Henry Valois 3: Biography kanye nokubusa

– герцог Анжуйский (до 1574 г.), король Речи Посполитой (1573-1574 гг.), король Франции (с 1574 г.) и, наконец, последний из династии Валуа. Henry Valois 3 - UMbusi Anjou (kufika ku 1574), inkosi e-Commonwealth (1573-1574 GG.), Inkosi yakwa-France (kusukela 1574), futhi ekugcineni, owokugcina Valois lwamakhosi. Izazi-mlando isibili bayakwazisa lo muntu. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ukuthi lalibhekwa njengendawo playboy, bangane abaqotho ababenolwazi ayeke imikhuba emibi nokuphila amaphutha. Nokho, abacwaningi kamuva ukusho ukuthi uHenry III kwakuhluke kakhulu - a Umbusi ohlakaniphile futhi lesichubekako. было таким же глупым, как и все религиозные войны. Murder 3 uHenry Valois kwaba njengoba oyisiphukuphuku njengoba zonke izimpi zenkolo. Futhi manje mayelana konke ukuze. Namuhla ngeke bathambekele eyodwa noma elinye ikamu mlando, kodwa bheka nje ngalesi ngokuqinisekile umuntu ezithakazelisayo, kusukela umbono amaqiniso.

ebuntwaneni

Septhemba 19, 1551 emndenini uHenry II nendodana umkakhe Ekateriny Medichi yesithathu wazalwa. Wayelethwa u-Edward-Aleksandru ngokushesha yathola "UMbusi Anjou" isihloko. Amathuba ukuthi umfana ayezoba iNkosi yawo, sasingesihle kakhulu, ngoba nginabafowethu ababili abadala kunami. Ngezipikili bobusha Henry (akumelwe kudidaniswe, sikubiza hero yethu ngakho), kanye nezinye izingane omkhaya, ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ngu bazalwane, ayevelele uthando imisebenzi ephathekayo - emidansweni uthango. Mhlawumbe kungenxa ukuvivinya umzimba Genrih Ros guy ezinzima futhi waba yisisulu sofuba, okuyinto elabulala abafowabo nodadewabo. Cabanga nje: ezinganeni eziyishumi ngasinda Ekaterinu kuphela Medichi, uHenry udadewabo omncane Margaret.

intsha

Ngaphandle nokudansa uthango, uHenry ayekuthanda ukufunda ngenkuthalo wafunda ulimi Italian kanye mpendulo. Wayekhuthele nenhle kakhulu futhi kakhulu kunabazalwane, lokho ngokushesha baba intandokazi kukamama. Ugogo wabiza uNathan "ukhozi yami encane."

Ngo 1560, ngesikhathi joust ngengozi Kushone uHenry II. indawo yakhe esihlalweni sobukhosi wathatha endala - Francis II. Lapho esanda yinkosi wabulawa isifo, kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo indodana yesibili ka-Catherine - uCharles IX. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala wokubusa kwakhe ezweni empeleni wagijima Ekaterina Medichi (at Regent Rights). Ngaleso sikhathi, wayeseke wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi akuyona Carl yocingo njengoba uHenry. Ngenxa yalokhu phakathi kwabazalwane ababili kwamiswa ezingasehlela akuyona indlela engcono.

Esikhathini kusuka 1564 kuya 1566 hero indaba yethu waya France kanye nazo zonke umculo esigodlweni sayo. Phakathi nalolo hambo, waba nabangane nge-Henry wase-Navarre - umzala wakhe.

