Isikhumba Wesithombe Vasilyevsky Island

Vasilevsky Island - nendawo ekhethekile Petersburg. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso Amakhasi amaningi ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano edolobheni. On elinye lamadolobha amancane kulesi siqhingi, futhi manje-ke ngeke uhambe.

Vasilevsky Isiqhingi: ikhasi "yasekuqaleni" Umlando Petersburg

Isigaba sokuqala sale ukwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa abasha Petersburg ehlangene Petrograd ohlangothini (ke Birch noma Fomin esiqhingini), kodwa kunalokho indawo UZiqu-zintathu: okungukuthi iphi isikhungo sokuqala Petersburg, futhi kwaba emnandi kakhulu.

Ngemva kokuthutha e-1712 kuya ku Petersburg zonke izikhungo zombuso kanye eseduze uPetru mina edolobheni yaba inhloko-dolobha isimo Russian. Inkosi wanquma ukuthuthela edolobheni ku Vasilevsky Island, okuyinto lalisenyakatho indawo besigaba iNeva ku imikhono ezimbili ezinkulu - Big futhi Small iNeva, futhi waphuma waya Gulf ugu, futhi ngenxa yalokho kwaba ekahle ukuthuthukiswa wezohwebo navigation. Futhi echwebeni, kwanqunywa ukuba uthumele umcibisholo wakhe.

Iqhinga ukuwakha lowo muzi ngo-1714 eyalwa ukuba enze umakhi lokuqala Petersburg Domenico Trezzini, kunalokho, bafika e 1716 edolobheni elisenyakatho ye wezakhiwo French Zhan Batist Leblon ithole umsebenzi ofanayo: Peter angizange uhlele Trezzini umsebenzi wokwakha, okwasetshenziswa etholwe ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa iphrojekthi Leblond uPetru akakuthandanga. Kwanqunywa ukuba ubuyele uhlelo Trezzini, kodwa ngcono ngokuhambisana kwamazwi yenkosi. Ngesisekelo uhlelo lokuthuthukisa yalesi siqhingi walala uhlelo kwemisele, perpendicularly ukweqa siqhingi futhi nomunye.

Nokho, ngasizathu simbe iziteshi waqala umbe, wemba kwakungafanele futhi esikhundleni uvele ezitaladini, lapho ohlangothini ngalunye ngulayini. Bawela ezintathu ithemba: Large, okulingene Amancane.

Vasilevsky Island - maphakathi umkhakha leli dolobha

Kusukela ekuqaleni, Petersburg basungula njengenhlangano isikhungo ezimbonini. Ngezinye uPetru mina namanje eminyakeni 1703-1704 kwabonakala Izigayo sawing futhi kamuva - Powder egcekeni Zeleynye workshop nabanye.

Engxenyeni yesibili ye XIX - ekuqaleni XX leminyaka in izingxenye eningizimu nasenyakatho ye izitshalo ezinkulu babe iziqhingi + ngokungathi Pipe Plant (igatsha Petersburg izinhlamvu isitshalo), Ikhebula Factory, "Siemens - Schuckert" futhi "Siemens - Halske", ukhiqiza imishini kagesi kanye amathuluzi, kanye phakathi neminyaka nempi yezwe ngashintshela ukukhiqizwa kwemishini for nezempi, Baltic Shipyard - maphakathi ukukhiqizwa for imikhumbi Baltic imikhumbi, nabanye.

Isikhumba umugqa Petersburg

Umugqa has omunye ohlangothini lwawo nasogwini Gulf, yingakho igama kwaba - Coast. Engxenyeni kwekhulu XVIII emgwaqweni yesibili izindlu abale 5 kanye nenombolo 6 Crump ikhebula ifektri yasungulwa, futhi kwezinye izindlu elalihlala imigqa ehlukene yebhizinisi.

Igama, esekhona namanje, wanikwa kuphela 1845. Kuyini - Ukushuka umugqa? Le ndawo lihlotshaniswa ukuvula i-ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo lesikhumba: owokuqala yaqala ukusebenza yezikhumba zezilwane - workshop for ngokucubungula bese womshini lesikhumba bese - izimboni ezizimele ekupheleni kwekhulu esiqhingini, kwakukhona ayisishiyagalolunye. Omunye wabo kwaba ifektri Nicholas Mokeevicha Brusnitsyna. . Ngaphezu kwalokho, d № 31 elise Yegorovs ukushuka isigayo e d № 32 -. UVladimir izindlu yezikhumba zezilwane e d № 34 -. J. Lyutsha printwork.

Ngo dd. Inombolo 17 kanye nenombolo 18 itholakala Foundry Imishini Plant, eyasungulwa Carr futhi Macpherson. Kancane kancane insimu yalo anda kakhulu futhi waqala ukuba luthathe ezindaweni kusuka kunombolo 7 enombolweni 26. amakhaya inombolo 38-40 nenombolo 39 kwaba ifektri "Siemens - Halske". Edolobhaneni inombolo 23 -. Plant ukwenziwa amarekhodi.

Ngaphezu tanneries tanneries SPB imigqa ayenendawo ishede kanye izakhiwo zezimboni kasimende ipayipi isitshalo.

Indlu umfuyi Brusnitsyna

Uzungu leseceleni lowo manje usesikhundleni endlini tanneries umugqa ngaphansi inombolo 27, ekupheleni XVIII leminyaka kwakungekaNkulunkulu umfelokazi yomthengisi Anne-Catherine Fisher. Kwadingeka ahlele kulo yezikhumba zezilwane indawo.

