Imyuziyamu yaseLermontov eMoscow. I-Lermontov's House-Museum

Lesi sikhumbuzo somlando esimangalisayo sisenhliziyweni yenhloko-dolobha, hhayi kude ne-Arbat. Lena enye yezindlu ezihlala lapho umlobi omkhulu ehlala noma ehlala khona.

I-Museum-apartment Lermontov eMoscow yindlu encane enezintambo ezine-mezzanine. Ngemuva kokubuyiselwa, indlu yavuselelwa ekubukeni kwayo kwasekuqaleni. Umhlobiso wayo wangaphakathi uhambelana ngokugcwele nencazelo yezimo eziphilayo neziphilayo zenkathi uMikhail Yurievich ahlala ngayo.

Imibukiso yemiboniso yemyuziyamu ihlanganisa amakamelo aphilayo amancane nezinkulu , igumbi lombongi ngokwakhe, igumbi lomkhulu wakhe othandekayo kanye nehholo lokubukisa. I-Lermontov's House Museum eMoscow inikeza impahla yomuntu siqu yenkondlo, izincwadi, ifenisha, izithombe zakhe, kanye nezithombe zabangani bakhe nezihlobo zakhe. Phakathi kwazo kukhona imiboniso eyenziwe yimbongi ngokwakhe.

Isizinda semlando

Indlu lapho uMyuziyamu weLermontov utholakala khona namuhla eMoscow wakhiwa nguPeter Chernov, umthengisi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kokunqoba eRussia-French War (1812).

Kamuva, ugogo kaMikhail Yurievich waqasha le ndlu ehlelekile ukuze umzukulu wakhe athole imfundo yaseMoscow. Lapha uMikhail Yurievich wayehlala naye kusukela ekupheleni kwehlobo lika-1829 kwaze kwaba ngo-1832, lapho ehambela ePetersburg.

Esikhathini saseSoviet (kanye nasezindlini eziningi zomlando) igumbi lokuxhumana lafakwa endlini. Abaningi balabo abahlala kuwo babengalindele ngisho nokuhlala endlini enomlando ocebile kangaka.

Indlela i-museum eyadalwa ngayo

Malaya Molchanovka, 2 - indlu eyisiqephu somlando wekhulu le-XIX. Kuzo zonke izakhamuzi zethu, uyathandeka ukuthi lapha wachitha iminyaka yakhe yobusha umlobi ovelele waseRussia - uLermontov.

Isakhiwo esenziwe ngamapulangwe esitayela sobukhosi nge-mezzanine sashintsha abaqashi kaningi, savuselelwa izikhathi eziningi. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi ababukeli bendabuko bendabuko bekwakhiwa bematasa beyakha umyuziyamu kuwo. Ukubamba iqhaza ngokuphumelelayo ekudalweni kwemiboniso kuthathwe yi-IL Andronikov.

Ngo-1979, indlu yathola isimo semyuziyamu, futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva (1981), yavula iminyango yayo ngemva kokubuyiselwa kwezivakashi.

Umndeni waseStolypin-Lermontov

Ukuvuselelwa kwesimo lapho uLermontov osemusha ahlala khona, abalobi nabadali bamamyuziyamu basebenzisa indlela yokuphila enhle kakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, basebenzise ngempumelelo imininingwane eyaziwa ngenkathi kuhlolwa impilo yombongi kanye nokuphila, kanye nezinkumbulo zabantu besikhathi sakhe.

Kumele kuthiwa u-Elizaveta Alekseevna, ugogo kaMikhail Yurievich, wayengomndeni ohloniphekile waseStolypins, owaziwa eRussia kusukela ngo-1566.

Emdongeni ekamelweni lakhe ungabona umbono wesigodi saseNeelovka, esasifundazweni saseSaratov. Leli dolobha elincane lalilingumkhulu kaMikhail Yurievich AE Stolypin. Wayengumnikazi weyodwa yezemidlalo yaseshashalazini enhle kuleli zwe futhi wayekhethwa ngokuphindaphindiwe njengomholi wabantu abahloniphekile esifundazweni sasePenza. Emndenini wakhe bekhuliswe izingane eziyishumi nanye. Ekamelweni lika-Elizabeth Alekseevna, izinto eziningi zikhumbuza abafowabo.

Igumbi elincane lokuhlala

Ngokusemthethweni, izivakashi eziseMermonv Museum eMoscow zivakashele ekamelweni, ezifudumele futhi zithokozile kakhulu endlini, lapho omakhelwane, abangane, izihlobo zenkondlo esikoleni sokubhoda kanye neyunivesithi bavame ukuhlangana: DD Durnov, MI Saburov, N. S. Shenshin, AD Zakrevsky, NI Polivanov. Le ncwadi yagcina izincwadi, ezazifunda imbongi encane nabangane bayo - "Abafowethu Abaphangi" ngoPushkin, "Ingoma YaseBell" nguSchiller. Lapha ungabona umagazini "Athenaeum".

Lona kwakuyi-edition lokuqala, lapho ngo-1830 uMikhail Yurievich washicilela inkondlo yakhe, ebhalisa ngenye incwadi ethi "L". Kwakuyinkondlo evela emisebenzini yokuqala - "Spring", eyanikezelwa ku-EA. Sushkova, ngubani ngalezo zinsuku uLermontov owakhathazeka kakhulu. Ekamelweni elifanayo kukhona isithombe sikaVarvara Lopukhina. Umzwelo omnene futhi othukuthele wale ntombazane enhle, umbongi ugcine yonke impilo yakhe emfushane.

