Amathempeli Russian: ethempelini Virgin Engcwele ephelele Bratsevo

Church of the lokulabhela Virgin ingenye yezindawo olunothile kakhulu emaphethelweni eMoscow, budebuduze endlini Bratsevo, okuyinto uyisikhumbuzo somlando hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi eyisibonelo landscape art. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ezisemthethweni emzaneni eduze eMoscow elinegama elifanayo likhuluma phakathi kwekhulu XVI.

History of the izindlu

Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli ngokwalo ngqo okuhlobene Manor Bratsevo. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala emzaneni, futhi ikakhulukazi mayelana izindlu, kwatholakala ngo lemakhono ekukwati kufundza nekubhala ezingokomoya, ihlanganiswe Daniloy Grigorevichem Fominym e 1565, lapho kwaba nguye washiyela kumkayo, futhi ngemva kokushona komkakhe - eseduze zintathu-uSergiyu Monastery.

Okwesikhathi esithile ifa ingeyamakhosi sezindela, kwalandela wathengisela boyar Godunov. Ngemva kwalokho uye zidayiselwe izikhathi eziningana, kuze ku-1657 umnikazi walo ayizange Bogdan Matveevich Hitrovo - induna, induna eyodwa ngaphambi kwabanikazi bamazwe ngobukhulu.

Njengoba ayeyisisebenzi omunye eduze ka Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, ke ukhishwa elisezingeni Boyar futhi inceku usethe ukuba ngihole Armoury. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngenkathi ezenza inkonzo ezimbonini kanye nobuciko zasebukhosini, futhi lokho kwasebenza abaculi kakhulu isikhathi. Yilokho lapho liqala ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise Boyarsky Dvor, kanye esontweni itshe.

Umlando yesonto

Cishe ngesikhathi lapho ithempeli Virgin oNgcwele lakhiwa Bratsevo libonisa esekhona itshe setshe. Umbhalo kulo Old iskripthi isiRashiya, uthi ehlobo lika-30 Agasti 7180 (1672), ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo kanye gunsmith Boyar Bogdan Matveevich Khitrovo kanye nomkakhe uMaria Ivanovna Boyarynya. Ekuqaleni, plate ukuthi ngabafaka emphemeni ngaphandle kwendlu yesonto, bese isikhashana agcinwa ngaphakathi esontweni. Eminyakeni emibili edlule, waya emuva indawo yayo yasekuqaleni.

Ngeshwa, ukwakha ithempeli, lokhu lesikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele yezakhiwo kanye zomlando kwekhulu XVII, wafika izikhathi zethu nezinguquko eziphawulekayo. Abaningi izici yalo yayenziwe nokuthela amanzi emhlane wedada kithi kuze kube phakade.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, Prince Shcherbdtov, kuyinto abanikazi lokugcina izindlu Bratsevo waphikelela phezu Ukudilizwa umbhoshongo insimbi, njengoba kwaba agugile zidinga ukulungisa esiphuthumayo. