I impi yombango eRoma. Izimbangela izimpi yombango eRoma. Ithebula "Yombango eRoma"

Umlando uyazi zombango eRoma eziningana. Ikakhulukazi esishubile sasinjani isimo ngesikhathi ngasekupheleni Republic.

Indlela iminyaka eminingi waqhubeka eRoma impi yombango?

Yinkathi impi okwenzeka, eziningana mlando laphawula ngokuthi enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zinhlekelele letindzala izindaba Empire. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke impi yombango eRoma ezenzeka esikhathini 40s BC. e. Phakathi wakhe Yuliy Tsezar ebhekene elite senatorial, okuyinto wayeyinhloko uPompey Veliky. Indlela iminyaka eminingi waqhubeka eRoma nempi yombango, okufanayo kwakukhona njalo kwekuhlela kabusha yangaphakathi in the state. Sekukonke, le mpi yathatha iminyaka engu-100 - kusukela 133 kuya ku-31 BC. e.

izimfanelo

Yiziphi izimbangela zombango eRoma? Ekupheleni kuka-2 leminyaka BC. e. Gay noMariya kwafanela kabusha yempi. Abantukazana labhujiswa, futhi ngenxa yalokho isethi amabutho ku ziqu impahla kwakungenakwenzeka. Ngakho, ibutho wafuna abampofu. Futhi amasosha wakhonza kuphela amaholo futhi yayingekho eminye imithombo imali.

Uma kunqoba iwine phezu Teutons futhi Cimbri, eRoma zazingekho izitha sina amashumi eminyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngaphakathi Republic eziphikisanayo esebenzisa. Kuyinto ba - izimbangela zombango eRoma. Ayiqeda ukusungulwa kwamakhosi nge kulondolozwe ezinye indawo zelizwe.

Ukuqala zombango we iRoma ekupheleni 90-yalolucwaningo. Eyokuqala kubo okuthiwa Allied. Ngokushesha le mpi yombango kwalwiwa eRoma umbimbi Italian namagunya. Ukuze umise uhulumeni ukuphikiswa aphoqeleka ukuba ahlangane amavukelambuso. Ngenxa yalokho, umbimbi Italy wathola imvume yokuba izakhamuzi zaseRoma. Nokho, ngemva le mpi cishe ngokushesha kulandele olandelayo. A impi yombango eRoma entsha Kwalandela phakathi kwalolu hlangothi ahlukile, laso kwaba Sulla, kanye Democrats, umholi wawo wawuvame ukuba Gay uMariya.

ngasekupheleni Republic

izimpi zombango amaningi eRoma, ephelezelwa zokuchitha igazi akhethekile ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu iphelile. Lokhu kwaba, isibonelo, standoff futhi izikhulu Gracchi abazalwane. Ngonyaka 133 kwakukhona skirmish ngesikhathi Capitol. Ngokuhamba ke induna kukaTiberiyu Sempronius Gracchus futhi 300 grakhiantsev yawela ngqo ngesikhathi comitia ebulawa senators nabasekeli ezasekela kubo.

Ukulandela ukushayisana kwenzeka ngonyaka ka-121. Tribune wabantu noGayu Sempronius Gracchus futhi mayelana 3000 grakhiantsev bahlulwa ngesikhathi amabutho lokushaya Aventine, wanxusa ukuba isiGele saseRoma. Umlandeli Gracchus, Lucius Appuleius Saturninus, ngonyaka 100 elehla livela ezandleni optimates ku Storming we Capitol. Ukulandela ukushayisana ezenzeke eminyakeni 91-88 BC. e. Kwakuwusuku neMpi Komphakathi, okuyinto akumelanga kubhekwe ongekho empini, njengoba amaNtaliyane babengenalo yisakhamuzi.

UMarian futhi sullantsy

Impi yombango eRoma phakathi abasekeli Gaya UMariya no Sulla senzeka eminyakeni 88-87. Ngenxa yalokho yezimpi ebaleka. Nokho, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, sekube impi yombango eRoma entsha, ne iqhaza uMarian. Ngakho eminyakeni 87-83 kwakukhona umbuso. UMarian, esalulama ukunqotshwa langaphambilini, bambamba ngamandla. Ngo '87, kwakubikwa inxusa umzamo wokuketula umbuso Lucius Cornelius Cinna. Nokho, ukuvukela ukuyiveza Gnaeus Octavius. Ngenxa yalokho, Cinna waphoqeleka ukuba abalekele.

