Artyom (Sergeyev Fedor Andreevich) - wamavukelambuso Russian: Biography

Ukudalelwa selihlanganise lemali lo muntu omkhulu yokuvivinywa zaziyokwazi ngokwanele kwabanye. Kuvele kwamaBolshevik oshisekayo, abaholi ngokokuziphatha engaguquki abasebenzi wamavukelambuso '- Artem Sergeev ngenxa yezinkolelo zakhe zezombusazwe ngokuphindaphindiwe waya "sasebukhosini" setilongweni. Kodwa Amaphoyisa kaningi zizalwa zingazange ukukhokhela ukuya abaphikisi olandelayo tsarism: kuye lizimelele isimo "esiyivelakancane '. Ngisho phesheya, umsekeli Lenin bahileleke umzabalazo wokulwa ukuxhashazwa, despotism nobushiqela, okuyinto, ngokusho imibono wobukhomanisi, it is itshalwe wobunxiwankulu uhlelo. Yini ngempela ukuhamba wamavukelambuso Artem Sergeev, kanjani ukuphila kwakhe yaphela? Cabangela le mibuzo kabanzi.

Imininingwane omlando womuntu

Fedor Andreevich Sergeev - ozalwa nayo. Glebovo (endaweni Milenkovskaya Fatezhsky County), ngokwendawo etholakala esifundazweni eKursk. Wazalwa ngo-March 19, 1883 emndenini Private Umakhi kwezinkontileka. Lapho ufika eminyakeni 9 ubudala waqala ukufunda izisekelo esikoleni kwesayensi isikole sangempela. Yena ugxile ulwazi efana isiponji, futhi ngenxa yalokho waphumelela ukwenza izinto, futhi ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, ukhetha ukuba ezindaweni zomphakathi. Ikakhulu, i-wamavukelambuso esizayo bathandile ukuchitha yokuzilibazisa isikhathi sabo phakathi kwezisebenzi, obesebenza omunye izimboni isitini.

Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, Artem Sergeev wazibuza ukuthi kungani abakhi kuqhuma esithandweni nezisebenzi ezithile zonyaka, ukusebenza cishe ubusuku nemini njengezigqila. Umfana wayengazi ngemvelaphi ekungalinganini emphakathini labantu "Kwesokunxele" ukubukwa. Ukuxhumana Social Democrats buvezwa izinkolelo zakhe zezombusazwe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, fighter esizayo ubulungiswa uzoqala umzabalazo esebenzayo ukulwa nombuso tsarist, nokulinganisa amalungelo zonke. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba engena wedolobha Imperial Technical School (manje MSTU. Bauman) nguMnyango Mechanical.

Ukuboshwa lokuqala

Ngemva kokufunda isikhathi esithile, le nsizwa zahlangana le RSDLP (b). party yakhe uhlela ukubonakaliswa umfundi namagunya. Yiqiniso, Artem Sergeev ithatha ingxenye ngqo kulo. Ngokwemvelo, isenzo esinjalo esingabathinta kungaqashelwa. Le nsizwa waxoshwa inyuvesi, ngaphezu kwalokho, hlenga yakhe endlini amaphoyisa Yauza. Russian Themis wayengekho obuhle zihlubuki: abayisithupha kubona bayiswa ejele kanye nabanye babezimisele 'ejele. " Amalungu ezilandisiwe le RSDLP (b), Artem, wayiswa ejele Voronezh.

Ukushayela phesheya

Ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi esifanele, wamavukelambuso abasha, banquma ukuba baqhubeke nezifundo zabo phesheya, njengoba ukuba umfundi ezweni lakubo, lapho yayisivele akuvumelekile. Ngo-1902, Fedor Andreevich Sergeev ethunyelwe inhlokodolobha isiFulentshi, lapho engena Russian Higher School of Social Sciences Kovalevsky. Parallel kule, utadisha bese ihlaziya Leninist imfundiso yokuziphendukela isimo sizoba ngcono, kakhudlwana futhi eqiniseka kakhudlwana ngokunemba yayo.

homecoming

Ngemva kokutadisha phesheya Artem Sergeev, ogama biography iqukethe eziningi ezithakazelisayo futhi emangalisayo, ngibuyela Russia. Entwasahlobo ka-1903, insizwa ethile ensimini ka Donbass uphaka i imisebenzi asebenzayo wamavukelambuso. Ngo elinye lamalokishi Ekaterinoslav sifundazwe, yena uhlela iseli enkulu Social Democratic Party of ukubaluleka zesifunda, okuyinto oyongena oda namadoda angamakhulu amane. Ngokushesha izinguquko Russian, kanye nengane yabo iqhaza isiteleka May Day. Ngemva kwesikhashana Sergeev uqale ngenkuthalo ezikhankasela Soviet abasebenzi amandla ujantshi, abavukuzi ku Berestovo-Bogodukhov okwami, etholakala eduze Yuzovka. Kuyinto kule ndawo nomphakathi bangamnika isidlaliso - Iqabane Artem.

