Uyini unembeza: ngamazwi azo. Incazelo incazelo yaleli zwi

Umqondo "unembeza" yavela endulo, futhi abaningi izazi zefilosofi nazo ziye wazama ukuchaza ke. Lomunye umuntfu wake watsi lena umuzwa eyenza umuntu obuthakathaka, kuyilapho abanye, kunalokho, wagomela ukuthi enye yezimfanelo esiqine umuntu omuhle. Okwaba nzima nakakhulu kwaba ongakhuluma ngazo, lokho unembeza, ngamazwi akho kulabo ayengasoze nayo imizwa enjalo. Zama ukuqonda ukuthi yini kutsini leligama.

Izindinganiso zokuziphatha futhi zokuziphatha

imithombo Iningi abathi ukuthi unembeza - isidingo abanamathela izimiso zokuhle, kwakheka imvelo lapho umuntu ekhula. Uma ngasizathu simbe akunakwenzeka ukuba sifeze imigomo ethile, bese ngamunye uzizwa umuzwa wecala. Uyini unembeza, ngamazwi akho chaza nabasebenzi emphakathini zenkolo - Wayehlonishwa Orabi. Bakholelwa ukuthi izwi elingaphakathi umuntu ngamunye, hhayi enikeza phuma lungile dlela futhi bavikele yokona.

Njengoba kukhona umuzwa

Lapho abantu ukhulume nganobe ngusiphi umqondo noma umcimbi, ukuzama ukuqonda ukuthi essence yayo, bakhuluphale, bayakuphendukela emithonjeni. Kulokhu futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi lapho uqala ukuba nomuzwa unembeza. Ngo yesayensi yanamuhla, kunezinkolelo-mbono amabili aphikisanayo ngokuphelele, kodwa ngamunye wabo Ziyathakazelisa nefanele. Amalungu ngowokuqala bakholelwa ukuthi unembeza womuntu - umuzwa okuyinto bunohlamvu zemvelo. Kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ufakwa kusukela zisencane.

Bobabili eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma banelungelo lokuphila, kusukela, ukuze yakha umqondo wako, kumelwe kube khona ukuxhumana esiyimbangela. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho esewusana zobugovu izenzo badalele, wabasola, futhi yokuzinikela ukuthi inzuzo, evunywe, ingane kwakheka ubuhlobo esiyimbangela.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukulahlwa nokuvunywa kukhona umuntu uqobo. Ngakho, manje lapho usukhulile izenzo zobugovu eziye zingasilahli abazali, futhi izwi elingaphakathi. Ngenxa yokuthi kuphakama izinhlangano ezifana impela esewusana futhi agxile ku ubuchopho bomuntu, kubonakala sengathi buyimfanelo isegazini. Kodwa futhi, njengoba lo muzwa ekhiqizwa imvelo lapho umuntu ekhula, "umqondo kanembeza" yakhe kungahluka kakhulu kusukela umbono lonke ndaba.

Ake sizame ukukuchazela ukuthi unembeza, ngamazwi akhe isibonelo kahle elula. Kukhona imindeni emibili. Omunye ubugovu njengenkulumo ngu izinga ezinye ezimbi, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi kuphela "uthando bazethembe." Sola emkhayeni kwenzeka lapho umntwana yena okuthile ubandlululo, abazali bacabanga ukuthi akakuthandi yena. Lapha ingane "Unembeza onecala", isibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi yena esikhundleni ukuthenga uswidi, enikeza abampofu. Enye umndeni - uhluke: ncamashi nesenzo esifanayo akulahlwa futhi sidangele.

Futhi ngaleso, futhi enye ingane ngandlela thile umuzwa "unembeza," kodwa siqondiswe bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi olwamukelwa imiqondo zokuziphatha kanembeza usazoba ohlangothini ngengane umndeni yesibili.

Ukukhathalela abanye ngempela kuphakamisa nobugovu

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuyo umuntu ekhula, it has nomthelela omkhulu kakhulu, hhayi njalo izimfanelo ezithile ngenxa yakhe. Kuqondane ukuthi izimiso ku umkhaya ophila ngazo, asishayisani nge ngokuyisisekelo ingane yabo. Sikwazi ukukhula Altruist emkhayeni amoral, ngakho uyala ukuba isimo sengqondo esingaqondile ukuze indlela yabo yokuphila futhi ngokuthi ngazo zonke izindleko ufuna ibe khona ehlukile. Waba lenhloni lezo zinto ezenza abazali bakhe, futhi uma he bophezela, unembeza onjalo icala. Darwin wabiza lo okubonakalisa sokukhathalela zemvelo.

