Far North. izimo zemvelo. Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Far North - ithiphu yeNyakatho ingxenye ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, okuyinto ikakhulu etholakala e-Arctic. Inani eziqhelile kuncike nezibonelelo asethwe ukuba izinkampani co-operative, isimo kanye umphakathi esifundeni.

izimo zemvelo eNyakatho Ekude

endaweni Land imayelana million 2.2 amakhilomitha square.

Izici Main:
- ibhalansi emisebeni eyingozi kuba sezingeni eliphansi;
- nezinga lokushisa ngezinyanga zasehlobo eduze 0 ° C (ikhumbula ukuthi izinga lokushisa isilinganiso negative);
- okwandile eyiqhwa kanye nokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa kuze kube amamitha 500;
- kukhona ungqimba elincane incibilikiswa sesizini (hhayi ngaphezulu kuka ayisikhombisa amasentimitha).

Far North Russia kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo: ihlathi-emathafeni, emathafeni, ehlathini, futhi ingxenye ehlane arctic. Ngaphakathi ezweni, ngaphandle yemifula encane, zitholakala estuarine emifuleni mikhulu - the OB, Pyasina, Pechora, Yenisei, uLena Khatanga, Indigirka Anabara, Yana futhi Kolyma. Cishe bonke e sifinyelela yayo aphansi ageleze ezigodini ezibanzi. Khatanga, Yenisei kanye ob emilonyeni yakha gulfs enkulukazi - "izindebe". Imifula kwaba nethonya elilimaza eyiqhwa. Zenza ngihlehlise ku-ngaphesheya kwesigodi futhi kancane kancane abhubhise indlela yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baba nethonya ekungameleni phezu sezulu izindawo ezizungezile. Imiphumela lamanzi emfuleni ezilwandle kutholwa at ibanga amabili kuya angamakhulu amathathu ukusuka emlonyeni, ezithinta ice futhi umbuso kwamanzi olwandle. Ngezinye izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye noma abayishumi nqabela emfuleni ngonyaka, amanye - kuze kufike phansi. Ezwekazini iyancibilika e noJuni, futhi nqabela ngo-Okthoba. Esiqhingini ngoJulayi - Septhemba.

Phakathi ezwekazini emathafeni futhi inani elikhulu amachibi esisogwini ezinye iziqhingi. Iningi ngonyaka angaphansi eqhweni. Leli chibi elikhulu kunawo wonke eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada - Taimyr. Itholakala enhlonhlweni efanayo. Far North kuyahluka athuthukile nenhlabathi Arctic babe eduze ukusabela hlangothi noma kancane acid. Yokutakula izinqubo (noma gleying) bengekho. Tundra nenhlabathi yibona ezonini nezimfunda. Ingaphezulu ezwekazini eNyakatho Ekude yakha nedlelo ephansi lwamanga West eSiberia futhi East European Plain: Kolyma, Yana-Indigirka futhi emathafeni North laseSiberia. Kwezinye izindawo kukhona izintaba. The esiphezulu futhi esibalulekile kubo - kuyinto engxenyeni esenyakatho ekupha Verkhoyansk ezintabeni Byrranga mayelana Taimyr echibini futhi ezintabeni eNhlonhlweni YaseChukchi. Isakhiwo ezwekazini, ziqhingi eshalofini angomakhelwane iqhaza izakhiwo of Paleozoic, Precambrian futhi Mesozoic-Cenozoic inhlabathi, kanye kumiswa uhlobo magmatic ukwakheka ezihlukahlukene.

Izimila nezilwane eNyakatho Ekude

Far North kuyahluka flora ahlukahlukene nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Nokho, iningi abameleli ibhekisela ezakhamuzini yamanzi olwandle. amafomu Small - kuyinto plankton, esebenza ukudla eziphilayo emikhulu.

Izitshalo eNyakatho Ekude: sonwele birch, Alder, Rowan birch yemifino, willow; aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-cloudberry cranberry, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, knyazhevika, Shiksha; cishe ngo-55 zama-isikhunta; I-Globe, buttercup ophuzi, umama-futhi-nosingamama, dandelion, ukhohlwe ozongitshela onsomi Castillo, gentian luhlaza, ukotini utshani, cyanosis; ezingaphezu kwekhulu zama-ulele.

Ngutiphi tilwane abahlala eNyakatho Ekude? Lokhu reindeer, impisi, onogwaja, impungushe, Wolverine, amaphiva, marten, ibhere, ferret, lemminki; goose, ama-gull, amadada, Snipes, izinyoni zasogwini, Turuhana, ama-loon, Sandpiper, whooping, nefukezi encane Osprey, Red-loon erne, crane, snipe nengxenye, ukhozi, ukhozi, grouse merlin; plankton, izimpethu, ezinamagobolondo, izimbaza, inhlanzi (okuvame kakhulu - iyona Arctic cod), walruses.