Ukufakwa kwephahla elithambile: amanani, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemiyalelo

Ukwehla okunamandla kungenye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zokuvikelwa kwephahla ezivela ezindaweni ezimbi ezingemvelo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinhlobonhlobo zayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, amasu amaningana okubhala. Mayelana nendlela ukufakwa kwephahla elithambile kwenziwa ngayo ngalokhu noma kunjalo, sizokhuluma ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko. Lezi zinto zingenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.

Ukuqhafaza okushelelayo

It is fixed by mastic bitumen. Isibonelo salolu hlobo lokugqoka singanikezwa okubonakalayo okuphahleni. Izinzuzo zaloluhlobo lokugqoka zihlanganisa, okokuqala, isisindo esincane futhi kulula ukufakwa. Ezingalungeni - amanani amanengi amakhulu.

Amathayili aphansi

I-ruberoid efanayo, kodwa uthathe izicucu ngamagundane ukulingisa izikhwama zangempela. Ukuthola zonke izinzuzo nokulimala kokuthungwa ngokweziko kuzwakalise, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kubonakala kahle, njengoba kungaboniswa kunoma imiphi imibala ngokulingisa isithunzi esivela ku-shingles langempela.

Uphahleni oluthambile oluthile

Uphahleni oluthile lubuye lithengiswe emigqumeni, kodwa lugxiliswa ngokuqhaqhazela i-mastic esetshenziswe kakade ekubambeni lapho ishisa ngomshini wegesi. Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwephahla oluphansi zihlanganisa isisindo esincane, amandla nokuqina, kanye nokumelana nemisebe ye-UV nokuphawuleka okukhulu kokushisa. Ukufakwa kwephahla elithambile (isithombe senqubo singabonakala kukhasi elingezansi) kunzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa ngaphandle kokugaya izinto zokuphahla. Lokhu kungabhekwa kwamanye amaminithi wendaba.

Ufakwe futhi upende

Uphahleni oluthile olupenda futhi olufakwe ngamanzi aluhlaza - into engenawo amanzi, lapho, uma isetshenziswe ophahleni, ubeka ungqimba oluvikelekile oluvikelayo. Inzuzo engafanele yalolu hlobo lwephahla elithambile ukuqina nokuqina. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesidingo sokusebenzisa imishini ebiza kakhulu, uphahla olunjalo luvame ukuhlelwa ophahleni lwezinto zezimboni, kanye nezindlu eziningi zedolobha.

Ukufakwa kwe-rolling roofing

Okokuqala, ake sibheke indlela yokufaka uphahla oluphansi lwe-roll roll . Ingabe ochwepheshe batusa lo msebenzi nomsizi. I-ruberoid iyakunqunywa kuqala futhi ishiya umhluku ukulala kuze kube sekuseni. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kube lula ukufakwa kwabo ophahleni. Ukubhekwa ngaphansi kwanoma yikuphi ukuthutha okupholile kufanele kuqhubeke. Ungayenza, isibonelo, kusuka plywood. Umyalelo wokukhuphula izinto zokuphahla kanje:

1. Uphahleni lufakwe nge-bitumen mastic emithambekeni emnene - imivimbo, ephezulu - eqinile.
2. Endaweni engaphezu kwe-oversaturated, ishidi le-ruberoid licindezelwa ngokuqinile futhi lihlehlisiwe (njengephephadonga).
3. Ziyakhuliswa futhi zengezwe ngaphezu kokujula okungaba ngu-15 cm emaphethelweni wekhasi.
4. Umhlu olandelayo uyadluliswa.

Ngakho-ke, kutholakala uphahla oluthembekile oluthembekile. Imiyalo yokufaka yale nguqulo ngeke iphelele, ngaphandle kokuthi ungeze ukuthi ungqimba olulodwa lwezinto zokuphahla kusuka ekuvukeni ngeke ulondoloze. Iqiniso liwukuthi le nto ibuthakathaka kakhulu ekuphukeni futhi yonakaliswe kalula. Inani lezingqimba lixhomeke ekuthambekeni kokuthambekela kwemigwaqo ephahleni. Isibonelo, ophahleni olunzulu (ngo-15 ^o ) basetshenziswa ezine. Ephakeme emthambekeni, ukuhlanganiswa okuningi phakathi kwamashidi kusiqondiso esinqunyiwe. Kumthambeko wama-degrees angu-15, kufanele kube okungenani ama-12 cm. Ukuvezwa okunemizwa emibili kukhiqizwa - ngaphandle kokufafaza nokufafaza. Uhlobo lokuqala lusetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izigaba eziphakathi, uhlobo lwesibili lisetshenziselwa ukunamathisela izendlalelo eziphakathi.

