Umtholampilo "Dignitas" - kuyini?

Abantu abaningi bazi igama elinjalo njenge-euthanasia, naphezu kokuthi eRussia ukuqaliswa kwalesi senzo kujeziswa ngumthetho. Ezweni lakithi, lifaneleka njengekubulala. NgesiGreki, igama lisho "ukufa okuhle, okuhle." I-Euthanasia yasungulwa ekwenzeni ukwelashwa njengendlela yokusiza umuntu ogulayo obhekene nezinhlungu ezingenakulinganiswa, ukuze aziqede ngendlela yokuphela kokuphila. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziswa isisetshenziswa esikhethekile noma enye imithi eqinisekisa ukufa okusheshayo nokubuhlungu. Kukhona futhi uhlobo lwe-euthanasia, njengokungathandeki, lapho odokotela beka ukusekela ukwelashwa.

Lokhu akuyona inkinga kulesi sihloko. Abaningi bazocabangela: ngabe ukuxhumana phakathi kwe "Dignitas" (kuyini, maduze kuzocaca) futhi "ukufa okuhle"? Yebo, oqondile kakhulu. Lokhu kungabonakala okwamanje.

Euthanasia: imithetho yamazwe ahlukene nemibono yabantu

Abantu babhekisela enkingeni ye-euthanasia ngezindlela ezahlukene. Abanye baphatha kabi, bechaza lokhu ngokuthi "konke kuyintando kaNkulunkulu." Abanye basekela ukubulawa kwe-euthanasia, bekholelwa ukuthi umuntu ofuna ukulahla ubuhlungu obungapheli ngenxa yesifo esingelapheki unelungelo eliphelele lokwenza kanjalo. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi bonke abantu bangazibulala ngenxa yamakhono abo okuziphatha noma okuziphatha, kumele kube khona umuntu ozomsiza kulokhu. Futhi akungabazeki ukuthi le ndima inikezwa udokotela.

I-Euthanasia manje ivunyelwe emazweni amaningana. Lawa yi-Albania, iBelgium, iNetherlands neSwitzerland. Kodwa ezweni lokugcina akulula kakhulu.

"Dignitas" - kuyini?

Igama lihunyushwa kusuka kwisiLatini ngokuthi "isithunzi". "Dignitas" ngumtholampilo waseSwitzerland, noma kunenhlangano engeyona inzuzo lapho abantu abanezifo ezibulalayo noma ukukhubazeka okukhulu bangasebenzisa insizakalo engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuzibulala". Okusho ukuthi, bathola izinto emva kokuthola ukuthi bafa, bezikhulula ekuhluphekeni.

Ngakho-ke, i-euthanasia (ngokubamba iqhaza kukadokotela) eSwitzerland ayivunyelwe, kodwa kungenzeka ukusiza ukuzibulala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, labo abafuna ukuxazulula ama-akhawunti ngokuphila kumele benze ucwaningo kumuntu wezifo zengqondo obanikeza umbono wokuthi isiguli senze isinqumo sodwa, ngengqondo yakhe efanele kanye nenkumbulo ekhanyayo. Kumelwe futhi kube nobufakazi obubhaliwe bokuthi umuntu empeleni uyagula futhi ehlupheka ngalokhu.

Umsunguli womtholampilo "Dignitas" nesimo sakhe sengqondo yokubulawa kwesifo sofuba

Isikhungo esithi "Dignitas" senzeke kanjani? Kuyini, sesiyazi kakade. Kodwa ngubani ongumsunguli we "umtholampilo wokufa", futhi ucabanga ukuthi ungubani: umsizi noma umbulali? Kuzo zonke izinto ezisheshayo ngokushesha, kufanelekile ukuthi umqondisi walenhlangano ungummeli. Ukuba "kuwe" ngemithetho yezwe lakhe, wathola izinyathelo ezifanayo, ngenxa yokuthi umtholampilo unelungelo lokuba khona.

"Dignitas" yavulwa ngo-1998. Njengoba sekuvele kubhaliwe ngenhla, lokhu kuyinhlangano engenzi inzuzo, okungukuthi, umgomo wokuba khona kwayo akuyona inzuzo yokwenza. Yilokho ngempela ummeli nomnikazi womtholampilo uLudwig Minelli asetshenzisiwe. Ngaphansi kwemithetho yaseSwitzerland umuntu oyedwa angasiza ekushiyeni ukuphila komunye uma engayenza ngokungathandeki. Futhi, yebo, ngokuvuma kwesibili.

Imithetho yaseSwitzerland nokukhona komtholampilo "Dignitas"

Ukucabangela konke okushiwo ngenhla, kungaphetha ngokuthi "indawo yokuhlala yokufa" ikhona ngokusemthethweni, kanti uMinelli akakwazi ukulethwa icala, ngoba konke kuhambisane nemibhalo. Kodwa lapha omunye umbuzo ukuphuza: kungani ummeli? Ingabe uyisakhamuzi esinesihawu kangaka?

Eqinisweni, umtholampilo uthola imali engenayo. Izinsizakalo lapha zibiza phakathi kwama-euro ayizinkulungwane ezingu-4-7. Umtholampilo usasebenza ngenxa yokuthi yonke imali etholakele kubantu abagulayo noma "abakhathele ngokuphila" baya ezenzakalweni zezokwelapha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuhlela umngcwabo wamawadi wangaphambili. Kodwa-ke, labo abake basebenze enhlanganweni ethi "Dignitas" (eSwitzerland), bathi ngezinye izikhathi izigameko ezibhekene ne-euthanasia zifaka uMinelli ngentando yakhe. Kodwa kwenzeka ngentando yaso yokuzikhethela. Ngakho-ke, akukho lutho oluzobonisa umqondisi. Khona-ke ungummeli wokuhlela konke ngendlela efanele.

