Aluminium hydroxide

Ukubukeka aluminium hydroxide elandelayo izinto. Njengomthetho, kuba into emhlophe, zinhlobo gelatinous, nakuba kunokwehluka khona crystalline noma isimo amorphous. Ngokwesibonelo, ngefomu omisiwe ke crystallizes e zinhlayiya elimhlophe okuyizinto zingaxazululeki acid umsindo noma alkalis.

Aluminium hydroxide unganikezwa futhi crystalline esihle luyibhuqu lwezinyawo nombala omhlophe. khona okuvunyelwe pink kanye shades of gray.

I chemical formula kwakwakhe - Al (OH) 3. Egcekeni of alumina namanzi akha hydroxide aluminiyamu, amakhemikhali izakhiwo nayo kakhulu kunqunywa yizakhi ngezithako zawo. Le ngxube ibhalwe ngu basabela i usawoti aluminium nge alulaze alikhali kanye nokuxhumana, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuvimbela overabundance yabo. Etholwe ngesikhathi yokusabela aluminium hydroxide kwenze lingatholakala wasithukuthelela kufanele i-acid.

Aluminium hydroxide is wasithukuthelela isixazululo aqueous of rubidium hydroxide, i ingxubevange kwalowo izidakamizwa, cesium hydroxide, cesium carbonate. Kuzo zonke izimo, amanzi ikhishwe.

Aluminium hydroxide has a isisindo yamangqamuzana elilingana 78,00, cishe zingaxazululeki emanzini. izidakamizwa konga 3,97 g / cm3. Ukuba amphoteric, aluminium hydroxide is wasithukuthelela kufanele i-acid, lapho, e konemimoya etholwe besabela ngendlela efanayo namanzi usawoti ikhishwe. Lapho engena ukuphendula alkalis avele nosawoti eziyinkimbinkimbi - gidroksoalyuminaty, isib, K [Al (OH) 4 (H2O) 2]. Metaaluminate aba khona uma uphonsa aluminium hydroxide tho nge alkalies anhydrous.

Njengazo zonke izinto amphoteric, izakhiwo esidi eziyisisekelo kokubili aluminium hydroxide imibukiso ukusabela nge acid eqinile futhi alkalis. Kulezi ukusabela lapho ziyoncibilika acid uhlaba hydroxide athomu ye hydroxide kanye nokuxhumana ne alikhali - wajinge wanamatsela hydrogen ion. Ukuze ubone lokhu, kungenzeka, isibonelo, ukuqhuba ukusabela, okubandakanya aluminium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide. Kuyadingeka ukuba aqhube yokugcwalisa tube kancane aluminium sawdust futhi uthele esincane sodium hydroxide asisikhulu kunenkosi 3 namamililitha. I tube kufanele ivalwe uvalwe stoppered, futhi baqala Ukushisa kancane. Ngemva kwalokho, tube tripod fixing, kubalulekile ukuqoqa hydrogen anikezelwe omunye tube, uyifake kudivayisi pre-capillary. Ngemva ngomunye ngomzuzu le isitsha kufanele asuswe capillary futhi ukuletha ilangabi. Uma kwesibeletho ababebuthene hydrogen okumsulwa - esivuthayo kuyokwenzeka buthule, esimweni esifanayo, uma umoya - uyomshayela.

Aluminium hydroxide okulungiselelwe endaweni yokucwaninga ngezindlela eziningana:

- by ukusabela aluminium nosawoti kanye nezixazululo ane-alikhali;

- noqhekeko indlela aluminiyamu nitride bedle amanzi;

- carbon ngu sidlula endaweni Hydro ekhethekile equkethe Al (OH) 4;

- imiphumela ammonia ku alumina hydrate usawoti.

Ukukhiqizwa yezimboni kungenxa ukucutshungulwa bauxite. Isetshenziswa njengesici umthelela ubuchwepheshe aluminate izixazululo carbonates.

Aluminium hydroxide sisetshenziswa ekwenzeni umquba, cryolite, ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo yezokwelapha futhi eyenza imithi. Ngo Ukukhiqiza amakhemikhali ezazisetshenziselwa ukwenza ukulungiswa aluminium fluoride nesibabule. kwakwakhe esisemqoka ekwakhekeni iphepha, ipulasitiki, upende nabanye abaningi.

Ukusetshenziswa zokwelapha ngenxa ithonya elihle amalungiselelo equkethe isici esebenzayo ekwelapheni izifo esiswini hyperacidity umzimba izifo peptic.

Uma usingatha ketshezi, kufanele siqaphe ukuba ephefumula ka evala, njengoba kubangele umonakalo ezinzima wamaphaphu. Ukuba slabodeystvuyuschim laxative, kuyingozi ngemithamo ezinkulu. Lapho aluminosis kubangela ukugqwala.

Ingqikithi ngokwayo ivikeleke ngokwanele, ngoba akasabeli nge oxidants.