Ngemuva kokufaka uphahla lophahleni oluthambile kuyokwenziwa, ukuhlolwa okuncane kwamandla okuqinisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwaziswa kuvele nje ukuzama ukusikhipha ku-crate endaweni ethile ekhoneni. Uma ephethe ngokuqinile, kusho ukuthi konke kwenziwa kahle.

Ukufakwa kwamathayili athambile

Manje ake sibone ukuthi uphahla oluthambile olunamathele lubekwe kanjani. Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka kulesi simo kanje:

1. Ngaphambilini, uphahla luhlanganiswe nekhanda elikhethekile lokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, eliphelele ngamateyili. Yiphinde uyibeke ezinsikeni zokuphahla ezisekelweni ezingezansi. Kulesi simo, phezulu kweshidi ngalinye lihlelwe ngezipikili zokuphahla ezinezinyathelo ezingama-40 cm phezulu kanye no-10 cm phansi.
2. Ngemuva kokuthi konke ukuphahla kuhlanganiswe, umdwebo wezinto ezifanayo uhlanganiswe ngendlela ehamba phambili nesigodi. Ibuye ihlanganiswe ukuphahla izipikili ezinesisindo sika-20 cm ezinhlangothini zombili.
3. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka ama-cornice nokugcina amapuleti ensimbi, okuvame ukuhlinzekwa kulesi kit. Zenziwe ngezinto ezincane kakhulu futhi zingahle zibekwe ezipikili ezifanayo. Ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngesinyathelo se-10 cm "inyoka".
4. Khona-ke i-carpet isakazwa. Lesi sici sinombala ofanayo nesikhahlamba esithambile esifanayo. Yilungiselele emgqeni wokungena kwamanzi ngezipikili ezinyathelweni zika-10 cm.
5. Ukufakwa kwephahla elithambile kuqhutshwa ngokufakwa kwe-tape cornice. Yenziwe ngento efanayo nephephethi. Beka phezu kwezipikili ngaphasi kommbila nge-indentation kusukela ekugcineni kwamamitha amabili. Okokuqala, ifilimu evikelayo isusiwe ngemuva.
6. Isinyathelo esilandelayo empeleni ukufakwa kwetafula elithambile. Sebenzisa imivimbo enezikhala ezivela emaphakheji amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa (4-6). Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvumelanisa umbala. Nge-strip ngayinye susa ifilimu evikelayo bese uyicindezela ngendwangu yeglue phezulu kwendlu.
7. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa okungeziwe ngezipikili zokuphahla kwenziwa ngesikhashana phezu komshini ngamunye futhi ezingeni elifanayo emaphethelweni.
8. Umugqa ngamunye olandelayo uhanjiswe ngendlela yokuthi amacilongo ama-shingles ahambelana nokunqunywa kwezingxenye zomugqa owedlule.
9. Ukufakwa kwamatayela kuqala phakathi kwendawo, ukuthuthela emaphethelweni. Emaphethelweni, ingxenye eyinqunyiwe inqunywe futhi umkhawulo unamathele emaphepheni okuvimbela amanzi amanzi nge-bituminous mastic.
10. Ngokufanayo, gcoba amathayili emgodini wendwangu, uwasika ngepandeti yeplywood bese ushiya uhlaka lwekhabethe elingenalutho ngo-15 cm ezinhlangothini zombili zesigodi se-valley.

Ukufakwa kwe-fusion ukuphahlazeka

Uphahla oluphefumulayo luphinde luhlinzekwe emigqumeni. Umehluko walo ophahleni ozwakalayo ukuthi i-mastic bituminous isivele isetshenziselwa ngaphansi kwezingqimba. Ngokuvamile, ingilazi isetshenziselwa ukumboza uphahla. Ukufakwa kwephahla elithambile lolu hlobo ngokuvamile kuvunyelwa abantu abathathu. Lo msebenzi uqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. I-casing ifakwe ngokulinganayo ngendwangu ye-bitumen, ihlanjululwe nge-petroli.
2. Ukubeka amashidi kwenziwa ngokuqondile kusuka phezulu kuya phansi. Okwokuqala, umkhawulo ophezulu kakhulu wesigcawu esigodini uhlanganisiwe. Ufudumala ngesibani futhi ucindezelwe ngokumelene ne-crate.
3. Bese uqaqa kabusha futhi (ukugoqa kwe-bitumine).
4. Indoda eyodwa iyifaka nge-hook, kancane kancane iphuma.
5. Umuntu wesibili, njengoba ephuma, ushisa uphahla oluphezulu lwe-bituminous ne-burner. Lezi zinsuku ziqala ukuqubuka futhi zenze i-roller adhesive roller emkhatsini ophahleni kanye nomqulu.
6. Okulandelayo qhubeka nokunamathisela okulandelayo. Ukuqoqa phakathi kwesondelene kufanele kube ngu-15 cm.

