"Engerix" - wokugoma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B ukwakheka wokugoma, analogs kanye nokubuyekeza

"Engerix" - wokugoma aqondiswe ukuthuthukiswa ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. Ngenxa yalokho yokusetshenziswa kwawo ukhiqiza amasosha omzimba ku-ejenti causative lesi sifo. Umgomo - igciwane antigen (ngaphandle main), the last yokuhlanza inqubo, adsorbed ku aluminium hydroxide. Umgomo ezivezwa isakhi sokuzakhela ubuchwepheshe DNA ukuqaliswa.

Kusebenta zomuthi lapho zaphathwa abadala, izingane nezinsana abasengozini, ngokwesilinganiso 98%. Kusukela nokuphathwa wokugoma ezakhiwe omzimba hbs eqondene, okuyinto bavikelekile ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. coinfection "Engerix" kungakuvimbela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo D.

Ukwakheka, ifomu ukukhululwa "Engerix" izidakamizwa

Izindlela etholakala amaphilisi. Umthamo esizosingathwa ingane oluhambisana 0.5 ml umuntu omdala - 1 ml. Isembozo liqukethe angaba yikhulu izitsha eziyisikhombisa (eziyishumi, noma eyikhulu namashumi ayisithupha).

"Engerix" umkhiqizi uveza izitsha eziyisikhombisa aqukethe 5 ml (elihambisana izingane 10 ngemithamo) no-10 ml (elihambisana 10 ngemithamo abadala) wokugoma. I amaphakethe amabhodlela ayisihlanu "Engerix".

Umuthi abadala

Ukwakheka 1 ml wokugoma kuhlanganisa lwegciwane antigen (20 micrograms) kufakwe aluminium hydroxide. Inqubo esetshenziswa ekwakhiweni uyakulondoloza kokuba igama "2-Phenoxyethanol", kukhona iminonjana thimerosal, kusukela usebenzisa yalolu ketshezi kokuba ekhiqizwa nomuthi. Abasusa thimerosal kusukela imijovo lapho yokuhlanza Kwenziwa. Ngo womshini izidakamizwa esetshenziswa kanye sodium digidrofosfatadigidrat gidrofosfatadigidrat, amanzi oyinyumba sengezwe.

A wokugoma izingane

Ukuze 1 ml ukulungiswa "Engerix" wokugoma Ukwakheka kanje:

• lwegciwane antigen (10 micrograms);
• inani eliphansi lomcebo thimerosal;
• izingxenye ezengeziwe (iyafana ekulungiselelweni omdala).

imiphumela kwemithi

I antigen ikhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa imvubelo Saccharomyces isiko, it unomthelela ezithile. Saccharomyces Ikhishwa ekususeni amangqamuzana kusukela antigen, inqubo ke obuphelele zokuhlanzwa ephezulu ezingeni. Kukhona idatha okubonisa ikhono "Engerix" ukuze unciphise amathuba wokuthuthukisa carcinoma hepatocellular ngenxa sokuqondisa wokugoma izingane.

Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa

"Engerix" yokusetshenziswa Kunconywa nokuvimbela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, okuyinto senziwa indawo okuvela kuyo amazwi igciwane. Ukugonywa Kunconywa linobungozi amaqembu. Kuhlanganisa:

• abahlengikazi;
• nabantu abayobe bephila ngokusebenzisa isitho Ukufakelwa;
• izakhamuzi izifunda sendawo ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B,
• abantu abaphethwe utshwala;
• abafundela ubudokotela;
• iziguli abakulungele ukuqhuba imisebenzi noma izinqubo koda zokuxilonga;
• abathwali igciwane elibangela ukuthuthukiswa hepatitis C;
• abasebenzi abazikhiqizayo amalungiselelo immunobiological equkethe izingxenye zegazi;
• izingane emakhaya ezintandane, izikole boarding;
• abasebenzi laboratory, ukuhlola izinto womuntu;
• ezigulini ziphathwa ngokusebenzisa izidakamizwa imijovo;
• kubantu abaphethwe kwesibindi kohlobo C ifomu;
• Izingane ezizalwa omama abangekho abathwali ejenti causative of ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B,
• abantu ezikhonjwe isikela-cell anemia ;
• labo kukhona nabo nabantu wathola ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B yiluphi uhlobo;
• Abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kusuka khulula ukuziphatha kobulili;
• Abantu abahlela ukuya esifundeni sendawo ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B,
• abantu abaphethwe izifo ezingelapheki kwesibindi ukugeleza;
• iziguli ezidinga ngaphandle kokumpontshelwa igazi, donor izinto eyenziwe ngegazi.