ukuvukela Yokuvukela laseKharkov

Ekuqaleni kuka-1905 i-Leninist abasha ethunyelwe laseKharkov. Lapha akudalile isakhiwo wamavukelambuso ngokuthi "Okulandelayo." Kulomuzi, walungisa ngokucophelela zabhikisha ahlomile. Futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, cishe zamyisa. Kwakuhlelwe ukuthi mcimbi uzoqala efektri "Helfer Sad" Disemba 12, 1905. Nokho, ukuhlubuka wazi kusengaphambili gendarmerie. Ngenxa yalokho, abangaba ngu-30 abaholi Uzungu bafakwe esitokisini, futhi insimu yonke ibhizinisi iye sizungezwe amaphoyisa.

ukuboshwa yesibili

Ngemva tulo labhuntsha, Iqabane u-Artem lokuqala uya kuPetru, bese Urals. Ngokushesha kuba lilunga IV Party Congress, owawuse-inhloko-dolobha Swedish. Wayelethwa kamuva esimisiwe yokuzijabulisa umsebenzi ku Permian iKomiti RSDLP (b). Artem Sergeev futhi luwele ezandleni 'amaphoyisa Tsarist imfihlo ", okuyinto upryachet kuye ejele. Ekupheleni 1909 izinguquko kunqunywa ukubhekisela Eastern eSiberia (Isifundazwe sase-Irkutsk), uyakunikela ukukhonza ukuphila.

futhi phesheya

Ngokushesha ephunyuka ejele. Okokuqala, kuyoba njalo nasezinsukwini Japan ke Korea ke China futhi ekugcineni e-Australia. Kunokuba babevelaphi nokuthi ekudingisweni kwakudingeka asebenze njengendlela Loader, nesisebenzi. Kodwa izwe, washiya baqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe izinguquko. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Sergeev waba umholi we-Union of abasebenzi Russian abakwamanye amazwe. Wasungula ukuhlelwa edition eprintiwe "I-echo-Australia", ngaleyo ndlela ofeza inkulumo-ze nemibono lamaKhomanisi.

futhi, Russia

Ngemva kwezenzakalo-February 1917 Fyodor waphindela kwelakubo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, wayemi "oshayelayo" we kwamaBolshevik Committee Kharkiv Council. Ngesikhathi iqembu elilandelayo Congress Sergeeva akhethwe leKomiti Central. Ngo-October uyothatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kokugumbuqelwa kombuso ubudala. Ngemva wamavukelambuso uzoqala ukusebenza ukusungulwa uhulumeni omusha e-Ukraine. Uyena owanikeza igunya isiphelo sesimiso le Brest ukuthula. Ngemva kulwiwa, uye wazikhandla ukuze usubuyiselwe Donbass ezimayini.

Kakhulu ukusekela ulayini Lenin, Iqabane u-Artem ku 20s ekuseni baqala ukugxeka inqubomgomo Lva Trotskogo futhi umsebenzi ukuphikiswa. Ngemva kwalokho waba ikhanda leKomiti Central we All-Russian Union of Mineworkers. Sergeyev bafa lapho ukuhlolwa kwenziwa aerovagona ngubani ngaphandle kwesizathu aphazamisa. Fedor Andreevich Sergeev engcwabeni mass Red Square.

ukuphila Siqu

Revolutionary wayeshade Elizabeth Lvovna. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe yena wasala yedwa nendodana yakhe engu izinyanga ezine. Ngemva kwalokho, kuyoba e Nalchik sofuba kulesi sibhedlela, okuyinto brainchild wakhe. Futhi unikezwa lifakazela okuthunyelwe wemfanelo kakhulu kuleli zwe: usihlalo Oblzdrav, ikhanda wefektri yendwangu, inhloko yabangamashumi ukwelashwa ezibhedlela. INdodana Fyodor Andreyevich - Artem - ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile uyonikwa ekunakekelweni umndeni kukaJoseph Stalin. Wakhushulelwa jikelele, izobamba iqhaza seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, wonke amabutho usekela ukunyakaza yabashokobezi.