Hellas - lena eGrisi lasendulo. Umlando, isiko namaqhawe yaseGrisi

Hellas - Greece yigama lasendulo. Lesi simo saba nomthelela obalulekile ukuqhubeka Europe. Kukulo muzi lapho okokuqala lapho kwakuyinto ezifana "intando yeningi", sabekwa kukhona isisekelo isiko emhlabeni, kwakheka izici eziyinhloko nefilosofi theory, adalwe imisebenzi ayetholakala yobuciko. Hellas - lokhu kuyinto izwe emangalisayo futhi umlando wayo ugcwele izimfihlo kanye izimfihlakalo. Kulolu shicilelo uzothola amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo kakhulu kusukela esikhathini esidlule yaseGrisi.

Umlando Greece

Emlandweni eGrisi lasendulo isinqumo ukwaba nezikhathi ezinhlanu: Mycenaean, Yobumnyama, le zakudala, Classical futhi amaGreki. Ake sicabangele ngayinye yalezi zinkulumo ngokuningiliziwe.

isikhathi Crete-Mycenaean lihlotshaniswa zokwakheka umbuso wokuqala eziqhingini-Aegean Sea. Ngokohlelo lwezikhathi, basibekele iminyaka 3000-1000. BC. e. Kulesi sigaba kukhona Minoan nempucuko Mycenaean.

Inkathi Zobumnyama ngokuthi "Homeric". Lesi sigaba sokugcina libhekene yokuncipha kokubaluleka Minoan nempucuko Mycenaean, kanye ukwakheka predpolisnyh izakhiwo lokuqala. Mayelana nalesi sikhathi imithombo neze ukusho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi neNkathi Dark libhekene yokuncipha kokubaluleka isiko, umnotho kanye nokulahlekelwa lokubhala.

Zakudala isikhathi - isikhathi ukwakheka izinqubomgomo esemqoka kanye ukunwetshwa emhlabeni Hellenic. I VIII. BC. e. ikoloni ngesiGreki Omkhulu iqala. Phakathi nale nkathi, ukuncipha Kwakuhlala amaGreki kulo ogwini ngamazwe aseMedithera nase Black iziLwandle. Phakathi zakudala ungeze amafomu ekuseni yobuciko Hellenic.

Classical isikhathi - lena sokuthuthwa kwempahla ngesiGreki lizisho, umnotho sabo namasiko. V-IV cc. BC. e. kukhona welithi "intando yeningi". Esikhathini esiyiminyaka classical kukhona umcimbi enkulu kunazo wezempi emlandweni Greece - izimpi isiGreki Persian futhi Peloponnesian.

Isikhathi yamaGreki besihambisana nesiminyaminya ukuxhumana eduze abanamasiko isiGreki Eastern. Ngalesi sikhathi, lapho zom yobuciko kuleli zwe Aleksandra Makedonskogo. Isikhathi yamaGreki yomlando ngesiGreki waqhubeka kwaze kwaba ukusungulwa kwe-kokubusa kwamaRoma eMedithera.

Imizi edume kakhulu Greece

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-Greece endulo uwukakabi isimo enobunye. Hellas - ezweni elalakhiwe izinqubomgomo eziningi. Endulo, inqubomgomo ngokuthi umuzi-state. indawo yakhe ihlanganisa enkabeni yedolobha kanye nabadansi (settlement yezolimo). inqubomgomo ukuphathwa Political lase lithengwe weSigungu Sikazwelonke kanye noMkhandlu. Zonke lizisho zazihlukile futhi ngokuya labantu futhi ubukhulu zensimu.

Izinqubomgomo abadumile kakhulu yeGrisi yasendulo - kuyinto e-Athene Sparta (Sparta).

• Athens - eGreece sombuso wentando yeningi. Le nqubomgomo wahlala zefilosofi ezidumile izimbongi, amaqhawe Greece, kanye abaculi abadumile.
• Sparta - ngesibonelo esiphawulekayo isimo ahlukile. Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu inqubomgomo labantu kwaba impi. Lapha kulapho isiyalo wabeka isisekelo kanye amaqhinga empi, abese esetshenziswa Aleksandrom Makedonskim.

Isiko Ancient Greece

indima wobunye esaba ngoba isiko isimo abadlale izinganekwane kanye izinganekwane yaseGrisi yasendulo. sphere ngamunye wokuphila amaGreki wayeyizwa umqondo jikelele ubuNkulunkulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izisekelo inkolo yamaGreki asendulo evelile esikhathini Mycenaean. In parallel izinganekwane futhi zenkolo nemikhuba khona - imihlatshelo emikhosini yenkolo, wawuhambisana nosizi.

Kusukela izinganekwane ke futhi kuhlobene yasendulo yesiGreki etemibhalo isiko, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, umculo.

Ngo Hellas ayenziwa ukuhlela zasemadolobheni kanye wadala ensembles amahle yezakhiwo.

Izibalo kunazo owaziwa namaqhawe yaseGrisi

• Inhlanganiso yocezuningi - the wemithi yaseNtshonalanga. Nguye owasungula lesikole wezokwelapha, okuyinto eyaba nomthelela kakhuul phezu imithi lasendulo.
• Phidias - omunye Okugweda edume kakhulu kwenkathi classical. He is nombhali esinye sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa zezwe - esifanekisweni kaZeyusi Olympian.
• Democritus - uyise yesayensi yanamuhla, sefilosofi esidumile ngesiGreki. He kubhekwa umsunguli kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela-athomu - inkolelo yokuthi izinto ezibonakalayo zenziwe ngama-athomu.
• UHerodotus - uyise womlando. Watadisha imisuka kanye nemicimbi izimpi yamaGreki WasePheresiya. Waba yini umphumela walesi cwaningo edumile umsebenzi "Umlando".
• Archimedes - sezibalo ngesiGreki, isazi sesayensi yemvelo futhi sezinkanyezi.
• Pericles - i sikahulumeni oluvelele. Wenza umnikelo obalulekile ekuthuthukiseni lesi Polis Athene.
• UPlato - a sefilosofi esidumile eyiqaphuqaphu. Nguye owasungula lesikhungo lokuqala zemfundo eNtshonalanga Yurophu - Academy kaPlato e-Athens.
• Aristotle - omunye obaba wefilosofi Western. Izinto azibhala zaba efaka cishe zonke izici zomphakathi.

Inani impucuko ngesiGreki ekuthuthukiseni isiko emhlabeni

Hellas - ezweni eye yaba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni isiko emhlabeni. Lapha azalelwa imiqondo ezifana 'ifilosofi' futhi "intando yeningi", wabeka isisekelo isayensi emhlabeni. Ukumelwa zomhlaba amaGreki, imithi, tinhlangano temphakatsi kanye womuntu nomthelela kahle isiphetho emazweni amaningi Western Europe. Kunoma yimuphi umkhakha art ezihlobene nale isimo elikhulu, noma kungaba yaseshashalazini, ebaziwe noma izincwadi.