Sicu lesitsi lokuqala

Ngo-1566, uHenry oneminyaka engu-15 ubudala wabelwa ibhodi ezintathu we Duchy. Ngemva konyaka, lapho impi yenkolo, wanikwa isikhundla sokuba umkhuzi jikelele futhi waqokwa umkhuzi abakhulu kwezinhloko zamaviyo wasebukhosini. Yiqiniso, lo mfana wasiza ngabaholi bezempi nakho okwengeziwe, kodwa izwi lokugcina, wayehlale losalela emuva. Ngenxa yalesi ekuqaleni kwenkonzo yakhe yezempi, uHenry uye wathola enomlando wokuba umholi ohlakaniphile. Kubangelwe amandla, ubuhlakani kanye ithalente yezinsizwa amabutho wenkosi izikhathi eziningana inqobe kwasani Owayengamele ibutho le amaHuguenot.

не любил ратное дело. Naphezu impumelelo lempi, uHenry Valois 3 abathandanga feat izikhali. Thanda umama wakhe, + wayeneminyaka umsekeli izindlela ezinokuthula zokuxazulula ukungezwani, futhi babekhetha ahileleke kakhulu kwezombangazwe. Ngokushesha Catherine waphikelela ngoba uHenry wasungula okuthunyelwe quartermaster-jikelele, okuyinto ngempumelelo wamvumela ukuba ahlanganyele ukubusa umfowabo nonina.

Ngo 1750, lapho amaKatolika benze ukuthula no-the amaHuguenot, emkhandlwini uCharles IX wabonakala Admiral Coligny - Umholi amaProthestani. Ngokushesha wakwazi ukunqoba phezu kwenkosi, bese kuthi ukuwudlulisela kuye ubuhle umqondo ukungqubuzana kabusha Spain. Ngenxa yethonya lezingane Coligny ku uCharles IX, Catherine noHenry isikhashana, balahlekelwa isisindo kwabo kwezombusazwe. I Admiral kwaba phakathi amazwe zobuProthestani Europe (ikakhulukazi Britain) futhi yamaKatolika France. Ngenxa yalokho yomgomo Coligny France baba ngikhethe le nempi yaseSpain noma enye futhi impi yombango ne amaHuguenot.

Ngokwe-izibalo abeluleki ezempi, impi entsha ne-Spain esingabulethela France fiasco. A resumption of ukungaboni ngaso linye kwezenkolo kwaba kakhulu engathandeki ezweni bekhathele beyingcuba ngenxa yezinxushunxushu. Ngakho-ke, uma umzamo wokuqala ukubulala Coligny kwadalwa Catherine noHenry benza kuphela kohlaka izithakazelo yembuso. Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi ngalezo zinsuku eYurophu babe nemibono ezidumile Machiavelli. Catherine wabelane futhi bazama ukuba ningangenisi izingane efanayo umoya. Kungenzeka ukuthi imibono enjalo babonisa Day St noBartolomewu sika.

St noBartolomewu futhi inhliziyo ephukile

Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi zehlakalo ezimbi kohlaka ekuqiniseni ubudlelwane phakathi kwamaProthestani namaKatolika babe imishado emibili. был обручен с Марией Киевской. Eyokuqala yalezi, omunye abaholi amaHuguenot - iSikhulu Condé - eyingoduso uMaria Kiev. Wakhuliswa emoyeni amaProtestani, kodwa iminyaka eminingi kwaba khona esigodlweni uCharles IX. Henry walithanda inkanuko Mary, kodwa unina ngeke makathabathe intombazane ukuze athole umfazi. Ngaphandle kwakukhona izizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, ozalwa UMariya wayengeke ngokwanele zasebukhosini. Futhi okwesibili, wonke umuntu wayazi ukuthi abe ngumkakhe, Prince de Conde. . Ukulalela intando umama umphakathi, uHenry Valois 3 izwi ephansi inhliziyo.