Ngakho bahlanganisa uphahla lonke. Njenganoma yikuphi okunye okuthungayo okuphahleni, ukuvikelwa kuzosebenza kuphela uma uhambisa izingqimba eziningana. Esikhathini esiphakathi, i-fusible material ingatholakala endaweni ophahleni. Yileyo ndlela uphahla oluthambile oluhlanganiswe ngayo. Ubuchwepheshe, njengoba ubona, akuyona inkimbinkimbi ngokukhethekile.

Izinhlobo zokwaziswa okuphahleni okufakiwe

Njengendlela yokumboza ukungena emanzini, kulokhu kusetshenziselwa ingxube eqinisa emoyeni futhi yakha ifilimu eqinile yokuzivikela yobukhulu obuhlukile. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo zayo ezitholakalayo:

1. Okukodwa-ingxenye. Ifakwe emhlabathini ngensimbi ephezulu.
2. Izigaba ezimbili. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukwakheka kwe-polymer-bitumende kanye ne-hardener kuxubene. Icindezelwe kumshini wokufiphala futhi isetshenziswe ngendwangu yobuningi obudingekayo.
3. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bitumen-polym. Isetshenziswe ebusweni nge-spatula noma i-roller. Lapho ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese, lezi zihlukahlukene zivame ukusetshenziselwa, ngoba ayidingi ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ebiza kakhulu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa ukwakhiwa kwe-bitumen-polymer ophahleni

Okulandelayo, sizohlola indlela uphahleni oluthambile lwe-bituminous luhlangene ngayo. Imiyalo yokufaka:

1. Uphahleni lususwe ophahleni.
2. Ubuso buhlanjululwa ukungcola.
3. Ngesibhamu, isendlalelo se-primer sitholwa, okudingekayo ukwandisa izindawo zokunamathisela zomhlaba.
4. Uphahleni lubekwe nge-bitumen-polymer mastic, besebenzisa i-brush noma i-roller.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ungqimba oluvikelayo lunokwethenjelwa ngokweqile, uphahla lubekwe ngezigaba eziningana. Ophezulu kakhulu uvame ukuthembeka okukhulu nangesihlabathi esikhulu esihlungiwe.

Iyini izindleko zokuvikela uphahla ngephahla elithambile

Ngakho-ke, sithole ukuthi uphahleni oluthambile lufakwe kanjani. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhuphula lesi sihloko kuyisisekelo, ngakho-ke ukufakwa kungenziwa kalula ngokuzimela. Okulandelayo, ake sibheke ukuthi kungakanani ukuvikelwa okwenziwe uphahla. Intengo ixhomeke ngokuyinhloko kwizinto ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenzisiwe, futhi, nakanjani, inani lezinhlayiya ezifakwe emaceleni noma ezihlanganisiwe. Kodwa-ke, ngokujwayelekile, uphahla olunjalo luphansi kunezinye, olwenziwe kwezinye izinto.

Isibonelo, umqulu we-ruberoid kumamitha angu-15 ubiza ama-ruble angu-200 (ngo-2014). Ububanzi besampula esilinganiselwe imitha eyodwa. Ngenxa yalokho, u-1 m ² ubiza ama-ruble angu-13. Ngakho-ke, imitha yendawo yophahla lwezingxenye ezintathu - ama-ruble angu-40 (ngaphandle kwama-mastic). Imitha yesigreke ingilazi cishe ngama-ruble angu-30-50. Ngakho-ke, u-1 m ² ezinqabeni ezintathu kuzodingeka akhokhe ama-ruble ayi-100-150. I-mastic ye-polymer esisekelo se-bitumine ibiza ama-ruble angu-900 nge-10 kg. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo ku-1 m ^{2 ku-} 1 kg. Okokuthi, imitha eyodwa yesikwele kolunye ungqimba uzobiza ama-ruble angu-90.

Lezi yizinketho zebhajethi kakhulu. Izindleko zokufaka uphahla oluphansi zingaba ngaphezulu. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi ungenziwanga ngokuzimela, yiqiniso, kuzodingeka ukhokhe ochwepheshe abaqashiwe. Kulokhu, ukumbozwa kwephahla kuyoba kubiza nakakhulu. Isibonelo, izendlalelo ezimbili zizobiza okungenani ama-ruble angu-300.

Njengoba ubona, uphahla oluthambile - lolo lwazi lunokwethenjelwa futhi alunzima kakhulu ukufaka. Uma ufisa, ungenza ukuzakhela kwephahla elithambile. Intengo kulo, njengoba ubona, iyintando yeningi.