I-Minelli inqabile kakhulu inika izingxoxo. Kodwa kwelinye lawo wathi umuntu unelungelo lokufa okufanelekile. Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi uMinelli ubheka "umsebenzi" wakhe into enhle.

Ukuzibulala okuhle noma ithuba lokubalekela?

Embuzweni wokuthi ubani ongasho ukuthi aphilile emiphakathini yabo, kunezimo ezibucayi. I-Euthanasia ingenziwa kumuntu onesifo esingelapheki nesiguli, ukukhubazeka nokubuhlungu okungapheli kwanoma yiluphi u-etiology, futhi impilo yakhe iyisihluthulelo esiqhubekayo kanye nokulindela ukufa.

Ku "Dignitas", eqinisweni, kuvela kancane kancane. Umuntu angangena emtholampilo futhi athi ukhathele ngokuphila, ngakho ufuna ukufa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akazange atholakale enezifo. Ngokuvamile kaningi laba besifazane. Abantu abanjalo, njengoba besho, bakhathele ukuphila. Ngokomqulu, zonke lezi ziguli zinenkinga enkulu yengqondo.

Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule kwenye yezinkulumo zakhe, uMinelli uthe umtholampilo wakhe eSwitzerland ("Dignitas") uzosiza ukuzibulala owesifazane onempilo ngokuphelele. Yiqiniso, ukugxeka kwakhe kwamshaya ikhanda lakhe, lapho umqondisi ngokwakhe evele evule khona. Uthe ukuzibulala kufanele kufinyeleleke hhayi kuphela kulabo abahluphekayo emzimbeni, kodwa nasebuhlungu obungokomoya. Futhi lo wesifazane wanquma ukushiya ukuphila kwakhe nomyeni wakhe, efa ngesifo esingelapheki, ngoba engaboni iphuzu lokuba khona kwakhe esikhathini esizayo ngaphandle komuntu othandekayo wakhe.

Umtholampilo "Dignitas" - umsunguli we "ukuvakasha ukufa" eSwitzerland

Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi kukhona into enjengokuthi "i-eutotourism". Singasho ukuthi kwavela ngenxa yeSwitzerland. Umtholampilo "Dignitas" useZurich, omunye wemizi ethandwa kakhulu ezokuvakasha ezweni. Kodwa isikhathi esithile manje lokhu ukuthandwa kuye kwaba "mnyama".

Eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule, idatha yaqala ukubonakala ukuthi iSwitzerland iba yindawo ethandwa kakhulu eYurophu, ekhethwe ngokuqondile ngenxa yendlela ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuvakasha kokufa". Lapha asikwazi ukukhipha indima ye "Dignitas", ngoba azikho izikhungo eziningi ezifanayo. Ukwengeza kulokhu isimo sengqondo esithembekile semithetho yaseSwitzerland kubantu abanobuhlungu kakhulu futhi abakhubazekile, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuyoba nokulahlwa okuphelele njengama-Minelli.

Ukwakhiwa "kokuvakasha kokufa" kwaba yisisusa senkulumo mayelana nokuvalwa komtholampilo "Dignitas", isithombe esingabonakala kulesi sihloko. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu kuyadingeka ukuba uthuthukise izindleko eziningi ezifanele. Sekuyiminyaka engu-7 kusukela ingxoxo yalolu daba, futhi icala ngephuzu elifile alizange lisuke. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuyaqhubeka kukhula.

Idatha eshaqisayo

Ngonyaka we-2010, abezindaba babike ukuthi abantu abangama-20% kulabo abahamba nge-euthanasia emtholampilo "I-Dignitas" ayinayo into ebulalayo, kodwa ngokuvamile ayikho izifo. Babephilile ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izici abantu.

Zonke izitifiketi zokufa ezanikezwa iziguli zangaphambili zomtholampilo "Dignitas" zafundwa. Kuyini? Kungani umuntu angathola i-euthanasia ngenkathi ephilile ngokuphelele? Abacwaningi abakwazi ukuqonda lokhu, ngoba amaphesenti angu-16% ayengenalo ulwazi mayelana nesifo esivele sikhona. Ngokusho kolwazi oluthile, laba bantu bavele bayeka ukuthanda impilo. Phakathi kwabo abakakholelwa kuNkulunkulu futhi bahlukanisile, izakhamuzi ezifunde kahle futhi ezinenzuzo. Abaningi babo bangabesifazane.

Ingabe "indawo yokuhlala yokufa" izovalwa?

Ngenkathi izinyathelo ezincane zingavinjelwe yi-bill edingekayo, uhulumeni ngeke akwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuvala umtholampilo lapho kungenzeka khona i-euthanasia. I-"Dignitas" namuhla iyisikhungo esihlambalazayo, okusebenza kwayo kuphakamisa ukungabaza okuthile ngokwezomthetho. Kodwa, futhi, umtholampilo uzovalwa ngo-2009, futhi manje ufika ekupheleni kuka-2016. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ngisho ukuqagela ukuthi le nhlangano izovalwa nini futhi ilahlwe ilungelo lokusebenza ngokujwayelekile.