Ingxubevange steel

Ekukhetheni indaba for womshini imikhiqizo metal kuyizici eziningana ukuze kubhekwe, kuhlanganise wemfihlo we rigidity. Kulolu hlu kwesakhiwo bangakhathaleli muntu kuncike kuphela ubunjalo impahla kusukela lapho izakhi amandla - stringers, ozimele, amapuleti flat, njll

I wemfihlo eliphezulu kakhulu rigidity kuyinto steel, okusisekelo ezimbili zama e chemical yabo kwengoma. Okokuqala, lokhu steel ingxubevange, okuyinto ngokukhethekile ungeze izakhi alloying ukuthola izakhiwo ezidingekayo.

Izakhi eziyinhloko enomthelela izakhiwo steel - carbon, i-silicon kanye manganese. Carbon ngenkathi okwandisa nokuqukethwe kwalo kwenza steel namandla amakhulu, kuyilapho ekunciphiseni ductility yayo. Silicon esinikezwa ejenti deoxidizing, kodwa uma okuqukethwe kwawo amaphesenti angaphezu kwelilodwa kakhulu liwohloka le weldability of okuhlinza: i-weld ziyaqothuka. A liyisici njengoba manganese kuthuthukisa brittleness abandayo kanye ukuqina steel, futhi nokuba deoxidizer ezinhle.

Ngokuvamile, ngaphezu yensimbi ne-carbon, engezwa iyiphi ingxenye eyodwa, steel elixutshiwe + ngakho labizwa ngokuthi emithathu ingxenye, ezine-ingxenye, nokunye. D. Ngezikhathi ezithile ke kuyahluka isihloko isici alloying, ezifana chromium, i-chromium-nickel, njll hromonikelmolibdenovaya

Ingxubevange steel iqukethe amaphesenti angaphezu kwelilodwa chromium noma ne-nickel. Uma elikhona ezingaphezu kuka-0.5% of vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, niobium, nitrogen, ithusi, njll, Kuthathwa yilezi izakhi ingxubevange.

Kuye inani izingxenye wanezela, ingxubevange steel luhlukaniswe subclasses ezilandelayo:

- ephezulu ingxubevange steel, lapho okuqukethwe ingqikithi izakhi alloying kuyinto angaphansi kwamaphesenti ayishumi;

- srednelegirovannoj - akukho kweziyisishiyagalombili per cent;

- ongaphakeme-elixutshiwe steel, lapho isici esisodwa kuphela wanezela nge okuqukethwe mkhawulo hhayi engaphezu kwemibili amaphesenti.

Ngokuvamile, izakhi alloying kakhulu izindleko steel, ikakhulukazi kusukela ezinye izakhi kunezelwa ngokwabo untula izinsimbi ezibizayo. Ngakho, ngaphezu kwabo kuya steel kumele kufakwe ngokucophelela.

steel elixutshiwe has amamaki ezilandelayo: amadijithi amabili lokuqala abonisa okuqukethwe carbon (kumakhulukhulu iphesenti), izinhlamvu ibonisani kunemibandela ungeze alloying idijithi isici ngemva kwabo - okuqukethwe kwalesi sakhi njengoba amaphesenti. Le ncwadi "A", esimelela ekupheleni indlela kokuphawula ukuthi high quality steel nge okuqukethwe ongaphakeme phosphorus nesibabule.

Omunye uba sokuqanjwa amakhemikhali steel - carbon. Its ngenxa malula futsi cheapness zokukhiqiza ngokwethukela kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini eziningi.

Enye ukusetshenziswa okuhloswe we steel ukusebenzisa kwayo enkulu ekwakhekeni wokulinganisa amathuluzi, ukusika izingxenye zemishini, ozifela ukusonteka abandayo futhi kushisa.

Ithuluzi steel and ingxubevange icala, ne-carbon, futhi kuncike imithetho zibuswa isivakashi, ngayinye imikhiqizo ethile steel akudingeki ukusebenzisa steel kokuba othize amakhemikhali ukwakheka.

. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Amathuluzi okuhlinza, zikhathi zokuzivivinya, amashizolo, izando isikudilayiva, ngamasaha, hobs, njll wasebenzisa insimbi isigaba esithile - ephezulu ingxubevange, ngesivinini. It has ubulukhuni okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukushisa ukumelana nemihuzuko ukumelana. Lezi izindawo eliyingqayizivele etholakala ngokungeza alloying obukhethekile tungsten Carbide, kanye ukwelashwa ukushisa kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuze i-hammer, kufa ashisayo nabandayo, isikhunta futhi al. Ezisetshenzisiwe amamaki steel ezifana H6VF, 9X, 5HNM njll