French sezombusazwe Blyum Leon: Biography nesithombe

sezombusazwe French Léon Blum libhekene inhlanganisela lokushisekela ubuzwe French e ngokwabo nozwela theory Zionist. Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala khona emphakathini wanamuhla, anti-lwamaSemite amandla kabusha ucabanga we owayengundunankulu French eyinhloko.

Andre Leon Blum, Biography emfushane

Indawo yokuzalwa ka umholi esizayo enkulu embuthweni wezabasebenzi - Paris. Usuku lokuzalwa - 09.04.1872, kosuku lokufa - 30/03/1950 uMnu

Uyise wayengumGreki abahwebi abacebile Alsatian, abakhiqizi esikhiqiza usilika kuze kudabuke umhlane.

Blyum Leon waqeqeshwa kuqala ezikoleni ezingama high school kukaHenry IV noKarla Velikogo ke iziqu ecole normale Supérieure futhi University of Paris, lapho afundela khona ezomthetho. Watadisha esihle.

Dreyfus samenta bahlanganyele emisebenzini ethile yezombusazwe.

Kusukela ngawo-1902, yaba ilungu le-Socialist Party.

Ngo-1919 abantu baseParis akhethwe ukuba Sikazwelonke.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo wazama abe nethonya elikhulu abanye ku zezombusazwe French ukuze ahlele izakhiwo kazwelonke YamaJuda Palestine.

uhlangothi kwezombusazwe

Ekuqaleni kuka-1920, Blyum Leon akahambisani October revolution futhi ubushiqela yesigaba sabasebenzi. Ngokushesha le basekela uhulumeni omusha kwakheka French Communist Party eRussia, okuyinto wajoyina "L'Humanite".

Abasekeli Blum, bazithola eziyivelakancane, wawuhlelwe yesimanje French Socialist Party.

Ngenxa kaMarx, Blyum Leon wayengafuni ukuba yingxenye "wonxiwankulu" ohulumeni.

Yena besho nokusho Zionism, nalapho Haim Veytsman wammemela Jewish Agency, wangena amalungu akhe kusukela ngo-1929.

Kusukela ngo-1936, Blyum Leon wangena sokusebenzisana ngakwesokunxele, okuvela kulo kamuva kwavela anti-undlovukayiphikiswa Popular Front, uthole amavoti amaningi okhethweni olulandelayo.

Njengoba uNdunankulu

06.04.1936 uMnu Léon Blum, ogama biography is savela le nkathi kuphumelela ngempela, wathatha izintambo njengoba Undunankulu wase-France.

Yena uphokophele ihhovisi likahulumeni usefunde imithetho eziningana imvelo nomphakathi. Ingabe ekugcineni evunyiwe ngesonto amahora angu-40, indlela iqondiswa ikhokhwe ikhefu ideskithophu. Arabhu e-Algeria, French abe namalungelo alinganayo. ukusungulwa Bank of France kanye umkhakha lempi aphethwe.

Wuhulumeni lohlelo Blum neyesikhashana ukuletha izinguquko emphakathini kwaqubula imibhikisho emibuthanweni yezimboni yasenzela phansi nge iKhabhinethi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, naphakathi-sokusebenzisana kwaqina aphikisane ekugqugquzeleni Republican Spanish ekuphikiseni kwawo umbuso wamaNazi. UNdunankulu yomgomo-non-ukuphazamiseka siphakamisiwe, eye yabizwa abagxeki njengoba imvume ukuze wobushiqela.

21/06/1937 Russian Prime kwase incwadi yokwesula kwakhe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva abasephalamende ayeselulahlile isiphakamiso ukwethula umthetho ukuthi wayeyobanika iKhabhinethi amandla oluphuthumayo ukuze afeze izinyathelo elawula emkhakheni wezezimali.

Oku-impi isikhathi futhi umsebenzi France

Ngemva kwengxoxo, Popular Front uhulumeni Leon Blyum, isazi sezombusazwe nge eziningi isipiliyoni esiwusizo, elapha sephini undunankulu aphethwe ngayo 29.06.1937 kuze 18.01.1938, le

Kusukela 13,03. ku 10.04.1938, wayengumuntu wezeziMali.

Ngemva kokuthathwa kwendawo eFrance ngo-1940, Blum zihambile. Phakathi Natssobraniya nomhlangano e naseVichy waba phakathi 80 abavoti babemelene ngokunika lonke igunya Petain umashiqela.

uhulumeni naseVichy Blum watholakala enecala ekuqaleni kwempi, ngokuqondene okuyinto lanikeza inkantolo.

