuxilongwa umehluko, esiza ukukhipha khona hypovitaminosis B no-C, wegazi, encephalomyelitis ezibangelwa amagciwane.

isifo Marek sika izinkukhu: Ukwelashwa

Zikhona yini izindlela ukuqeda le nkinga? Ngeshwa, ukwelapha isifo Marek sika kakhulu kuyaqabukela ngempumelelo ngenxa imishini ekhethekile eyokusiza ukunqoba lesi sifo, umane akekho. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ejwayelekile namagciwane, kodwa amathuba okufa namanje eliphezulu ngokwanele. Ngokwesibonelo, izingqimba dlulisa 50% amacala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi broilers ukusinda kaningi - mayelana 90% amacala.

Uma inyoni ishayé ngikhubazekile, amathuba wakhe we yokutakula yimpumelelo abasondelene zero.

Yingakho wokugoma ekhethekile yokulwa nezifo Marek zenzelwe azosiza ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene igciwane futhi ukuvikela inyoni. Ake sixoxe ngokuningiliziwe ngalokhu.

Ukugonywa yokulwa nezifo Marek sika

Kufanele uqale neqiniso lokuthi lokugoma kufanele kube uchwepheshe ofanelekayo (vet) kuphela. Ngokuzimela zikwenza.

Kubalulekile ukuba acabangele iqiniso lokuthi amasosha omzimba atholwe awuphasiswa kusukela hen kuya iphuphu. Ngakho-ke, kuphoqelekile ukuba bagome gcwele zukulwane of izinyoni.

Njengomthetho, izinkukhu zigonywe usebenzisa wokugoma bukhoma, equkethe ukubunjwa kwayo uhlobo attenuated igciwane. abasha umzimba ezifweni kalula ukubhekana naso futhi ngenxa yalokho, elakhiwe amasosha omzimba eminye kuyo, esenganyelwe kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila.

Ukuze sibe abafundisi abaphumelelayo kakhulu kunconywa ukuba bagome inkukhu kakade ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwakhe. Emva kwalokhu nqubo yaphindaphindwa ngemva kwamasonto amabili (ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu).

Cabanga isifinyezo sezinto yokugoma ezintathu eyaziwa kakhulu azosiza ugweme izinkinga ezifana nesifo Marek sika.

"Vaksitek HVT + IBD» (Vaxxiek HVT + IBD)

A wokugoma itholakale ukudayiselwa ngesimo ukumiswa eqandisiwe. It is zahlanganiswa for 1000, 2000 noma 4000 ngemithamo e ingilazi ampoules ka 2 ml. Bonke asethe njó tripod ekhethekile futhi ibekwe negabha Dewar ne liquid nitrogen, okuyinto (ngokwezinto imiyalelo) kumele zokuthutha kanye yokugcina imithi. izidakamizwa Okudizayinelwe ekwelapheni isifo Marek futhi Gumboro isifo ezinkukhwini.

Umkhiqizo iqukethe ukubunjwa yayo:

• fibroblast iseli isiko SPF inkukhu imibungu, eyayibonakala igciwane isakhi sokuzakhela, turkey herpes;
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Ngaphambi ukusebenzisa, umgomo kufanele buhlanjululwe nge "Merial" inkampani ezikhethekile necebo ngokulandela imiyalelo afakiwe.

Kusho Akhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-amasosha omzimba yokulwa nezifo Marek ngemva ukusetshenziswa olulodwa. Umthelela inakekelwa kulo lonke ekuphileni senyoni leyo.

Shelf-ukuphila izidakamizwa, kuncike zonke ezokuthutha ezidingekayo futhi isitoreji se-izinyathelo kuyinto engu-3 (izinyanga ezingama-36). Ngokusho ukusetshenziswa ekupheleni izimali akuvunyelwe.