I-Watercolor, eyenziwa nguLermontov, imelela uVarenka emfanekisweni ka-Emilia - i-heroine ye drama kaLermontov ethi "abaseSpain", omunye wemisebenzi yokuqala eyinkimbinkimbi yombongi. "Book of Destinies", eyenziwe uLermontov ukuba ahlanganyele emcimbini wokuNyaka Omusha (1832). Isimbongi safika emhlanganweni ohloniphekile osesithweni somuntu wezinkanyezi. Kulezi zivakashi, walungiselela imibingelelo Yonyaka Omusha evesini.

Igumbi lokulala elikhulu

Leli gumbi elivulekile, elenziwe ngesitayela soMbuso waseMoscow - akukho lutho oluzwakalayo noma olunengqondo kuwo. Umhlobiso wayo oyinhloko yi-bas-reliefs ephawulekayo. Lona umsebenzi ohlakaniphile womculi uF. F. Tolstoy. Bazinikele empini namaFrench (1812).

Abantu abasondelene nomlobi babuthana kuleli gumbi. Bahlabelela, badansa. Ngokuvamile uMikhail Yurievich wadlala ipiyano ne-violin. Lapha wafunda ukudlala upiyano waze wazama nokubhala umculo.

Imyuziyamu yaseLermontov eMoscow inomcebo wangempela, okhona kuleli gumbi. Sikhuluma ngemifanekiso yomndeni, eyenziwe ngumculi we-serf. Lapha ungabona kanye neminye imisebenzi, isithombe esingavamile sikamama kaMikhail Yurievich - uMaria Mikhailovna. Wayengeneminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili lapho efa ngokusetshenziswa.

IKhabhinethi

E-mezzanine ihhovisi likaLermontov. Leli gumbi ligcina umoya wenkathi yeLermontov. Amabhukhimakhi agcwele izincwadi ezihlukahlukene emlandweni, ifilosofi. Lapha ungathola imisebenzi kaWalter Scott noByron, Chateaubriand noChenier, Goethe. Ngomyalo ophelele wesiJalimane, isiFulentshi nesiNgisi, uLermontov wakhetha ukufunda ama-classical emhlabeni ekuqaleni. Wakhetha ezincwadini zokubhuka izincwadi ezinhle kakhulu zaleso sikhathi uDerzhavin, iKaramzin, Fonvizin, uZhukovsky, uPushkin. Izindonga zeKhabhinethi zihlotshiswe nge-portraits - iNkosi Byron noK Kiprensky, iPushkin eyenziwa nguTutkin. Ukudweba, okuyinto ebonisa iCaucasus ehloniphekile, eseduze nomsebenzi odumile kaRafael "I-Madonna ne-Child," okwakusondeza umlobi imicabango ecasulayo mayelana nomama osemncane.

On the easel - kukhona portrait watercolor of Mikhail Yuryevich. Umbongi wakhe osemusha wadala ngenkumbulo kayise. I-Lermonotva yayidangele kakhulu ngxabano nogogo u-Yuri Petrovich. Indodana nobaba babethandana kakhulu.

Umbono we- Ivan the Great Bell Tower (ukuqoshwa komlobi ongaziwa) ulenga phezu kwedeski lembongi, njengobufakazi bothando lukaLermontov olungapheli kuMoscow lasendulo.

Kungani kufanele uvakashele imyuziyamu

Inhloko-dolobha yethu kunezikhumbuzo eziningi ezithakazelisayo zomlando nezincwadi. Sincoma ukuthi uvakashele iLermontov House-Museum eMoscow ngezizathu eziningana. Kule ndlu encane uyoba nethuba eliyingqayizivele lokungena emkhathini, nokuphila kwabahlonishwa baseMoscow ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Ungase uzizwe umoya wokuphila okuthakazelisayo we-intelligentsia waseMoscow, engqondweni yawo okwakushukumisa lesi sigameko kungekudala - ukuvuswa kukaDemembrist.

Umbongi ohlakaniphile uLermontov uqobo lwakhe uvela kulezi zindonga ngabaningi ohlangothini olusha, abangazange bakhulume ngalo esikoleni. Amadokhumenti kanye nempahla yendlu ye-museum sinikezwa yintsha nentombazane kaMikhail, owafunda ngenkuthalo, waba ngumngane ngobuqotho, wasithandana, wahlukana nobaba wakhe.

Imyuziyamu yaseLermontov eMoscow, okuvulwa kuyo ngemuva kokubuyiselwa kwendlu ngoFebruwari 1981, ihlale ijabule izivakashi.

Muva nje, ukubuyiselwa kokugcina kwesakhiwo kwaqedwa. Ngo-Meyi 19, 2014 i-museum yabuye yavula izihambi izivakashi. Namuhla izinkulungwane zezivakashi ezivela kulo lonke elaseRussia ziphupha ukuvakashela lapha. Ngokusho kokuphatha, namuhla, ukuvezwa kuboniswa iqoqo elikhulu kakhulu.

Ngonyaka we-200 we-mbongi waseLermontov Museum eMoscow, isithombe ongabona kuso esihlokweni sethu, silungiselele amanoveli athakazelisayo. Ngokuqinisekile bayoba nesithakazelo kubalandeli bomlando kanye nabachwepheshe bomsebenzi wezinkondlo.

Lermontov Museum eMoscow - amahora okuvula

Isikhumbuzo semlando esibuyiselwe silindele izivakashi nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-11: 00 kuya ku-18.00 (ngoMsombuluko - kuvaliwe). NgoLwesine i-museum iqala ukusebenza kamuva, kusukela ngo-14.00 futhi iphela ngo-20.00.