Isizwe Aztec. impucuko-Aztec: isiko, izinganekwane

Inca, ama-Aztec futhi Mayans - izizwe ongaqondakali kwanyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba. Kuze kube manje, ucwaningo Kwenziwa imivubukulo zonke izinhlobo izifundo ukuze uhlole ukuphila kwabo futhi ukunyamalala izizathu. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana isizwe esisodwa ezithakazelisayo. Ama-Aztec okwakudliwa ekhulwini XIV endaweni okuyinto manje kungokwalabo eMexico.

Yaba khona kuphi

Inani labantu Indian abantu mayelana 1.3 million. Lapho kwazalelwa khona legend-Aztec, kulesi siqhingi kwakuhlala Aztlán (e "izwe lezinto translation izindwandwe '). Ekuqaleni, amalungu esizwe babe abazingeli, kodwa ke, njengoba bazinza phansi, laqala ukwenza umsebenzi wezolimo kanye izikebhe, nakuba kwaba impela isizwe abangophakimpi. Ama-Aztec, ukuqala ukuhola ukuphila umzimba, u-Adalberto isikhathi eside ukufuna indawo efanelekayo. Benzé hhayi nomaphi, kodwa ngokuhambisana inkomba unkulunkulu wabo Huitzilopochtli. Ngokusho kwakhe, ama-Aztec kwakufanele ukubona ukhozi ehlezi cactus abashwabadela umhlaba.

kwenzeka

Naphezu strangeness lokhu uphawu iminyaka 165 ezulazulayo ezweni lama-Aztec eMexico baye bakwazi ukuhlangabezana le nyoni ongaqondakali nge ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile. Endaweni kwenzeka lapho, waqala ukuhlela esizweni. Ama-Aztec ngokuthi isiphetho sabo sokuqala Tenochtitlan (ukuhumusha - "isihlahla izithelo ezikhulayo ematsheni"). Enye igama kuleli zwe - Mexico City. Ngokuthakazelisayo, impucuko-Aztec sidalwe ngezizwe eziningana. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi leli yahanjelwa izizwe ezingengaphansi kweziyisikhombisa abakhuluma izilimi ahlobene, ezivame kakhulu okwakunzima isiNahuatl. Ngubani-ke, futhi ezifanayo kuzo zezigodi zikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kuka-1 million.

Lezinhlobo ephansi futhi abavelele emphakathini

Ingabe impucuko-Aztec uyisibonelo lenhlangano yesimanje emphakathini? Fighters kokulingana Ngokuqinisekile bekungeke uthanda division-Aztec ngu aristocrats futhi plebeians. Futhi amalungu umphakathi okusezingeni eliphezulu babe konke okuhle. Babehlala izigodlo zikanokusho, egqoka langa izingubo, udla okudla okunomsoco, kwadingeka eziningi amalungelo, ayesezikhundleni okusezingeni eliphezulu. I plebeians babesebenza phansi, adayiswa, esizingelwayo, badoba laphila ipilo nezicebile omakhelwane ethize. Kodwa ngemva kokufa kwazo zonke uthole i ithuba elilinganayo ukuze singene endaweni yabafileyo, abode unkulunkulukazi ukufa, Mictlan, noma iya izwe elingcono. Njengoba amasosha emhlabeni Aztec wasebenzisa inhlonipho ekhethekile abafileyo enkundleni yempi kungenziwa ephelezelwa ilanga kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga kuya-zenith, kanye nalabo abaye wenziwa umhlatshelo. Ukuhlonishwa ukuba ahambe ilanga kusukela zenith kwelanga ethola abesifazane ngubani washona ebeletha. "Lucky Wena" kungaba kubhekwe futhi labo abaye ababulawa wumbani noma baminza. Awela endaweni yasezulwini, lapho kwahlala unkulunkulu wemvula Tlalokan.

Obaba and Sons

Ize kulandele isizwe okukhulunywa ngazo kulesi sihloko, ngonanzelelo emfundweni yezingane. Kuze kube unyaka 1 baletha ekhaya, kwase kudingeka sokuya esikoleni esikhethekile sezikhonzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liyala kokubili abafana namantombazane, nakuba yokugcina avame washada, wahlala ekhaya wabukela nezinkomo izingane. Abavamile babefundiswa amakhono wezandla, ezindabeni zezempi. Aristocrats wafunda ngomlando, ukufunda izinkanyezi, ezenhlalo izifundo, imikhosi, ukuphathwa. Izingane amalungu umphakathi okusezingeni eliphezulu kwakungafanele cit. Basebenza wezemiSebenzi yoMphakathi, isuswe emasontweni, bahlanganyela emikhosini. Amadoda amadala walinda udumo, inhlonipho ngamalungelo ahlukahlukene.