Umuthi kungaphansi ekuchitheni ngokushesha ezimweni lapho:

• ampoule ku wokugoma ayifani;
• yobunzima noma ubuqotho uphawu buphuliwe;
• okuqukethwe izoshintsha umbala waso noma indlela esizwakala;
• ishq uvele ngaphambi isitsha noma ezinye ukungcola;
• Umgomo incibilikiswa futhi awuzange sebewasebenzisa ngaphakathi ihora elilodwa emva isixazululo dilution.

Ukubulala amagciwane izindlela inikeza yayo ukwelashwa abilayo noma chloramine 5% no 2% isixazululo alikhali ku isilinganiso 1: 1 ngesikhathi ihora.

"Mareks Rispens + HVT» (Marek sika Rispens + HVT)

Lesi sidakamizwa igcwele 1000 noma 2000 imithamo, futhi 2 ml ampoules. Njengasendabeni yabase langaphambilini, umenzeli is athuthwe futhi agcinwe endaweni Dewar egcwele liquid nitrogen. Amazinga kufanele kube -196 degrees.

Ukulungiswa kuhlanganisa:

• Isiko SPF inkukhu imibungu fibroblasts eyayibonakala igciwane herpes ka amakalikuni isifo Marek sika;
• sezinkomo serum (isimame);
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Ngemva ukusetshenziswa amasosha omzimba izinkukhu kwakhiwa umgomo ngosuku lwesithupha futhi iqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni ukusetshenziswa kwalo elikhiqizayo.

Umuthi ayinakho ayelapha futhi akuyona ingozi ngokuphelele.

Kusho kumele ilahlwe amacala efanayo, okuyinto eye yachazwa ekucabangeleni "Vaksitek" wokugoma.

"Rispens CVI-988» (Rispens CVI-988)

Ithuluzi itholakale ukudayiselwa ngesimo ukumiswa eqandisiwe. Ngo ngezithako zawo iqukethe:

• SPF inkukhu fibroblast iseli ngemibungu sifo Marek sika;
• sezinkomo serum (esebenza njenge isimame);
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Le mfundiso eyasungulwa ethi kungenzeka igcwele 1000 noma 2000 izitsha eziyisikhombisa futhi agcinwe endaweni liquid nitrogen tank (Dewar isitsha) e -196 degrees Celsius.

kwakhiwa amasosha omzimba ngemva umgomo ngamahora 7-14 futhi ihlala kulo lonke ekuphileni senyoni leyo.

Izindlela ukuvimbela izifo Marek sika

Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kwasekuqaleni ukuba sifeze lomgomo, okuxoxwe ngazo izigaba odlule kwalesi sihloko ngawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzomele ulandele izimiso ezimbalwa ezilula.

1. Hlela ukwehlukana izinkukhu ngezigcawu zeminyaka. ukunakekelwa okukhethekile Kubalulekile ukunikeza amaphuphu ezinsukwini wazo wokuqala wempilo.
2. Thobela imithetho isilwane zezempilo henhouse kanye netindzawo.
3. Uma usola ukuthi ukubukeka kwalesi sifo izinkukhu esolwa ngabanye kufanele ngokushesha sinqunywe futhi ubhujiswe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba ugweme igciwane nezinye izinyoni.
4. Njengoba ubona, izinyathelo zokuvimbela ulula design. Nokho, ukuqaliswa yabo ngeke sivumele ukuvela sifo futhi alondoloze impilo ipulazi inyoni.

Kufinyeta

Ngokungangabazeki, isifo Marek sika kuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu yenkukhu abalimi. Izifo kuthinta izinkukhu izimbangela yokuba yimpumputhe, ukukhubazeka, paresis nokufa. Elinye iqiniso, okuyinto nzima kakhulu isimo - a ikhambi lalesi sifo, ayikatholakali kuze kube yasungulwa, futhi ukwelashwa izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala has kahle ongaphakeme, ngisho emabangeni kokuqala. Abalimi into kuphela kungathatha ukulondoloza impilo nokuphila izinkukhu epulazini - lokufeza imigomo ngesikhathi esifanele bese ulandela imithetho elula lokuvikela.