Eduze emgqeni efanayo ethengiswa yokuhlala itshe endlini nehhovisi, okuyinto ekhulwini XIX wathenga N. M. Brusnitsyn, lapho esezinzile nomkhaya wakhe. Futhi ngaqala ukwakha lapha yezikhumba zezilwane nokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa. Ngemva kokufa Nicholas Mokeevicha umsebenzi wakhe waqhubeka indodana yakhe uNicholas, langempela isimo ikhansela isakhamuzi zokuhlonipha. Industrial ukwakhiwa ngezitini ezibomvu futhi manje usengakwazi angabonwa ekhelini.

Kodwa indlu at inombolo 27 lavuselelwa futhi baba zikanokusho ukuze wangena yengcebo yobuciko yezakhiwo Petersburg njengoba omunye izindlu ayetholakala lakhiwa isitayela eclectic. Empeleni, ekuqaleni le ndlu yayingakakulungeli kabusha A. S. Andreevym, ngubani wanezela eliphakeme nakakhulu entshonalanga, okwandisa efasiteleni esitezi sokuqala futhi ukuphakama esitezi sesibili. Khona-ke AI Kovsharovym uye phambili anda ukuphakama esitezi sesibili unamathisele isandiso empumalanga - ezitebhisini grand. Egcekeni lomuzi ihlelwe engadini ebusika, okuyiwona wakha abamba ukushisa.

Olungaphambili lwesonto indlu rustication ehlotshisiwe block encane kanxande esitezi sokuqala, kanti eyesibili - ezikhaleni phakathi amawindi ngesimo calandze side, nendawo liphenduka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esitezi sesibili lihlotshiswe isikwele kanye ezimbili-semi isiyingi bay iwindi, futhi umnsalo emise, pediments elingunxantathu, sandriks phezu amafasitela emaceleni ngesimo nemiklamo.

Ngemva-1917, isakhiwo wayiswa yezikhumba zezilwane kubo. Radishchev futhi baba ukuphathwa isitshalo.

Kwesakhiwo esingumakhelwane ingaphansi inombolo 25, yakhiwa ngu okufanayo AI Kovsharovym Kunjengokuphila lwezisebenzi Brusnitsyn lesikhumba endaweni yokukhanda.

Winery

Winery Peretz kuya tanneries umugqa yasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Itholakala a elakhiwe ngokukhethekile eyodwa storey indlu ngaphansi inombolo ukwakhiwa 30. Umbhali kwaba edumile Petersburg wezakhiwo Vikentiy Ivanovich Beretti, futhi engxenyeni kwekhulu lesibili yakha phansi wesithathu wezakhiwo yakhe edumile ngokulinganayo - Rudolf Bogdanovich Berngard.

Ngaphambili olungaphambili lwesonto indlu lihlotshiswe porticos ezintathu we-classic. Izindonga zipendwe umbala ngezitini ezibomvu.

Kusukela 1820 kuya 1850 kule ndlu elise iwayini ishede State Chamber, bese isakhiwo lidlule ku yifa Vladimir yezikhumba zezilwane. Khumbula ukuthi isitshalo efanayo futhi ephethwe esakhiweni esingaphesheya kule nombolo 32.

Siemens - Halske

Vala sikebhe zomlando zalesi sihlahla ikhebula, sise inombolo 40, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezimangalisayo ngokungafani zabo ukuthuthukiswa kwamabubulo izakhiwo endaweni: indlu ngempela agugile sokhuni umbhoshongo omncane, okuyinto ufana isitayela Gothic. Lokhu - nombolo yendlu yakubo 36-38. Mhlawumbe, babehlala abanikazi simila.

indlu Ngokhuni eyakhelwe phezu kwesisekelo samatshe nge isizinda okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi eligoqiwe ngesimo indlu lwamakholi eyenziwe izingodo ngokuvumelana namasiko bokwakha Russian lasendulo.

A endlini eyodwa storey has amafasitela ayisithupha ezazinesihloko mbumbulu phambi namawindi ezintathu ekugcineni, ophilayo mansard futhi yokugcina amawindi ezintathu. yokuqedela zokuhlobisa emfushane lwenziwa isitayela Folk woodcarving. Awokuqopha ihlobise phansi ekamelweni elisophahleni nesesibili ekupheleni olungaphambili lwesonto nge pediment. Futhi ezibaziweyo emapheshana zokuhlobisa kukhona isiqediwe futhi zamafasitela.

Wing nge imibhoshongo gothic yakhiwa ngamatshe noma isitini, lemva futhi zaveza upende obomvu ansundu.

Lokubhalela we mbumbulu ufuna zilandelwe ncamashi: bona zipendwe emhlophe. kwemibhoshongo Round amaHubo bugcizelelwa i octagon side nge onqenqemeni athe lwalugobile we finial, okuyinto phezulu lihlotshiswe a Latin esiphambanweni. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kwaba ifektri umndeni noma isonto - Catholic, njengoba abasunguli ifektri babe amaJalimane - Werner Siemens futhi Iogan Galske, abaqambi kanye onjiniyela.

Ngo-panorama of Saint Petersburg Ukushuka umugqa matasa indawo ekhethekile - isikhungo yezimboni Vasilyevsky Island. Waphelelwa umbono yedolobha njengoba isikhungo enkulu yezimboni, futhi ukutholakala kanye nokuthuthukiswa zalesi sihlahla Baltic - njengendlela shipbuilding isikhungo yesimanje. Khona-ke waba nendima esemqoka kakhulu ekusungulweni kanye nokuqinisa isithombe waseRussia enkundleni ngamazwe.