Ngo-September 1940 waboshwa, futhi ngo-1942-ke ndawonye nabanye osopolitiki we Okwesithathu Republic lakhe lathethwa khona. Lo mbukiso Isivivinyo, okuthiwa "Riomskim", yayihloselwe "ukusungulwa nokuqiniseka walabo enecala kokunqotshwa France."

Ngo-1943, Per uLaval luhlelwe badingiselwa Blum eJalimane, lapho ibekwe ekamu lokuhlushwa laseBuchenwald. ngu nje ithuba Wahlala futhi waphila.

Umfowabo René Blum babengenayo le nhlanhla ayenayo, wafika e-Auschwitz futhi washonela khona.

Entwasahlobo ka-1945, Leona Blyuma ekamu lokuhlushwa bekhululiwe amaMelika.

ngemva kwempi

Ngemva kokubuyela eFrance, Blum yaba ilungu uhulumeni wesikhashana we de Gaulle. Waba khona ezingxoxweni ne baseMelika udaba imali enkulu eFrance.

Esikhathini kusuka 16.12.1946 kuze 01.22.1947, le Blum wakhonza njengephayona Usihlalo Yesikhashana kaHulumeni.

Ngo-1947, i-UN General Assembly kubhekwe ikusasa eZweni kaIsrayeli. Blum wachitha eziningi umzamo uhulumeni waseFrance unqume uvowudela isinqumo ehlinzekela ukwahlukanisa of Palestine ukudala on insimu yalo WamaJuda isimo imfundo.

Ngo-1948, Leon Blum, isithombe okuyinto ingatholakala amaphephandaba amaningi, wahola ithimba French UN. Kusukela 28,07 ku 05.09.1948, wayengumuntu iPhini undunankulu.

30.03.1950 uMnu Blum wafa edolobheni Jouy-en-Josas (umnyango Yvelines).

Umlandvomphilo Isifundo Blum

Biography Blum wafunda ngokuningiliziwe ngu Pierre Birnbaum - uprofesa eSorbonne, specialist emlandweni amaJuda e-France.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo siwenze izinjongo ezimbili. Umbhali uzamile ukuthola ibaluleke ngani lomuntu Leona Blyuma ukuze umlando waseFrance. Njengoba sihambisana nale Birnbaum wabonisa ukuthi into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwakheka tetembusave Blum wayengumJuda.

A umthelela omkhulu emibonweni Blum wayenamandla Dreyfus nomakhwapheni. Yena wafikelwa umuzwa onamandla wokuvuma ukuphila, ukuthi isazi sezombusazwe kufanele ayiqede inkinga yokuntuleka kobulungisa kumuntu othize, bese kuphela ucabange indlela ayiqede inkinga yokuntuleka kobulungisa kwezenhlalo bebonke.

Ngokusho Birnbaum, umsebenzi okusheshayo zezombusazwe Blum kwaba umphumela yamakhono akhe esalele bokusungula, okuyinto kuhlangene ngempumelelo ngamandla elikhulayo ukubukwa social kophiko lwesokunxele.

Ngezenzo ukukhuluma ukwesekwa Dreyfus emaphephandabeni, Blum ngakwazi ukwenza igama yena. Ngemva kwalokho, wahlanganyela ukunyakaza sezenhlalo, omi eduze umholi Socialist Jean Jaures. Wakwazi babe umhlaziyi phambili imibono yabantu kaMarx.

Blum futhi Jaures babekholelwa ukuthi amalungelo abantu ngabanye ingavikelwa ngangokunokwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi socialism. Ngokusho kwabo, abampofu, ungakhetha siyidinga impela uhlelo sezenhlalo, uzokwazi ukuba bahlanganyele ukuphathwa izinqubo isimo.

realpolitik

Uma phakathi kwababusi abasephalamende, Blum wakwazi ayoziveza hhayi njengethuba kaMarx Orthodox. Akazange ukwamukela umbuso wamaSoviet abasafufusa. Ekuqaleni 1920, waveza ezihlokweni lakhe ukunqoba eyinhlekelele kwamandla amaBolshevik.

Yena ngokucijile egxeka ukusetshenziswa ukwesaba mass hhayi njengoba ukuze kuvikeleke ukuphepha komphakathi, kanye ithuluzi lebalulekile yahulumende.

Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu-French Social Democrats walahlekelwa udumo lwawo, neQembu LamaKhomanisi, kunalokho, kakhulu kwaqinisa isikhundla salo. Kwaphawulwa nokwanda okuphawulekayo inhliziyo kude kwesokudla.

Ukuze ugweme usongo kusuka kwesokudla-wing amabutho, Blum kwadingeka banqobe lo antipathy ekhona maqondana amaKhomanisi.

Premiership wakwazi ukuthatha kuphela ngemva Socialists namaKhomanisi bakwazile ukuhlanganisa ibe isakhiwo ngokuthi "People sika Front".