Ukugonywa ngokumelene ne-hepatitis "Engerix" engenziwa ngasiphi yobudala. Wenziwe kulabo abangakaze zigonywe ngaphambili, futhi labo abangabakhe iqembu ingozi.

Izimo

Umgomo hhayi yaphathwa hypersensitivity okuyinto kutholakele emva odlule izidakamizwa umjovo. Ukuba khona izifo sibi ezinzima futhi okwenzeka, izinqubo esithathelwanayo esiyingozi lapho kukhona imfiva, - contra-izinkomba yokugoma.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ubufakazi umonakalo wokugoma ezingenzeka embungwini, engekho ngesikhathi abesifazane ukuzalwa akuvamile bagome. Ukuqaliswa Its ngokuvamile kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile lapho kukhona izinkomba ezithile.

Ukusebenzisa umuthi wokugoma, umthamo

ekuphathweni esicutshini luqhutshwa kuleli anterolateral ethangeni ingxenye (izingane ezincane, izinsana) e imisipha deltoid. Mhlawumbe ekuphathweni ongama, kodwa wenziwa Ezimweni ezingavamile, kuphela uma isiguli washaya uhlelo igazi coagulation. Kuxhunyelelwa "Engerix" awupheli ngemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa ematfuba eliphansi amasosha omzimba ngakususi intradermal, ongama bese ujove esicutshini phakathi buttock.

Likhono umgomo ngokushesha ngaphambi umjovo ezinyakaziswayo kahle kuze kube yilapho slurry olumhlophe is ngokulinganayo basakaza. Ukulungiswa akufanele izinhlayiya angaphandle. Kulezo zimo lapho uhlobo umgomo ayihambisani le ncazelo, lokhu kusho alisetshenziswa yokugoma.

Uma "Engerix" (umjovo) isetshenziswa isitsha, e ukuthunjwa umthamo ngamunye kuyadingeka ukuthatha inaliti oyinyumba nesipetu. ibhodlela Kuqalwe ingasetshenziswa kuze kufike kokuphela kosuku. Le nqubo idinga kuhambisana nendinganiso imithetho antisepsis, asepsis.

Isikali

Ukugonywa yokugoma isikimu kunqunywa, okuyinto samukelwa kuleli zwe. Sokuphuzisa izindlela ezenziwe ngokobudala:

• kuze kube iminyaka engu-19 - 0.5 ml;
• iminyaka engu-19 - 1 ml;
• ekwelapheni abagulayo abaphila iyunithi hemodialysis, - 2 ml.

ebuntwaneni imigomo Zokuzivikela

Ingane zigonywe do emva kokubelethwa, ngenyanga eyodwa futhi eziyisithupha. Lapho kwetfula isikimu enjalo kakade ngenyanga yesikhombisa zokuphila mzimba sengane pathogen of ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. Uma kunesidingo ukusheshisa le nqubo, umjovo elilandelayo wenziwa esezele ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, bese - ku yesibili. On ngenyanga yeshumi nambili ka ukuqaliswa revaccination liyadingeka.

Uma umuntu omdala ebuntwaneni ayitholakalanga umgomo emva komthamo wokuqala esimweni sesibili ngosuku lwesikhombisa, eyesithathu - ku amabili nanye. Ngemva konyaka owodwa ukusetshenziswa lokuqala izidakamizwa iqondiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe wokugoma.

Lapho izinqubo hemodialysis ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B wokugoma 'Engerix "luzoqala ukusebenza ngaphansi kohlelo: Usuku zero - namathathu banesifo esibi - sixties. Ngokuphindaphindiwe ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva ekuphathweni kuqala. Iziguli ezihlanganisa leli qembu, wenze umjovo ne umthamo double (2 mg). Ngemva nokuphathwa izidakamizwa Kunconywa ukuba enze ukuhlolwa serological (isilinganiso evamile kufanele kube hhayi ngaphansi kuka 10 IU / l).

Izinsana nezinkinga ezinzima izinso iqondiswa 0.5 ml umkhiqizo, noma yikuphi ofanele ukunamathela izifunda imigomo. Umthamo ofanayo zomuthi okudingekayo ukuze izinsana abenza hemodialysis.