-Aztec namasiko

Akumangalisi lokhu elahlekile impucuko ayimkhangi ngisho nanamuhla. Ama-Aztec babe amakhosi olukhulu izikebhe zabo, ngakho izakhiwo, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu itshe nobumba, izindwangu, izinto izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ikakhulukazi ovelele ikhono-Aztec ukwenza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kusukela izimpaphe eliqhakazile izinyoni ezishisayo. Futhi abadumile yamatshe-Aztec nemihlobiso. Aristocrats nesithakazelo ezincwadini. Abaningi babo kungenzeka walala inkondlo noma ukubhala umsebenti wetemlomo. Ukuze ezisekhona ezinganekwaneni, tindzaba, tinkondlo, izincazelo imicikilisho abantu. Iphepha amabhuku senziwa emagxolweni. Abathandwayo futhi amakhalenda edale lesi isizwe. Ama-Aztec ayesebenzisa ilanga futhi ikhalenda isiko. Ngokuhambisana ikhalenda solar zazenziwa emisebenzini yezolimo kanye nomsebenzi zenkolo. Wawunamabhodi ezingu-365. Ikhalenda sesibili sihlanganisa kwezinsuku ezingu-260, elasetshenziselwa izibikezelo. Mayelana isiphetho indoda wehlulelwa ngendlela yabelethwa lapho ilanga lase. Kuze kube manje, abaningi yengcebo abazingeli dream lokuthola igolide Aztec. Futhi babehlala isikhathi sabo ocebile kakhulu. Lokhu kufakazelwa izindaba abanqobi Spanish. Bathi Aztec abacebile, ikakhulukazi inhlokodolobha, Tenochtitlan, wadla walala ngasemnyango igolide. Ngobakho usethe sobukhosi segolide, esinqeni okuyinto babengabaprofethi bullion igolide.

inkolo-Aztec

Abantu abavela lokhu isizwe wayekholelwa ukuthi kukhona onkulunkulu abaningana ukuthi ukulawula amandla emvelo futhi isiphetho sabo womuntu. Babengabafowabo onkulunkulu amanzi, ummbila, imvula, ilanga, impi, nabanye abaningi. Ama-Aztec eyakhelwe omkhulu, amathempeli ngokucebile ahlotshiswa. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke yayizimisele unkulunkulu oyinhloko Tenochtitlán futhi kwaba 46 amamitha eliphezulu. Amathempeli yayiqhutshelwa rites nemihlatshelo. It okwakukhona phakathi Aztec kanye nomqondo umphefumulo. Babekholelwa ukuthi indawo yawo yokuhlala e indoda kukhona izitsha inhliziyo negazi. Sithatha pulse ukubonakaliswa yayo. Ngokwe-Aztec, umphefumulo ayifake umzimba womuntu onkulunkulu ngesikhathi lapho esesibelethweni. Laba bantu babekholelwa nokuthi umphefumulo ifa izinto nezilwane. Ama-Aztec ngicabange ukuthi phakathi kwazo kwakukhona uxhumano ekhethekile elikuvumela ukuba basebenzisane ngezinga angaphatheki. Futhi, ama-Aztec wacabanga ukuthi umuntu ngamunye abe double magic. Ukufa kwakhe kwabangela ukufa lomuntu. Njengoba izisulu Aztec Emathileyi kwezithombe zabo igazi siqu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thina ukwenza ukuzophisa. Ngokuvamile, ama-Aztec babenikela imihlatshelo womuntu inqwaba. Eqinisweni Akwaziwa ukuthi ngesikhathi ukukhanyisa kweThempeli Omkhulu wabantu 2,000 waba umhlatshelo. Ama-Aztec wacabanga mayelana nokuphela kwezwe, futhi wayekholelwa ukuthi semali igazi uyakwazi ukushweleza konkulunkulu futhi sihlale sinombono emhlabeni.

impucuko-Aztec lalahleka ngenxa yokuhaha KwabaseSpain. Kwathi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVI, kodwa namanje ekujabulisayo umcabango umlando ezimpilweni isizwe, kwanyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba. Ingabe injabulo igolide-Aztec kuletha, wonke umuntu unquma bebodwa.