Amaphilisi fuel Dry: ukubuyekezwa kanye namathiphu usebenzisa

Ngokuvamile kuba nezimo lapho kukhona isidingo isizinda okusheshayo umlilo. Noma okuphambene nalokho, azikho izinto futhi kusho ukwakhela kulo. Ngokuvamile izimo ezinjalo zenzeka abantu ziyazithanda Trekking nokuvakasha, futhi uhola yokuphila okumatasa. Noma uma kwenzeka izimo eziphuthumayo ezingalindelekile, uma umlilo ingenye izindlela eziyisisekelo sokusinda. Isidingo esheshayo-umlilo kungenzeka izimo zokuphila, uma kungekhona ngakwesokunene olomile zokwakha ukuthungela. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungase kudingeke into libhekene izakhiwo ezithile. Kufanele kube fuel, ezomile, kulula okhela, ukugcina umlilo isikhathi eside futhi kulula ukushabalala.

"Utshwala Dry". Kuyini lokhu?

Kukhona into okwazi inani elincane ukwesekwa yayo amandla omlilo u-Adalberto isikhathi eside. Ibizwa ngokuthi "utshwala ezomile". Force futhi amandla omlilo isikhathi ngisho nengcosana izinto ezinjalo kungase kwanele ukuba apheke ukudla. Eqinisweni, utshwala lento akuhlangene. Ubude nge alcohols - ikhono elihle ukuba ashise. Ngokuvamile, elithi "utshwala ezomile" libhekisela iyiphi into ezivuthayo ilangabi kungekho nto enemibala emihle ngaphandle intuthu umule enqubeni amandla omlilo futhi ushiye noluncane umlotha. Ngo inqubo evutha fuel ezomile iguqulwe ibe amanzi nesikhutha. Okokuqala ngokushesha iyasha ngaphansi umphumela aphumayo ukushisa, ne-carbon dioxide udlulele emoyeni ezungeze.

fuel ezomile. isakhiwo

Chemical ngesisekelo utshwala ezomile emelelwa hexamine. Lokhu ezomile fuel Butlerova yaqale etholwe ngonyaka 1860, ngenxa ukutadisha ukuxhumana we-formaldehyde-ammonia. Ngenxa yalokho zokuhlolwa yakhe eyatholakala zinhlayiya kungekho nto enemibala emihle, esanikwa isikhulu igama methenamine. yilona kanye uqobo kanye compounds yayo nge -calcium chloride zazizinhle eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye isisu okuyinto ingasatholakala kule ekhemisi. Esinye isici enkulu yalesi kwakwakhe unekhono bashise ngaphandle kumiswa umlotha. amaphilisi fuel Dry, edayiswa ezitolo, it siqukethe hexamine kokuncinyane wax. Lolu hlobo "umoya ezomile" Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Methenamine - ngokwayo into kuyinto ezivuthayo kakhulu. Sisule ke luvutha ngokushesha kakhulu emidlalweni ejwayelekile. Futhi ukuphuma kalula, kuba into engabiza okumelwe lishumayele kuyo. Ngisho otsyrev, methenamine ukwazi okhela, kodwa uyahlakaza crackles futhi enenza. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi "utshwala ezomile" ulula, ungathenga ngasiphi esitolo hardware, inani elincane kungenziwa kuphekwe ekhaya.

Formalin + ammonia

Lokhu kuzodinga uthele 100 ml formalin (40% isixazululo) kule esitsheni metal, emanzini abandayo 2/3. Khona-ke kancane engeza ku 1 litre ammonia (12% isixazululo), ukuxuba njalo. Lezi manipulations kumele kwenziwe ngaphandle, kusukela lapho ephefumula ka evala of izinto eziyingozi empilweni. Isixazululo kwaphumela kuyadingeka ukuze uvale lid futhi ushiye usuku. Khona-ke ingxube ukufuthelana ukuhwamuka futhi kuze kube zinhlayiya hexamine uqale kwenze. Ngemva kwalokho, kumelwe ingxube selehlile futhi methenamine ehlungiwe yomiswa. Khona-ke exutshwe 1.3% upharafini gaya futhi yakha briquettes obukhulu. Gcina eseqedile utshwala ezomile kufanele bavikeleke umswakama.

Acetaldehyde + sulfuric acid

Kukhona olunye uhlobo "umoya ezomile" - metaldehyde. Lokhu fuel ezomile ngezandla zabo, ungathola ekhaya ngenxa nabavoti nekotrye zamakhemikhali. Lokhu yalungiswa ngokuxuba chilled acetaldehyde nge amaconsi ambalwa sulfuric acid. Ngenxa yalokho yokuhlanganisa uketshezi amabili akha metaldehyde okuqinile. Kuyinto zingaxazululeki emanzini kanye notshwala kanye ukusha kahle ngaphandle kumiswa intuthu nomlotha.

