"Bay Ibhuloho" - Ibhuloho phakathi e-San Francisco kanye Oakland

Ibhuloho phakathi e-San Francisco kanye Oakland (isithombe kukhonjisiwe ngezansi) ubhekwa ngesimanga ukwakhiwa. E-US, nguye aziwayo kangcono ngokuthi "Bay Ibhuloho". Akunjengesikhathi zithandwa yizivakashi ngokuthi "Golden Gate", kodwa futhi Kumqoka kakhulu esifundeni.

Okudingekayo ukuze ukwakhiwa

Ngo-1869, insimu yase-US ixhunywe ku ujantshi onqamula. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-San Francisco kwaba nedolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke ogwini Pacific. Kusukela onguthelawayeka eyakhelwe izakhamuzi zakhona za- ahlukaniswe eGulf of St Francis. Cishe ngaso leso sikhathi ngemva kwalokho, iziphathimandla zedolobha usuqalile ukukhuthaza umqondo walokho udinga ukwakha ibhuloho phakathi e-San Francisco kanye Oakland. San Francisco obekungase ulahlekelwe ithonya labo kanye nesimo. Ngokushesha okukhulu, ikomiti ekhethekile yasungulwa, elimalungu alo basungula uhlelo futhi nixoxe ukwakhiwa ngensimbi onguthelawayeka. Ngaphambi kokuqala imisebenzi kwakuseyimpi esiningi, kodwa ekuqaleni kwaba namanje kunesidingo.

design

Emuva kokuba ukuphisana eside futhi mpikiswano ke walungisa uhlelo ukuze kwakhiwe into, owawuthi ukwakhiwa kwakufanele kuqale nge Oakland. Isendleleni nokwakha ukudabula okuthiwa Standing Up, eyayizoba wafohla Umhubhe. Lo mbono ngokushesha wagxeka. Iqiniso liwukuthi kuleli qophelo ethekwini kwaba ezingalindelekile futhi ngempela ezijulile. Mayelana nale phrojekthi, lapho kwakuhlelwe ukwakha ibhuloho San Francisco, Oakland, lihlehliselwe isikhathi eside.

Neziphathimandla zedolobha usubuyelé lo mbono kuphela eko kwekhulu elidlule. It is ngalesi sikhathi, wawa phansi ekuqaleni kowezi imoto e-United States. Izinga yentuthuko ubunjiniyela eye wavumela ukusetshenziswa isakhiwo ukumiswa, kunokuba ukwesekwa, ngakho kwanqunywa ukusebenzisa ubudala iphrojekthi mutatis mutandis. Nokho, ngalesi sikhathi kwakukhona enye inkinga. Ubethula elihlobene ne indawo Imbuzi Isiqhingi isizinda amabutho asolwandle American. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye buhlungu ukukhuthaza udaba Congress ekuqaleni kuka-1931, it wathola imvume ukuqala ukwakhiwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi base liqhubekile esiqhingini kuze 1977.

isakhiwo

Ibhuloho phakathi e-San Francisco kanye Oakland baqala ukwakha 9 Julayi 1933. Umsebenzi wokwakha kuqondiswe yi wezakhiwo odumile ngaleso sikhathi Ralph Modjeska. Usonkontileka waba American Ibhuloho Inkampani. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa "Bay Ibhuloho" zonke eziphambili futhi isakhiwo edume kakhulu ubuchwepheshe isetshenzisiwe. Ukuze unike amandla okunokwethenjelwa Imingcele nezipani of izisekelo, onjiniyela uhlelo kwezobuchwepheshe. Sici Its kwaba iqiniso ukuthi ucabangela uhlobo umhlabathi phansi bay nokujula. Ngo parallel, abakhi waqala ukwakha Umhubhe esiqhingini, ogama ubude 160 metres, futhi ubukhulu - 23 amamitha. Ngaleyo ndlela usetha irekhodi emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi.

ukutholakala

Umsebenzi wokwakha owathatha iminyaka engu-ezingaphezu kwezintathu. Inani ukhonkolo nensimbi ziye wachitha ngoba ukugcwaliseka yabo. Novemba 12, 1936 emcimbini onesizotha, okuyinto wavulwa elihlanganisa San Francisco kanye Oakland. Ukuvakashela kwakhe kuMbusi Frank Mariam. Ngemva kwenkulumo ezethula angakuqeda esebenzisa igesi Welding "iribhoni" kuyinto uchungechunge gilt. Phakathi ngosuku lokuqala ukusebenza izindawo ke ewela izimoto ezingaphezu kuka-120 eziyinkulungwane. Ukugubha ukuvulwa into etholakala Gulf lwemikhumbi Navy ngisho wenza show ukukhanya.

Kusukela ezinsukwini lokuqala "Bay Ibhuloho" yokugibela ku kwaba 65 amasenti. Kuthathwa isamba ngokweqile kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngemva Izibuyekezo eziningi ezibucayi iziphathimandla zedolobha ziye zanciphisa intengo 25 amasenti.

Isimo samanje

Ibhuloho phakathi e-San Francisco kanye Auckland kuyinto ezimbili-uqimba isakhiwo ubude 7.2 amakhilomitha. Siqukethe ezimbili nobubanzi besandla. Eyokuqala uxhuma eSan Francisco imbuzi isiqhingi, ukuhamba izimoto ku ebanjwa entunjeni imitha-160. Ingxenye yesibili ziphonswe phakathi kulesi siqhingi Auckland. Imali ikhokhwa. Izindleko Its $ 7. Nokho, wakhokha kuphela uma ihamba kusukela empumalanga kuya entshonalanga. Bobabili amazinga kufanele imizila emihlanu izimoto. Ububanzi yabo Imininingwane kuyinto 17.5 m. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphambi Ezansi isetshenziselwa ukuhamba izitimela, kodwa lo komzila adiliza ngo-1963. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ngo-uqimba ngamunye izimoto lihamba bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene.

isici esithakazelisayo

Ukuphakama "Bay Ibhuloho" endaweni ephakeme kakhulu 57 amamitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yayo ngokuvamile abangela kugadle inhlekelele. Lapho isimo sezulu lungumxokozeli, ukubonakala kakhulu, ngakho ukuthola ukuthi ingxenye eyinhloko isakhiwo, phansi abakwazi ukubona. Akumangazi ukuthi abanye abashayeli bayesaba ukuhamba kuwo. Kubantu abanjalo nokuphathwa kwebhuloho inikeza isevisi yasekuqaleni. It itholakala lokuthi ukuthi inani elincane emashumini ambalwa zamadola professional umshayeli fumana imoto ngaphesheya kwebhuloho phakathi San Francisco kanye Oakland e noma isiqondiso. umnikazi wemoto ngalesi sikhathi nje zidluliselwa ku-abagibeli.