Homo Heidelbergensis, noma Homo erectus ekugcineni kwaba. Ngangibukeka njengomuntu nalokho akwenza Homo erectus ekugcineni kwaba?

Isithakazelo kwenzekani ngenkathi izenzakalo lasendulo kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku. Lokhu kuyaqondakala: abantu endala futhi lasendulo, nakuba sihluke ekubukekeni kwethu futhi indlela yokuphila okhokho bethu. Evolution akazange akhohlwe nakancane wayeka, waliguqula izidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni Earth, waliguqula eyodwa uhlobo lwabantu nezinye.

Omunye Imivubukulo izenze uzibophezele esanda kutholakala, ukuvumele ukuthola ukuthi ngaphezu zonke Cro-magnon futhi Neanderthal indoda edume yayikhona ifomu bakudala ngaphezulu komuntu, okuthiwa i-Homo Heidelbergensis. Uyini umehluko phakathi isidalwa ezinengqondo kwabanye? Yini okutholakele, abavubukuli izazi zemvelaphi nenhlalo yabantu ziye kwenziwa, behlola isidumbu sakhe? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo sizozama ukuchaza kulesi sihloko.

Lapho egcotshwa ngubani Homo erectus ekugcineni kwaba kwatholakala

Izinsalela indoda, ebizwa nge "Heidelberg", ukuvula usosayensi Shotenzakom German ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 eduze kwedolobha elincane Heidelberg. Yingakho wanikwa igama elinjalo. I we wezinsalela zamandulo ukujula kwaba mayelana 24 amamitha lisemhlabathini. Heidelberg indoda, noma kunalokho umhlathi wakhe, ihlanganisa kokubili izici bakudala (massiveness kanye nokuntuleka kwesilevu projector), futhi izimpawu umuntu wanamuhla (izinyo isakhiwo).

Ososayensi wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi lolu hlobo bakudala isidalwa esihlakaniphile esinesifiso wahlala-Early Pleistocene (mayelana 420.000 edlule). Iphinde waveza zinsalela izingxenyana zemizimba ka kunobhejane lasendulo, amahhashi, amabhubesi nezinyathi.

Ucwaningo izingcezwana skull avunyelwe nje kuphela ukuthola indlela ukubheka Heidelberg indoda (ukubukeka yomuntu bakudala, njengoba sazi, ungakwazi ukutshela okuningi), kodwa futhi ukwenza ezinye, ezibaluleke kakhudlwana. Mayelana nabo sizochaza kamuva kancane, futhi manje uzama ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kwaba ukhokho womuntu ngaphandle.

ukubukeka elilinganiswayo

Heidelberg ngomuntu ngokwenani imibono yososayensi, e ukubukeka hhayi ngokungafani Sinanthropus efanayo futhi Pithecanthropus. ebunzini ezitshekile, amehlo ejulile usethe, abavelele emihlathini phambili okukhulu ezibhekwa isici esivelele sabantu wangaleyo nkathi. Ububanzi yomgogodla, ezifanayo isakhiwo kuya Neanderthal, yaholela esiphethweni sokuthi lesi uyisidalwa okunengqondo ukuhambahamba ngemilenze yangemuva, okungukuthi, phezu kwezinyawo, kanye umuntu okhona. Ukuphakama Heidelberg ndoda yayiyisibani side kunaleso lo Neanderthal, kodwa esingaphansi umuntu Cro-magnon, owayenguyise abaseduze isakhiwo skeleton ukuba lendoda wanamuhla.

Izimo zaba khona Heidelberg indoda

Heidelberg indoda, nahlulele by indawo isidumbu sakhe, wahlala emihumeni yemvelo, kanye nakwezinye izindawo lapho ungakwazi ayokhosela kusukela sezulu nasezilwaneni eziyingozi. Abamele lolu hlobo lwabantu lasendulo kakade wayazi ukuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani amathuluzi lasekuqaleni. Lokhu kuboniswa eduze Imiphumela izinsalela zamathambo izingcezu Silicon eyayenziwe iphathwa, okuyinto cishe basebenzisa njengoba scrapers kanye izindwani.

Abantu endala futhi lasendulo yonke indawo wahlanganyela ukuhlangana nokuzingela kwezilwane, futhi luhlobo luni lwabantu okukhulunywa ngazo kulesi sihloko, kwaba okufanayo. Endaweni yawo abavubukuli amathambo isilwane atholakele, okuyinto kubonakala sengathi kudliwa ngabantu Heidelberg.

Amakilasi Heidelberg indoda

Lolu hlobo indoda bakudala kwaba umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya ukuphila emphakathini hlobo zabo. Heidelberg abantu wadala namaqembu amakhulu, ngakho kwaba lula ukuze azingele ukukhulisa inzalo kanye nje ukuba basinde kule izikhathi ngokhahlo. Yenza izingubo bakudala ngezikhumba Heidelberg kaloku uAdam wamazi kanjani ukukhuluma ngakho wathola izinsalela isilwane izikhumba. Ngokusekelwe lokhu, singakwazi kugcwale umlomo ukuthi lolu hlobo ukusetshenziswa amathuluzi hhayi kuphela imvuthuluka zamatshe, kodwa futhi amathambo izinhlanzi nezilwane (izinaliti, awls, nokunye. N.).

Ngezinye Heidelberg ndoda yayinemibuzo ngolimi lwakhe?

Njengoba sazi, endulo kwakukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene zabantu. Evolution "wasebenza" phezu ukubukeka kwabo hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi lokho manje okuthiwa emakhonweni okukhulumisana, okusho ikhono lokukhulumisana. Isakhiwo emhlathini ugebhezi izingcezwana satholakala Heidelberg abantu wavumela ososayensi ukuba aphethe ngokuthi unekhono ukukhipha umsindo isho, okungukuthi. Isakhiwo diaphragm, emhlathini kanye umsele umgogodla libuye lithi ngukhokho abantu wakwazi hhayi kuphela ukushicilela imisindo bakudala, kodwa futhi kwakha ilunga imphimiso ukulungisa ivolumu. Yiqiniso, thina kulokhu ungaya ku iqoqo lamagama 10, engasekho. Noma kunjalo, leli qiniso kusikisela umuntu Heidelberg njengoba humanoids okunengqondo, ikhono ukuqaphela imisindo esizwe sabo, futhi ngenxa yalokho uxhumana nabo ezingeni sizathu, kunokuba imizwelo engokwemvelo.

Ubuzimu emphakathini Heidelberg indoda: ukudla isiko noma isiko elithile?

Ezichazwe ngenhla, nakuba kwatholakala okuthile okumangalisayo, kodwa namanje izikhathi Heidelberg indoda yahlaselwa abavubukuli zesayensi yendabuko kakhudlwana. Iqiniso liwukuthi kanye namathambo esidla izihluzu kwezilwane, ososayensi baye bathola amathambo abantu bakudala, lowo ngokusho kubo amathrekhi asele babemane esidla izihluzu. Ingabe kakade ezihlakaniphile banezimfanelo iziqalo yokukhuluma, indoda bakudala kwaba cannibal? Yebo, libalulekile. Nakuba, inani amathambo atholakala ayikwazanga wathi abantu Heidelberg wadla uhlobo zabo nsuku zonke. Cishe, ubuzimu wawuyingxenye umkhuba, ziba yizisulu amathambo womuntu, ngokungafani izinsalela isilwane, ayehlukanisiwe lonke izingcezwana ezitholakele.

Heidelberg abantu ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni emphakathini bakudala futhi ukuvela indoda. Lokhu okwatholakala namanje kubabangele puzzle eziningi kumelwe zixazululwe.