Ngemva ukubhuqwa abesabekayo St noBartolomewu impi entsha yenkolo baba ngenakugwemeka. AmaHuguenot abakhethiwe njengoba yindawo inqaba La Rochelle e eningizimu yeFrance. Henry III kwadingeka ukuba ngibuyele ku ezindabeni zezempi nize ezindongeni inqaba ngo-February 1573 ngasekhanda yebutho wasebukhosini. Imizamo lokuvimbezela nangokwakha Storming le nqaba yaba yize. Futhi ehlobo ekuqaleni, uHenry kwadingeka ukuba asuke izindonga La Rochelle ePoland. Ungena "washesha" lesi sivumelwano ukuthula, lo muntu waya phesheya.

esiphakeme

Yini ebangele lokhu ekubalekeni? Iqiniso lokuthi uHenry III wakhethwa inkosi yasePoland. Catherine cranked kule adventure, lapho elwa. Kugcine Korol Sigizmund II wafa izindlalifa wayengasekho. Ukukhetha lelitimele entsha wawela izikhulu Polish. I Olwa sesibili esiphakeme kwaba iNkosana u-Ernest Habsburg. Ngenxa izenzakalo zamuva, idumela kwamakhosi French ePoland wawa, ngoba lapha iningi labantu athambekele ekusebenziseni amaProtestani. Noma kunjalo, Ekaterina Medichi yanquma ukuthi sobukhosi Ungamlimazi uHenry. Indodana ophumelele okhethweni, waya Poland Bishop Zhana De Montluc, abazikhandlayo ukuze abe neNkosi yakwa-Poland uHenry.

Ngokushesha kwaba sobala ukuthi izikhulu Polish, ngokukhetha umbusi wabo uHenry III, imnike kuphela amandla bokuzisholo. Lokhu akazijabulisanga le nkosi wokuvelela nonina. Henry waqala ukungabaza sobukhosi Polish futhi waqala izingxoxo eside. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo 1573 iNkosi njengamanje waseFrance uqala ukulimaza futhi baphoqwa ukuba aqoke umfowabo, indlalifa yobukhosi. Iqiniso lokuthi indodana uCharles IX kwaba bastard, umshado esisemthethweni wamnika indodakazi kuphela. Ngo-December walowo nyaka ofanayo uHenry namanje wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi basePoland kancane sashiya izwe lakubo.

Kuphela ngoJanuwari 1574 inkosi entsha safika ePoland, lapho ngokushesha wathatha wokugcotshwa zakhe ezimangalisayo. сталкивается с целым рядом трудностей. Ngokushesha uHenry Valois 3 ubhekene eziningana nobunzima. Okokuqala, iPhalamende kanye isiGele labetibambile wonke amandla ezandleni zabo, okuyinto abathintekayo ukuziqhenya hero yethu. Futhi okwesibili, yena wayefuna ukushada UPrincess Anne - Udade oneminyaka engu-48 ubudala, umbusi ngasekupheleni. Zemikhaya evelele ukuze kushwelezwe izikhonzi zakhe, esanda inkosi yaqala ukuphila njengomuntu Pole kweqiniso. Lokhu kwakumenza akwazi ukuthutha sithole isikhathi. Yini wawuzosha, omunye nje ukuthi nokwami, kusukela ehlobo lika-1754 uyafa uCharles the IX, uHenry, ngemva kwezinsuku ezine kokuthola incwadi evela kumama wakhe nezindaba eshiya ngasese Poland.

iposi athandwayo futhi lomshado

France, uHenry wafika ngasekuqaleni kuka ekwindla, eye wachitha endleleni eziningi emihlanganweni futhi nezingxoxo. Kube ezwa ukuthi iNkosi Conde wabalekela eJalimane, hhayi kanye nokusekela komkayo. Ugqozi wangaphambili olwaqubuka esifubeni uHenry III, futhi wayezimisele ukukhumbuza Mary okwamanje. Umama uye wazikhandla ukuze ngilibale okwamanje lokuhlangana yabo. Yena waba nenhlanhla ngoba ekupheleni Okthoba ngawo lowo nyaka uMaria wafa ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Izindaba ngokufa okubuhlungu othandekayo yatholwa uHenry III, okwaphumela ukucindezeleka isikhathi eside. Yizikhonzi, ejwayele amasiko khulula futhi wagconwa yinkosi yesikhathi esizayo.