Uma umuntu iye yathonywa izici ngenxa okungase kwenzeke ukutheleleka, isicelo wokugoma isheduli ngesivinini esikhulu. Komthamo wokuqala is kuhlangene imithi, zazo siqukethe immunoglobulin. ejenti enjalo ibe nomphumela ongemuhle ku ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. Injection izidakamizwa "Engerix" imfundo manual incoma ukuthi ukwenza ngaphandle imijovo immunoglobulin (ezindaweni ezahlukene).

Uma ufuna ukuba bagome osanda kuzalwa enomama - esiphathiswa pathogen noma isifo waphathwa ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, kusukela ngenyanga yesithupha yokukhulelwa, esezele umgomo iqondiswa kuye engxenyeni yokuqala yosuku. lokugoma Eminye wenziwa ngendlela samukelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi, ezimweni ezinjalo kutuswa ukusebenzisa umgomo immunoglobulin molecule.

Ngemva kokudlulisa umuntu wonke scheme yokugoma ngokumelene hepatitis B revaccination akudingekile. Ngemva zelashwe futhi ngimpofu amasosha omzimba ingasatshenziswa umthamo wokufukula. Isidingo ukuqaliswa kuchazwe test serological.

Imiphumela emibi "Engerix"

Cabanga ekusabeleni okungekuhle umzimba, ukuthuthukiswa okungabangela wokugoma 'Engerix ". Iziqondiso ukuchaza ezifana side effects, lapho abathintekayo zemisipha kanye wokugaya ukudla izinhlelo. Kungase kube ukushayisana ukusebenza kohlelo neuropathy sezinzwa, senhliziyo, izinguquko kungenzeka ku isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Ngemva umjovo, ke kungatholakala futhi abanye ukusabela iguliswa wendawo.

Umzimba womuntu angaphendula ukubonakaliswa komjovo izimpawu Umkhuhlane-like, ukucobeka, imfiva, futhi ukulahlekelwa amandla. Kwezinye izimo, ukuthuthukisa thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, livela bronchoconstriction. Ngokuvamile, abantu basabele ngendlela embi ukuze umgomo zikahle.

Amacala ukweqisa izidakamizwa komjovo ungazange yambuliwe. Indlela isinyathelo ezimweni ezinjalo e ukuthuthukiswa izimpawu ezingathandeki, hhayi elicacisiwe imiyalelo.

Ngaphambi ukusebenzisa, ngokucophelela sihlole okufingqiwe kudokotela.

izidakamizwa ekuhlanganyeleni

"Engerix" (umjovo) ngenkathi usebenzisa immunoglobulin, ayisiza lapho ukuvimbela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, akusenzi titer omzimba inqobo nje uma abaphathi le mithi wenziwa ngokuhlukile amaphuzu ezahlukene. Kungenjalo, inkomba ngeke ku uhla evamile.

Ungasebenzisa nemijovo kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, kanye namanye amathuluzi zalolu hlobo, enikezwe ibhalwe ku ikhalenda ye yokugoma futhi lokugoma njengoba isilinganiso izifo ku ubhubhane izinkomba. Kubalulekile ukuthi imithi yokugoma amabili ahlukene yaphathwa imijovo ahlukene ezindaweni ezimbili ezihlukene.

Kuxhunyelelwa "Engerix" kungaba esigabeni sokugcina e ukudlula ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B lokugoma ezimweni lapho saqalwa nawo Ukusetshenziswa kwezinye yokugoma ukuthi nomphumela ofanayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, "Engerix" angasetshenziswa ngesikhathi revaccination.

ukusabela ezingezinhle umzimba nge wokugoma lihambisana izidakamizwa ezahlukene iye yabonakala.

Izixwayiso

ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ematfuba umonakalo ezingenzeka embungwini incane ngenxa ukwethulwa umgomo. izifundo zokwelapha, okwakuyoholela ukucacisa umphumela "Engerix" emzimbeni, kuhlanganise ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ungazange senziwe. "Engerix B" (efana okufanayo) ziwusizo umjovo abesifazane ukhulelwe, kuphela ubufakazi ezifanele esungulwe udokotela.

