Broadsword - ukusika-and-Ukubhoboza izikhali. Incazelo nesithombe

Ezinsukwini ubudala, lapho enkundleni yempi wabusa ngokuphelele isikhali nhlangothi zombili, kanti nengqondo yomuntu befuna izindlela ezintsha ukubhubhisa zazo siqu wadala inkemba - isiphambano phakathi nenkemba saber. Wakhe oqondile, ngezinye izikhathi esika nhlangothi zombili, blade Raziel isitha ngempumelelo ukuze amakhulu eminyaka e izinqolobane lamazwe baseYurophu nase-Asia.

Imivubukulo emathuneni akudala

Bokuqala broadswords amasampula ezatholakala emathuneni baseBulgaria - abantu umsuka Turkic ngubani esezinzile IV V leminyaka asemaqeleni yaseNingizimu-Eastern Europe. Naphezu enkathini ezikude kangako, futhi wenza ukuba bonke we nezimfanelo ezifanayo ukuthi kwaqhubeka kukhona kwaze kwaba namuhla.

Kwakuyisikhathi isikhali cut-and-yelulela ngensingo esika nhlangothi zombili oqondile, kuze imitha ubude, e-Efesu, aklanyelwe ukuvikela izandla hilt athe lwalugobile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi broadswords noma okufanayo kakhulu esetshenziswa ngesikhathi Khazars, Avars, Alans, futhi eziningi nezinye abamele abantu basendulo babengazi.

Izinkemba ezandleni amaqhawe Asian

Okucishe design nokubukeka izikhali bladed kwakudlangile emazweni East nase-Asia Ephakathi. Ngo XIII-XIV khulu leminyaka, benza lawa abehlome ngezibhamu lwesiTatar-Mongol izindimbane, owenza kuphangwa yabo olunegazi futhi aphethwe belalela ingxenye enkulu ERussia yasendulo. izinkemba zabo kwadingeka ukugaya sohlangothi olulodwa, ukudala iqhawe inzuzo ethile e ukukhwezwa ukulwa izikhali ngenxa isisindo ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabantu kulula ukhiqiza ke eshibhile.

Izikhali eCaucasus

Basuke kabanzi futhi eCaucasus naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Isici esivamile se-broadswords wenza gunsmiths Oriental, waba ababuthakathaka Ukuvikelwa isandla. Efesu engakakhuli isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto sici for the isampula Sasentshonalanga Mayelana nokwenzeka kamuva, futhi kwaba, njengoba umthetho, kuphela ngesiphambano kusukela arc.

Phakathi broadswords, okuyinto ehlome izizwe eCaucasus zaziwa okuthiwa Frangulov. Bona zanikezwa Khevsurs - kwamaqembu ezinhlanga ayehlala emfuleni umcengezi Khevsurian Aragvi futhi sifinyelela engenhla Argun. hilt yabo futhi scabbard okovyvalis zethusi noma yensimbi amapuleti ngokucebile ehlotshiswe amaphethini ngesitayela kazwelonke. Kabanzi izinkemba Georgia. sici Babephokophele isibambo, efanayo ngokubukeka kulabo esikhathini sakamuva kungabonakala izingcezu nalawo agibela amahhashi.

Broadswords umsebenzi wezingcweti Indian

Kakhulu isikhali ethandwa kwaba nenkemba, e-India. Lapha, umklamo walo kwakunamafasitela izici zayo siqu, eyisikhulu phakathi okuyinto ukuma ukudla. Nge ubude ngamasentimitha mayelana ayisishiyagalombili eyodwa emaceleni imimese wenza namanye isandiso kuze kube sekupheleni, wayenamandla okweqanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba i umehluko yokuqala enamandla futhi enokwethenjelwa ivikela hilt ingalo, ehlanganisa izinkomishi ezimbili oxhumene by band steel. Lo mklamo wabizwa ngokuthi Kunda.

Phakathi Late Ephakathi, uvele India kanye olunye uhlobo broadswords, ngokuthi Firangi. okusuka kuye walala ikhaba, elase ngensimbi nengxenye, okungukuthi, ohlangothini emuva sokuboshwa nakuba kungaze kube yinxenye, kanye hilt Basket, eyayintula spike abukhali, ikhonza ukubandakanya isitha.