Februwari 13 ngonyaka ozayo, uHenry III egcotshwa. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili ayefisa ukuzimela elivela kumama, washada Luize De Vodsmon, uhlobo lwe nokungelona yizicukuthwane kakhulu. Louise kwaba ngendlela emangalisayo esokuba ithembeke kumkayo. Inkinga kuphela ezibhekene ukuphila komkhaya wabo omusha - ukungakwazi ukuba nezingane. Cishe, uLouise wayeyinyumba, kodwa abantu besikhathi kaHenry umsolwa waba yakhe, ikhalela yokuntuleka asizalwanga ngokuphinga, ubani ngalezo zinsuku yayingokwemvelo. Ngenxa yalokhu inkosi yaqala ukuba singaphethi yobungqingili.

был глубоко убежден в том, что бесплодие – это божье наказание за случайные связи, в которых он не раз участвовал ранее. Inkosi uqobo lwayo Gentry 3 Valois wayeqiniseka kakhulu ukuthi ukungazali - lena isijeziso sikaNkulunkulu sokuba nobuhlobo obuvamile, lapho ayevame iqhaza ngaphambili. Monarch ngisho ngafunga ukuthi yena ukuba sigweme izenzo ezinjalo esikhathini esizayo. Eyesibili isizathu esenza inkosi kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso zobungqingili, kuwukuziphatha sakhe esimangalisayo. Henry III kwaba nenhle kakhulu futhi wayethanda bagqoke up, ukugqoka namacici, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwempepho. . I-agumenti lwesithathu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu esivuna amahemuhemu steel EPS uHenry 3 Valois. iqembu yabo yayihlanganisa intsha ezine ababezijabulisa umusa okhethekile umbusi. . Yini eyenza ukuba ubuhlobo obunjalo - noma impumelelo okusezingeni eliphezulu kodwa ubuhlobo obuseduze - wayebazi 3 uHenry Valois futhi amanxusa akhe. Esikwaziyo ukuthi izintandokazi wathuthukisa ukuziphatha inkanuko maqondana nezinye izicukuthwane. Kubo, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho blushed 3 uHenry Valois. – один из фаворитов, служащий придворным шутом, – позволял себе говорить с монархом и его гостями, как с друзьями. Chico - omunye izintandokazi, ukukhonza enkantolo jester - wavuma ukuyokhuluma naye okuthiwa i-monarch izivakashi njengabangane bakhe. Futhi yabaleka nalo.

которого прекратились после женитьбы, имел нетрадиционную сексуальную ориентацию. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa sekungamakhulu eminyaka kukholakala ukuthi Korol Genrih Valois 3, zothando okuyinto saphela emva komtshado, waba non-bendabuko ubulili. Kamuva izazimlando ziye zangabaza lokho kugomela. надолго укоренились в истории. Noma kunjalo amanxusa kukaHenry Valois 3 okuzinze emlandweni unaphakade.

kabusha

Ukuba namandla yazuza, esanda kwenziwa yinkosi yaseFrance Kwangithatha yezinguquko ethembisa ezindaweni intela, ukuhlonipha lempi nemithetho ngokwesiko. Nokho, ngenxa isimo esishubile esimweni akabange esaba naso isikhathi eyisebenzisa.