Izici zomuthi

Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B libhekene yokuthi kuthatha eningi, ngakho kukhona kungenzeka ukutheleleka esicashile ukugeleza ngesikhathi ngokugoma. Kulezi iziguli, nokuvimbela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B akunakwenzeka.

Ngoba umgomo akanakukuvimbela nesenzakalo yokungenwa yizifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuthuthukiswa eziwumthelela nezinye Amagciwane. Ngokwesibonelo, umuthi ayizwakali uma kunesidingo ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa nokohlobo A, C no E. Iphinde akanawo nomphumela wayefisa Amagciwane ezinye izifo lapho isibindi kuthintwa.

"Engerix" (umjovo) emva isingeniso emzimbeni kubangela ukuzivikela komzimba, inkulumo salo kuncike ezicini eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, amasosha omzimba kohlelo kunqunywa ubulili yomuntu, ubudala bakhe, khona imikhuba elimazayo efana nokubhema, ngazo umgomo wethulwa. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amane amasosha omzimba impendulo lingaphansi evelele kuka kubantu abasebasha. Iziguli ezinjalo ukuchitha imigomo eyengeziwe njengoba kudingekile.

Uma isiguli sine-HIV, nezinye izinkinga omzimba bese ngenxa zelashwe angeke akwazi ukufeza ezanele omzimba titer. Uma inkambo main ngeke avumele ukungena siletha imiphumela efiselekayo, ngokuvumelana imiphumela yokuhlaziya kungenzeka idinga imijovo ezengeziwe. Ngenxa ikhono ukubangela ukusabela anaphylactic, okuyinto kuyahluka wokugoma izimpendulo 'Engerix' kubika nesidingo sokuba amathuluzi akhethekile ukuthi ongaqeda imiphumela yalolu hlobo, phakathi nesimiso sokuqondisa izidakamizwa. Komzimba ingavela ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho kufanele abe imizuzu amathathu ukuba bagcine ngezimo zesiguli okuyinto umjovo senziwa.

Ephambi kwezinduna igciwane ingane umzimba zigonywe kwenzeka uma izinga lokushisa emzimbeni ubuyela evamile. Iphuzu lapho sihlelwe ukwethula umgomo, kufanele luphathwe ejenti senzelwe imishanguzo-ukushaqeka.

Umgomo ingasetshenziswa uma izinkinga esibindini, layo iqondiswa kahle abantu asebekhulile.

izidakamizwa analogue

Esikhathini nokuvimbela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kungenzeka ukuthi bakhethe umgomo 'Engerix "noma" Regevak ". Analogs ka "Engerix 'Amathuluzi ezilandelayo athandwa:" Euvaks "," Biovak ". Mhlawumbe lokugoma "Eberbiovakom HB", "Shanvakom", "HB-Vaks." izidakamizwa Kufanele kukhethwe udokotela.

Uphenyo "Engerix" kusho

Uma kudingeka, kwenze umgomo isimiso ngokumelene wokugoma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B ngokuvamile kuba "Engerix" osebenza. Abazali awuboni yimuphi ethile engemihle, bona zanelisekile jikelele ngosizo umphumela. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi okubuyayo mayelana izidakamizwa.

"Euvaks" futhi ithuluzi zithandwa, kodwa abazali bazizwa akusiyo njengoba nomphumela njengoba "Engerix". Izibuyekezo ukukhombisa ukuthi version yesibili komjovo avame Kunconywa odokotela.

Ukulungiswa akubandakanyi amagciwane, alinaso nezilwanyana ezincane abulawe, uyaphila kakhulu. wokugoma Isisekelo - antigen wakhiwa okumsulwa imvubelo isiko.

Ukwenza yimuphi umuthi wokugoma kunganikeza ukungakhuli okuncane kwesikhashana impilo, kodwa-hepatitis B «Engerix" ngokuvamile ivikelwe kahle. Esimweni esejwayelekile wamasosha omzimba njalo wayefisa amasosha omzimba likhona.

Akuwona wonke umuntu ufuna zigonywe, kodwa kumelwe siqonde ukuthi ngaphandle kwabo ungathatha ingozi yokuba nezifo eziningi eziyingozi. Lapho lokugoma izidakamizwa "Isazi Engerix 'uyakucabangela inqwaba yezinto ezahlukene, okwenza kungabi umonakalo kungenzeka impilo. Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, sibonga ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele umgomo musa ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo.

Hlala uphilile!