Amasampula lokuqala broadswords Western Europe

ENtshonalanga Yurophu, lolu hlobo isikhali uvele kuqhathaniswa sekwephuzile - ekhulwini XVI, kodwa kanye kwaba baziswa futhi okusakazekile. Esikhathini forties, hussars Hungarian abe umphelelisi kuya saber bendabuko ngesikhathi baqala ukusebenzisa inkemba yakhe.

Izikhali abethela eduze kwesihlalo futhi ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa sigameko, owawungumnyaka elula kakhulu ngenxa ikhaba eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umklamo isibambo, futhi abanye owawufana saber lwalugobile, ukugawulwa bavunyelwe ukuletha uthuthumele enamandla.

Ekupheleni umfutho eziphathekayo XVI ekhulwini kuya ukusabalala kwaleso broadswords Kwakubonakala eNtshonalanga Yurophu amayunithi njalo abagibele amahhashi esindayo - cuirassiers. Into ebalulekile yesambatho yabo ukuzivikela kwaba sesifuba sensimbi - cuirass, enokwethenjelwa zivikela saber amagalelo, kodwa basengozini blade esindayo futhi isikhathi eside, okwakubekelwa ifakwe uhlobo ngokukhethekile ka isikhali, wehlela emlandweni njengoba cuirassiers inkemba.

gunsmiths okusha Scottish

Ngesikhathi ukutlama we steel abandayo wenza Scotland. It yadalwa, futhi kamuva kwaduma lonke lase UK okuthiwa broadsword Scottish. Uma kuba inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili uwonke futhi yayifana nalabo okuyinto ayenendawo izinkemba, unogada - hilt esandleni ukuvikela of iqhawe, kuba into entsha.

Kwakuwuhambo esikhulu ufana inqola ngenombolo enkulu amagatsha. Uyiphebezile ebusweni engaphakathi isikhumba noma velvet abomvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hilt ehlotshiswe emabhulashini eyenziwe behhashi. inkemba Scots ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-round isihlangu encane. Le nhlanganisela ikuvumela ukuba ukuqhuba kokubili impi ukuzivikela futhi zihlasela.

Walloon izinkemba

Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi le inkemba Western Europe - isikhali, okuholela ekuguquleni nga pre-existing inkemba esindayo abakhwele amahhashi, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i isihlalo sehhashi, njengoba ngokuvamile pritorachivalas esihlalweni. Kule ndaba, ekuqaleni ngokuthi broadswords Walloon izinkemba, isihloko endaweni eBelgium, lapho lolu hlobo isikhali Yenziwa. sici alandisa kuyinto hilt kancane azilingani, enokwethenjelwa ukuvikela esandleni iqhawe ngokusebenzisa isitsha ifakwe nemengamo eziningi kanye crosspiece transverse.

izikhathi okusha - izitayela ezintsha

Ekhulwini XVII e amabutho emazweni amaningi European kukhona ahlomile ubunye inqubo. Ekuqaleni, indinganiso emashalofini olulodwa olulodwa wafingqa futhi squadrons, bese zonke izinhlobo nalawo agibela amahhashi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le nkemba, isikhali esasetshenziswa ngaphambi wonke abakhwele amahhashi, ngaphandle kokukhetha, uye waba yingxenye arsenal of a dragoon futhi cuirassier izingxenye.

Maphakathi nekhulu XVIII useshintshe Umklamo ikhaba. Esikhundleni blade esika nhlangothi zombili eza ngensimbi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela nokuba Butt blunt. Namanje lugcinwa ezakheke nobungako, lapho wahlala izikhali ngokwanele enamandla futhi ezisindayo.

Izikhali boarding amaqembu

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka emithathu, kusukela XVI kuya kweleshumi XIX, inkemba ayengasetshenziselwa kuphela ezweni kodwa futhi olwandle. Wayengumuntu iyingxenye ebalulekile ahlomile boarding amaqembu - thugs eligadulayo ngubani udonse izingwegwe steel Egibela umkhumbi isitha, bagijimela Melee. inkemba Basket-hilted kwakuhlukile baphume elizweni lakhe nabo, okokuqala kunakho konke, yokuthi ephakathini lakhe senziwe ngendlela amagobolondo.