Ngo-1576, ngemva ukuxoxisana amaHuguenot, inkosi wasayina myalo, uzitshela kutholakala inkululeko engokwenkolo ngo zonke eFrance. Document Catholic okubangelwa ukuphendula enobudlova. Badale league yabo, eliholwa Genrih Giz. Ngenxa yalokho, kuye kwaba nezimpi ezimbili ezilandelanayo yombango. Ngo 1580, isimo uhlaliseke, futhi inkosi yaqala ukuba banake kakhulu inkolo. Yena ngaphambilini kwaba uHenry bayithanda kakhulu inkolo, kodwa manje zenkolo yafinyelela umvuthwandaba. izitha Abaningi babekholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela ukuthi uzama ukufihla amaphutha abo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkosi ihlelwe elangenza ezimbili, elimalungu alo ukuqoqa kanye ngesonto ukuthandaza ngisho wahlanganyela self-sokuhlushwa. Ukuze uthando olufanayo uHenry inkolo ngokuthi inkosi-indela.

elinye Icebo lika

Ngemva kweminyaka emine lapho kuqala impi yombango lokugcina, okungalindelekile kwenzekile: UFrancis wafa - ungumfowabo omncane inkosi. Ngakho, indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi baba Genrih Navarrsky (Navarra mlando baye bambiza, akumelwe aphanjaniswe no-Henry III). Ngemva kokunqikaza kakhulu, inkosi Navarre namanje neyaziwayo owalandela. Lokhu indlalifa enqumayo ungathandi iSonto League, kusukela sekunesikhathi eside umholi amaHuguenot. Spain asekelwe ukuba kuhlanganwe namaKatolika. Ngakho, ngo-1585 Korol Genrih 3 nonina abekade izinsongo twin (zangaphakathi nezangaphandle). Babefanele ngemvume esimemezelweni enqabela rites amaProthestani. Ngokuzenzakalelayo Navarre balahlekelwa ithuba lokuba kube owalandela okwakufanele abe inkosi. Lokhu indima okunikezwe Cardinal Charles Bourbon.

Navarre waqala empini, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i nempi ezintathu Henry (Valois, Navarre futhi Giza). Inkosi wazithola esesimweni esinzima, okuyinto ikakhulukazi ukucasulwa Okthoba 20, 1587. Kulesi suku of Navarre wahlasela amaKatolika ngaphansi Kotre. лишь благодаря своей хитрости смог уберечь католиков от полного краха. INkosi France uHenry Valois 3 kuphela ngenxa ngobuqili bayo angabavikela amaKatolika kusukela kokuwa ngokuphelele. Wakhokha Amasosha ephikisana labo okwamanje juqu impi ahlehla. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokunqotshwa at Kotre King futhi kwadingeka ngisayine umyalo ka inkululeko of inkolelo.

Izinduna zamisa imithetho kwaqubula imibhikisho phakathi izakhamuzi osevele nabo abazange bajabule kakhulu, umbusi wabo. Wamangalelwa ngokuvukela zonke izinkinga - kokubili komphakathi kanye nezinkampani ezizimele. Genrih Giz lavuselelwa mkhulu phakathi umphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-May 12, 1588 sama ihlelwe ukuhlubuka. Lolu suku uma kamuva ngokuthi "usuku ngothango." Catherine waphinda yabonisa ithalente lakhe lezombusazwe. It wangena izingxoxo eside nezihlubuki, futhi ngaleyo ndlela iwine isikhathi uHeinrich ukuba Paris kwesokunxele. Kamuva, yena okuqaliswe ukwamukelwa of ngumkhwenyana wenkosi umshana wakhe, obuye indodana yomfowabo ka-Giza. Kwakuyoba sihlanganise izithakazelo ezimbili uHenry.

Inkosi kwakudingeka alalele iSonto League futhi ukwenza Giza ULieutenant-Gen. Kuleli endleleni kwamandla sama ikhula kuphela. Laba bantu ababhekana nakho ekuhlazisweni njalo yenkosi nazo ngokukhululekile ethunyelwe ephathelene nokuphatha izindela. которого стала предметом нашего сегодняшнего разговора, не намерен был сдаваться. Naphezu ngokuzithoba sobala, 3 uHenry Valois, ogama biography kwaba ekhulunywe yethu namuhla, wayecabanga ukuthi ngeke give up.

