Banyan: isihlahla-Ashera * isithombe esinengekayo futhi uphawu India

Imvelo oluthile lwezidalwa zakhe hit futhi ngeke hit esintwini. Phakathi izimangaliso isitshalo omunye amazing kakhulu ISIHLAHLA banyan (isithombe ngezansi), okuyinto zibukeke okucatshangelwayo ihlathi.

izinhlobo banyan

Lesi simila kungokwalabo ficus omkhulu, futhi eyisihlobo ezikude abavamile igumbi imbali. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili izinhlobonhlobo ke:

• banyan Bengal: epiphytic-isihlahla ekuthuthukiseni ekuseni unamathele nezinye izitshalo. Imbewu kuwele phezu kwezinkuni-yenethiwekhi usebenzisa izinyoni. Rostock ukhiqiza lenqwaba izimpande zasemoyeni. Iningi lazo bome, ayibi emhlabathini. Nokho, labo wakwazi ukuthola ke, uthole iziqu njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo uyanda futhi umqhele. Kuyinto lolu hlobo ngokuvamile ukuthini igama banyan.
• Umuthi Uhlobo lwesibili Ficus religiosa ezaziwayo. Lokhu epiphyte isitshalo akuyona. Iphinde ikhula izimpande zasemoyeni, okuyinto iyangena phansi futhi kusekelwa umqhele elikhulu. Lo muthi banyan Simila futhi abalandeli ingadi zasendlini. Ekhaya, ukuphakama kwayo akuyona esingaphezu imitha noma ezimbili. Kusukela onjalo 'komkhiwane "eyatholakala bonsai umane emangalisayo.

Zombili lezi zinhlobo zivamile eNdiya Okwaphawuleka, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo yayo yasekuqaleni, isizukulwane (ngosizo izinambuzane isikali) Shellac - a resin eziwusizo kakhulu. Ngaphandle eNdiya, izimo ngazinye kwesihlahla banyan likhula Indonesia neChina.

Kungani-ke ngakho ngokuthi

Igama owaziwa "banyan" isihlahla etholakele-British kanye nema amaPutukezi. Njengabafokazi Nezakhamuzi Love waphawula Indian abahwebi - banias - ekuphumuleni ngaphansi amagatsha omkhulu komkhiwane, wayibiza ngokuthi abahwebi (ngesiNgisi banias isihlahla). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kulahleke esihlahleni, futhi kwakukhona kuphela "banyan". Manje leli gama abantu kakhulu eyaziwa kuka olusemthethweni "ficus Bengali."

izitshalo ukubaluleka Engcwele

Tree-banyan ihlathi ukuze udumo nenhlonipho amaBuddha amaHindu. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto ngaphansi Buddha attained ukukhanyiselwa. Ngo ubuHindu, yena kungumuthi Brahma kanye uphawu yokungafi komphefumulo, ukuphila okuphakade futhi kabusha. Ukuya emuva phansi, inyukela esibhakabhakeni - ngakho njalo kumbuthano efana isondo Samsara. Ukuze abesifazane banyan lifanekisela wenzalo; emibhalweni yasendulo wabhekisela njengoba Okwezwe Tree. Eminye imithombo ukuyibiza emthini wolwazi, ukuze kungenzeka ngaphansi efanayo wahlala Adamu no-Eva ngaphambi kokuwa. Uma beza kuye abahlakaniphileyo lokuzindla futhi liphambene waphakade. On top of ukuthi isihlahla se-banyan - uphawu emthini India.

Qaphela ukuthi kwezinye izindawo izivakashi India enza imizamo "civilize" Grove banyan. Eceleni kwabo ifakwa amathempeli amancane Izindlwana, ngaphansi kombhede ifakwe amabhentshi nozalo. Nokho, iningi lalezi ucwaningo kuholele izinkinga for kwesihlahla, njengoba abantu usibize akanandaba. Kukhona amacala lapho, ngenxa ubuqaba azo ayengesiyo ingxenye-o-Ashera zezihlahla babhubha. Banyan Omkhulu ngisho izulazula ezinye usesimweni Environmental Amaphoyisa, esivikela ke kusukela izivakashi.

I-banyan ngobukhulu

Yini kubhekwa isihlahla iqhawe, kuphikisana Bangalore, Sri Lanka futhi Kolkata. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Sri isitshalo Lankan esekhulile bakhe kakade 350 core, ukuqinisa futhi aphenduke iziqu awugqinsi. Inhlawulo futhi wenza okungaphezu ayizinkulungwane ezintathu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Omkhulu Banyan of Calcutta ine kweminyaka eyi-200-250, ukuphakama umqhele walo kwezinye izindawo ifinyelela 25 metres, futhi isihlahla-Ashera * isithombe esinengekayo indawo cishe isigamu ehektheleni. Nokho, ngo-25 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, ngumbani ku Banyan Omkhulu. Kwatholakala ukuba isiqu esiyinhloko kuhlukaniswa, futhi kwadingeka ukuba ahlukaniswe. Ngakho ukuthi ikhophi uye wahluleka ukuba kubhekwe njengendlela esihlahleni esisodwa, manje kuyaqashelwa njengoba ikoloni clonal.

Goa resort emthini banyan kungazange kufinyelele enjalo osayizi Amazing, kodwa futhi iyatholakala kwanele ahehe izivakashi. Zonke ngaphezulu ngakho lapha, e Arambol, ikhula edume isihlahla banyan - esihlahleni ngaphansi okuyinto kusolakala kanye wazindla ne "Beatles" Hemp. Nakuba ochwepheshe iqembu izikhathi eziningana waphikisa la manga (in the «Beatles» India wahlala Rishikesh), izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke namanje ngenkani abakholelwa nganekwane. Ngakho abalandeli bomkhiqizo, efika Goa, nakanjani vakashela kwesihlahla ezithandwayo zezingoma - ukuthatha isithombe, cabanga ngobudlelwane obakhayo okusezingeni eliphezulu nangokwengqondo uhlangane ngezithombe zabo.