Wokusebenza Network, izici zabo futhi nenqubo yokukhetha

Esimweni lapho abasebenzisi ziphambi ukwehlukana kahle inethiwekhi imithombo (isibonelo - sediski), bangasebenzisa inethiwekhi wokusebenza. izinhlelo ezinjalo zenza kube ukudlulisela imisebenzi eminingi zokuphatha esikhaleni inethiwekhi. Ngosizo inethiwekhi izinsiza kude umsebenzisi, umlawuli uyakwazi efanele ukuhlonza izinsizakusebenza wabelane futhi nabelane iphasiwedi ehlukile ngamunye wabo, ukubenza akancike futhi kufinyeleleke umsebenzisi ngamunye nobe licembu abasebenzisi. Lesi sigaba futhi inquma Ukwahlukaniswa inethiwekhi wokusebenza ku iseva uhlelo lokusebenza kubasebenzisi.

ezikhethekile zenethiwekhi wokusebenza namuhla, kwakhiwa futhi kwasetshenziswa izingxube kabanzi, kodwa iyiphi izici evamile, wokusebenza kwethu. Athuthukisiwe ekhethekile inethiwekhi wokusebenza ukuthi babe kwemigomo abavamile, ezifana, isibonelo, wenza amafasitela yesistimu yokusebenza XP. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kuze kube manje, cishe zonke izinhlelo ezivamile abe ongakhetha esakhelwe nemisebenzi izinhlelo inethiwekhi.

Ngenxa yalokho, uhlelo inethiwekhi yokusebenza - kungcono uhlelo ezinjalo yokusebenza, esakhelwe izici ozikhethela okukuvumela ukuba isebenze kahle endaweni kwenethiwekhi. Lezi izindawo zihlanganisa:

- nokunikezela usekelo anhlobonhlobo imishini inethiwekhi;

- ukusetshenziswa zenethiwekhi yezifiso;

- ekuqinisekiseni ukusetshenziswa nokusekela of zenethiwekhi yezifiso umzila;

- zokuhlunga traffic;

- ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okuqhubekayo eyihlane inethiwekhi imithombo (amadiski kanye amaphrinta);

- ukuqaliswa akude ukufinyelela izixazululo ngezinkinga inethiwekhi.

Okuvame kakhulu inethiwekhi wokusebenza yilezi: Novell NetWare, izinguqulo ezihlukene uhlelo GNU / Linux ezisebenza, ZyNOS, futhi-ke, ezivamile-Microsoft Windows (95, NT, XP, Vista, 7).

Modern inethiwekhi izinhlelo yokusebenza kanye ngokwehlukahlukana kwabo ngenxa yokuthi namuhla kukhona izinhlobo eziningi amakhompyutha emhlabeni. Yingakho, eba futhi isakaze izinhlelo zamadivayisi eselula, ikhaya workstations, iseva izinhlelo, ibhizinisi OS. Wona, lokhu ngezigaba ugcizelela ukwehluka izici ukusebenza ozikhethela okuyinto ziyehluka Okubukwe nsiza. Lokhu kungefani, omuhle ngakolunye uhlangothi (olunikezwa umsebenzisi ukukhetha OS amakhono abo zezimali futhi ngokuhambisana imisebenzi ebhekene), kudala izimo ezithile, ngakolunye. Lokhu ngokuphazamisa yisidingo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana yesistimu yokusebenza, ikakhulukazi iminyango bezinkampani ezisebenza ngaphakathi inqubomgomo efanayo inethiwekhi. A impahla ebaluleke kakhulu ngazo kwemigomo ethile inethiwekhi yesistimu yokusebenza, iyatholakala ukulayisha yesistimu yokusebenza kanye nokwenzeka Ukuvuselela okusheshayo.

I kabanzi kunazo yesistimu yokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ezifana izinkampani kanye nezikhungo, lapho ukucutshungulwa ezinkulu amasethi wedatha liyadingeka. Ngokwemvelo ebuza indlela ukukhetha uhlelo inethiwekhi yokusebenza ukuqhuba ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokuchitha imali ethe xaxa. Kubonakala ukuthi umbandela ngokuyinhloko kufanele kube ukuthi lokhu okulandelayo lapho ukhetha ezifanele uhlelo lokusebenza. Uma udinga usayizi usizo enkampanini enkulu noma corporation ke unake ipharamitha ezifana scalability, okungukuthi, operation esitebeleni ezihlukahlukene izimo zenethiwekhi. Kubalulekile futhi futhi ngezinga eliphezulu ukusebenzelana - ikhono lokusebenzisa kahle imodi zokusebenza isibuyekezo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu yesistimu yokusebenza, kuyatuseka kumele baqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsiza heterogeneous - amaseva namakhompyutha.

Ngokuqinisekile, kunzima ngokwanele ukuthola bese ukhetha uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi kwanelisa ngokugcwele nezidingo umsebenzisi othile. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo lokufeza izinqumo zabo okusekelwe critical evaluation izinkinga zomhlaba wangempela isimo ezokwenza anqume isofthiwe.