Riposte nemiphumela yayo

isikhathi sokudla sokuziphindiselela yethulwa kuleli Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo lika-1588. Armada Spanish fiasco belwa imikhumbi English bathikamezeka ukusekelwa the Catholic League. Ngobusuku buka-23 kuya ku-24 Agasti Heinrich 3 ngaphambilini ukubulala sama nomfowabo. Lokhu kwamvulela ithuba lokunikeza ukuvukela ezinkulu. League amaKatolika wathatha amandla e-Paris ezandleni zabo, futhi le nkosi, kwakudingeka ahambe ngoba umfelandawonye Navarre. Amabili uHenry wayesehlasela emadolobheni edlubulundayo.

Giza izihlobo yanxusa isihe, futhi abapristi bamaKatolika wanxusa amalungu esonto ukuba aziphindiselele ngokubulala. Ngaqala ukufuna umuntu owayengakwazi alinge abe "isandla sobulungisa baphezulu." Thola isicelo kwaba impela nje phakathi abashisekeli lamaKatolika. Zaba monk oneminyaka engu-22 ubudala Zhak Kleman.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ibutho kaHenry evimbezela Paris. ikamu Royal wazinza Edolobhaneni laseSaint-Google. Jacques Wafika khona ngo-August 31. Ezibiza yinxusa iNhlangano amaKatolika, wacela i-izilaleli wasebukhosini. Inkosi, owayehlale ozama ukuba ohlakaniphile, wavumelana indela. Ngo emphethweni wengubo yakhe Clement ukuthi angababulali kufihlwe. Ezohlangabeza inkosi, uJacques beza kuye ukuletha incwadi evela League. Kuleli qophelo, wakhokha uHenry imivimbo nge angababulali esiswini. Vera Klemana e ungowaphezulu isenzo sakhe sasisikhulu kangangokuba akazange ngisho zizama ukubaleka. Ezokuphepha, weza ekhuphuka egijima izindlebe singakulaleli ukukhala kwendalo inkosi, khona-ke mina baziphindiselele indela.

было предоставлено дилетанту, поэтому король скончался лишь на следующий день. Ukubulawa kukaHenry III weValois kwanikezwa kumamateur, ngakho-ke inkosi yafa ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngaphambi kokufa, wanikeza isihlalo sobukhosi eNararre. , поэтому другого выбора у него не было. UHenry 3 - owokugcina waseValois , ngakho wayengekho enye inqumo. Weluleka umlandeli wakhe ukuqeda izingxabano zenkolo futhi wamukele inkolo yamaKatolika. I-Navarre ilandele iseluleko, kodwa emva kweminyaka engu-4.

Isiphetho

которого стала темой данной статьи, был неординарным правителем, полководцем, героем балов и знатоком религии, который вызывает двоякие эмоции. UHenry 3 Valois, owaziwa yilo ngqikithi, waba ngumlawuli omangalisayo, umlawuli, iqhawe lamabhola kanye nomholi wenkolo, okubangela imizwelo emibili. Noma kunjalo, iqiniso lokuthi wenza izinto eziningi ezibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni empeleni. UHenry waba ngowokugcina emndenini wamakhosi, owabusa u-261, futhi lokhu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wayenabanye abafowethu nodadewethu abambalwa. которого перечислены в начале статьи, успел пережить 9 гражданских войн. UHenry 3 Valois, ogama lakhe lohulumeni abhalwe ohlwini ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, waphumelela ukusinda izimpi ezingu-9 zomphakathi. Phakathi neminyaka engu-27 yeminyaka engu-38 yokuphila kwalowo muntu kwakukhona izingxabano zenkolo. Futhi ukubulawa kweGiza kubhekwa njengenye yezinsolo ezedume kakhulu ezombusazwe emlandweni. Yingakho uHenry 3 Valois evela ezincwadini eziningi kangaka . Idokhumenti. о нем тоже есть. Ifilimu ngaye, naye.