Calcium acetate + Ethanol

Calcium acetate solvate futhi siphathelene "alcohols ezomile". It ingatholakala, uma 170 ml we ETHYL utshwala ngokushesha engeza 10 ml kanzulu calcium acetate. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhambi Uqinisa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi lizofana insipho emhlophe. Kusukela mass okuholela kungenziwa usike cubes noma izinhlayiya zegazi. Ngo omlilo solvate calcium acetate, inani elincane umlotha futhi acetone, nayo obala kahle amandla omlilo.

mayelana izitofu

amaphilisi fuel Dry zivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa for amalahle kanye ukupheka emkhakheni. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu ngisho badinga sikaphalafini ekhethekile. I izitofu beze izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye abakhiqizi, kodwa icwecwe futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Uma uhambo kwenziwa ngemoto, ukusetshenziswa yesimanje kuyoba kuwusizo kakhudlwana igesi sikaphalafini. Kodwa leli qiniso akusho ukuthi sikaphalafini ukuze ome fuel siphelelwe isikhathi futhi kuyinto esifuze esidlule. Ezimweni ezithile, sekuyigama elisetshenziswa elula kunazo kanye kuphela kungenzeka. Le nkulumo libuyekeza. Ngokusebenzisa e mishini kuzoba ziphumelela kakhulu uphethiloli omile, ngaphandle iminonjana umswakama.

Izici izitofu

umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi lemikhiqizo letehlukene heater alikho. Noma kunjalo, abasebenzisi wazibonela uyomenza ahluke imodeli ezikhiqiza kakhulu kalula. Umahluko owokuthi ekuphakameni indawo esitsheni uvikelekile ezintweni umoya. Sikaphalafini ukuyedlula ifakwe isilinda lensimbi izimbobo kuwo. Ngakho, ngeke kube eyalo umoya, futhi wagxila elakhiwe, kanjalo sigweme nokushisa kusuka amandla omlilo "utshwala ezomile".

sikaphalafini Ukucushwa

Lolu hlobo lwe-sikaphalafini kabanzi nje kuphela izinjongo zokuthuthukisa ezokuvakasha. Bayingxenye imishini le yesosha, basinde kit, nomshayeli ekucindezelekeni. Qedela imishini sikaphalafini kuhlanganisa trivet, isitsha kwensimbi, uphethiloli okuqinile futhi okufanayo. Lokhu iqoqo ukala amagremu 300-350 kuphela, ngakho khona yayo ubhaka akuyona umthwalo.

Lapho usebenzisa i-dry fuel ezinhle ukuthi njengoba taganka Ungasebenzisa amanye imikhiqizo metallic, ayatholakala isandla ezifana tin, inkomishi metal, aluminium noma tin plate. Bayoba kahle ihlanganise, esitsheni eshubile.

iseluleko esisebenzayo

Ezinye amasethi izitofu ezivela abakhiqizi ezahlukene ukwabelana eyodwa ethile - akusona cap. Kuyinto esisemqoka emanzini abilayo usebenzisa uphethiloli ezomile. Esitsheni avaliwe amanzi amathumba ngokushesha, esindisa "utshwala ezomile", okungase komthombo umlilo agcwele. Futhi, isivalo izogcina efudumele amanzi okwesikhathi eside.

Uma kubalulekile ukuba nithele inani lamanzi ngemali engaphezu kwengxenye ilitha, kungcono ukusebenzisa amaphilisi fuel kokubili 2. Amanzi Kulokhu kuyobilisa izikhathi 2 ngokushesha kunokuba uma buyela uphethiloli yanjalo.

Uma kufanele asebenzise amafutha ezomile kusengaphambili kufanele uhlole ubuqiniso bayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ashise isampula isembozo. Uma fuel esomile, ngemva amandla omlilo ngokuphelele kufanele ahlale lelincane umlotha. Kulokhu, "utshwala ezomile" ubhekwa langakufanelekela ukusetshenziswa ngokwengeziwe. Uma emva amandla omlilo ngokuphelele uhlala semali umlotha phezu isakhiwo isipanji-like, uphethiloli ezinjalo kumelwe zilahlwe. Ukusebenzisa ke ukupheka noma amalahle ukudla kuyingozi ngoba imikhiqizo amandla omlilo ingaqukatha ezinobuthi.

abalandeli kuphela okuhlangenwe nakho izintaba Ungaqonda ukuthi akukho lutho olungcono emva ushintsho eside futhi kuyakhathaza kuka ukugeza ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi baphumule inkomishi yetiye asanda ukwenziwa.