Esikhathini esifanayo oneminyaka engu-87 ukubuya weMari futhi livimbezela eRoma. Naye ngokushesha wajoyina Quintus Sertorius futhi Cinna. Ngalesi sikhathi lo mqedazwe waqala eRoma. ISigele ibutho, uyise uPompey sika ukufa, futhi igunya unikela. Ngemva kwalokho Octavia babulawe, futhi uMariya Cinna inxusa ngonyaka 86th. Okwesibili uzama ukuletha impi yokulwa Sulla, kodwa wabulawa ngesikhathi mutiny e Ancona. Noma kunjalo, impi entsha sasingagwemeki.

Imicimbi engu-83-77

Le mpi kwakwenzeka phakathi sullantsami noMarian ngo '83 Mari wafa, Sulla wakwazi ukuba luthathe eRoma. Ngakho '82 ngamisa wobushiqela.

Ukulandela ukwesula nokufa Sulla yaqala inkathi ngempela engazinzile. Phakathi ke, kwakukhona izingxabano eziningana. Ngakho eminyakeni 80-72 kwakukhona ukulwa isikhathi eside phakathi sullantsami futhi Quintus Sertorius (Marian). Ukunqoba owawuqondene umphakathi nezigele (sullantsami). Ngo '77 kwakukhona impi emfushane - kokuhlubuka kuka Lepidus. Mangisho ukuthi wayengeyona ngokusemthethweni uMarian. Ukungqubuzana yaphela nge ukumehlula sullantsev.

Okwesithathu oyisicashalala neMpi

Kwathi eminyakeni 74 / 73-71. Le ukungqubuzana baba enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu ngenkathi ukuphikisana yangaphakathi. Lo mbhikisho abathintekayo nezigqila, umholi wawo wawuvame uSpartacus. Nganqoba eRoma ibutho. Ngo-74 noma 73, e Capua, esikoleni izilwi, kwaphakama zungu. siphunyuke 78 amavukelambuso angu-200, kuhlanganise Spartak kuphela.

LamaGladiator Eqinisweni, lempi okhokhelwayo. Baphenduka balwa kuze kube sekufeni phambi kwezilaleli enkundleni. izilwi abanolwazi babe gugu kakhulu. I Sebawoti wabanakekela futhi wazikhandla ukuze ukuvimbela ukulahleka ezigqileni zabo. izilwi eziningi ezinjalo okulungiselelwe inkululeko. Nokho, abazi abayeka isikole, wahlala nabo njengoba othisha rudiariev. izilwi abaningi abanolwazi babe ekuvikelweni ebukhosini futhi iqhaza emzabalazweni phakathi qembu amaqembu, hhayi kuphela e-Rome kodwa kweminye imizi Italy.

USpartacus futhi ozakwabo zakhe, zazo ikakhulukazi wama phandle Oenomaus futhi Crixus, wanquma ukwakha abaningi nesandla esinamandla. Babefuna ukulwa emigomeni elilinganayo wamabutho aseRoma. Emlandweni akukho impendulo ngqo embuzweni ukuthi Spartak babehlele ukuletha lezi zihlubuki ensimini yase-Italy, lapho yena nebutho lakhe ukuthi bangazihlanganisa babe kunoma isiphi isimo nobudlova isevisi. Mhlawumbe wayezomvusa ukugumbuqela umbuso eRoma, ngokusekelwa abantukazana Italian nezigqila bekhululiwe, ngaleyo ndlela ekufezeni ukuthi zehlulekile nokuqalisa amaNtaliyane phakathi neMpi Komphakathi. Eminyakeni 63-62 kwakukhona ukuvukela Catiline. Uzungu uyaziwa ngokushesha bagqugquzela amabutho ukuthi asekelwe umphakathi nezigele kanye republic.

Tsezariantsy futhi Pompeians: ithebula

Izimpi zombango eRoma ngesikhathi sokubusa kaKhesari futhi ngemva kokubulawa lakhe ibingamashumi enobudlova kakhulu. Lokhu okulandelayo impi enkulu.

Izimpi phakathi tsezariantsami

Eminyakeni 41-40 iyimfazwe perusine. Kwaba khona abangu- uMark Antony futhi Octavian. Impi yaphela nge ukubuyisana amaqembu aphikisanayo. Impi wokugcina Republic Roman kwenziwa eminyakeni 32-30. It futhi abathintekayo Octavian futhi sithi uMark Antony. Kule mpi, futhi owesibili wahlulwa.