Uma isimo amaqiniso abonisa okuphambene, singakhuluma ubugovu zemvelo. Ososayensi abaningi nezazi zefilosofi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto umuzwa ngezindlela ezingafani sizalwa nawo wonke umuntu. I degree of sola nobugovu zisencane, cishe, futhi inquma ukuthi umuntu ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza zikhule. isayensi Western babekholelwa ukuthi izingane zizalwa ngezinga elilinganayo sokukhathalela nobugovu owandile ukuthi izinga kungenzeka vumela.

ukuhlaziywa kanembeza

Ukuze sihlaziye lo mqondo, kuba ukwazi kudingekile senkululeko kanye nesono. ulimi Mathematical singasho ukuthi unembeza womuntu - umehluko phakathi lezo zenzo ukuthi zivunyelwe nalezo akwenzeki yiziphi izizathu. Kaningi okubonakalisa le umuzwa ixhunyiwe ngokukholwa. Unembeza - uhlobo mqaphi kwangaphakathi olawula ephathelene nokufaneleka ngokokuziphatha kwezinqubo izenzo. kwasekuqaleni ezocatshangelwa yokuziphatha okubi ukuba abantu abakholelwa lezo eziphambene imiyalo yabo.

Njengomthetho, nodumo unembeza njalo ezikhonjwe nomunye. Ngokwesibonelo, isazi sefilosofi German U-Immanuel Kant ngokuthi lokhu umuzwa ngomthetho, abahlala wonke umuntu futhi ekunqumeni nesithunzi sakhe. A. Holbach wathi ukuthi unembeza - ungumahluleli kwangaphakathi. Kuphela le umuzwa wokuba nomthwalo wemfanelo Libonisa ngokunembile ukuthi izenzo womuntu bafanelwe uzolahlwa noma ukwamukelwa.

inkululeko kanembeza

Kusukela ekuqaleni lokuzalwa umqondo olucutshungulwayo kwaba eningi ukutolika ezahlukene izwi, kodwa bonke isekelwe ezimisweni zokuziphatha wabelane (udumo, isithunzi, oluphathelene nokuzidela, umusa), ekuchazeni ukuthi unembeza. Inani izwi futhi izimiso zalo zisebenza eziyisisekelo ezichazwe imisebenzi yakhe cishe zonke sazi sefilosofi.

Ekhulwini le-19, kancane kancane baqala ukuvela into ezifana inkululeko kanembeza. Lokhu kwanika abanye ugqozi intando yeningi zokuziphatha. Umqondo unembeza ngayinye okwakubaluleke siqu kakhulu. Kuyo umuntu ekhula, kwaba juqu for kuye. Ngakho, uma umuntu efuna nomkhaya wakhe babehlala okwesikhathi nezindinganiso ezithile kuyisiphazamiso esimisweni sokuhle nokubi, badinga ukuhlonipha nokugxilisa. Yini kubhekwa okungalungile futhi ihlanganyela ekuziphatheni okubi ngokobulili, kubalulekile ukuba kusolwe, ezinhle njengoba kubalulekile ukuba uvumele.

Izingane nonembeza

Ukuze baqonde izimiso eyayisekelwe kuzo leyo ingane ikhula, ungacela ukuba abhale inkulumo emfushane "Kanembeza kimi." Umbhalo kuyoba ngokuphelele esicacile kulokho imfundo izikhathi kufanele inikwe kakhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unembeza kungaholela ezinkingeni ezithile engqondweni. Lapho ingane noma umuntu omdala engakutholi ukwenza lutho "ngonembeza omuhle", kuthathela ukuhlupha wecala. isimo esinjalo njalo kungaholela ngisho nokuzibulala. Izingane kudingeka uchaze ukuthi siyini unembeza, ngamazwi akhe, sifunda indlela ukwenza, ukuthi kwakukhona kuzisola, kanye nokuxoxa, ukuthi kunezimo lapho akunakwenzeka ukwenza kanjalo noma kunjalo.