Kwakukhona nezinye umehluko. Nanye emaceleni blade wayo eyayintula obuphelele, ukufinyelela amasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili, kanye ububanzi ezine amasentimitha, waba bancishwa fullers - Isiteshi longitudinal eklanyelwe ukwehlisa isisindo futhi unikeze amandla ezengeziwe. Kulesi sici, kolwandle kwaba njengobuhlungu elihamba inkemba, eyayinecilongo sici efanayo isakhiwo blade.

Broadswords ebuthweni Russian

ERussia, inkemba wabonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XVII. Lokhu kwakubangelwa kwatheleka enkulu angaphandle empini izikhulu ngokuvamile zahlulelwa nezibhamu nemimese. Ama ifotho, uqeda sihloko sethula broadswords eziningana naleso sikhathi, wenziwa eMoscow, kodwa esenziwe onobuhle angaphandle. Kubo, njengoba kungabonwa, libhekene ezitshekile isibambo, kulula ukusebenzisa Chop kusukela ihhashi lakhe, futhi isiphambano, eyayintula oqondile noma sehliselwe amathiphu blade.

Esikhathini ikota yokuqala yekhulu XVIII, ngaphansi uPetru mina, ibutho Russian Kwamiswa kulo dragoon regiments njengoba omunye izinhlobo ephumelela kunazo abagibele amahhashi esindayo. The main ingxenye ingxenye izikhali zabo kwaba nenkemba - isikhali kangcono kulolu hlobo amabutho. Isidingo ke imba eqolo, njengoba ngaphezu dragoon amayunithi, bona laba bebehlome ngezibhamu ihhashi-Grenadier futhi karabinerskie emashalofini.

Ukukhiqizwa futhi ukungenisa broadswords

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yaqala ukwenza indlela ifektri, ngaleyo ndlela wethula ubunye ezithile, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, nabaningi broadswords akhululwe phesheya. ENtshonalanga Yurophu, isikhungo esikhulu zokukhiqiza kwaba edolobheni laseJalimane Solingen, ngaleso sikhathi eziqhutshwa eziningi amabhizinisi, onguchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa steel abandayo.

Made in Russia broadswords kwadingeka eziningi izici zayo. Ngokwesibonelo, imikhiqizo ekhishwe phakathi nokubusa Umbusikazi uCatherine II, ehlotshiswe i umbhalo obonisa umqhele futhi monogram wakhe - "E II». I scabbard owenziwe lesikhumba noma ezenziwe ngokhuni futhi wambozwa lesikhumba. Lolusiko kwaqhubeka waze 1810, lapho umyalo u-Alexander I, zazenziwe metal. Okuwukuphela kwaba saber egibela, ogama scabbard zazisekhona lesikhumba.

Palash njengenhlangano uhlobo ezimele izikhali bladed luvame kakhulu engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIX. Ngalesi sikhathi, ayehlome Russian futhi amabutho amaningi aseYurophu eziningana zezinto eziphilayo yakhe. Phakathi kwabo, abacwaningi ezigqanyisiwe: Guards Cuirassier inkemba, cuirassiers ibutho, dragoons, futhi ekugcineni, i ngenkemba elihamba phansi. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo has izici zayo siqu. Common sici yabo baba design ikhaba, egcwele kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX nhlangothi zombili.

Izikhali, egcwele ucezu Museum

Namuhla, izinkemba kungabonwa kuphela ezandleni amasosha ekhipha ifulege udumo aqaphe Naval Fleet yeRussia. intuthuko kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe ngabaxosha yezikhali yesimanje. Zabulawa ezehlela izikhali cishe zonke ezisika nhlangothi zombili. Izithombe okwethulwa kulesi sihloko, kukhona uhlobo zokuhlola emhlabeni eyadlula lapho, bakhulise uthuli, waqhubeka kuhlasela Cavalry lava, futhi agcwala elangeni esingu kuze kube sezulwini izindwani esongelayo.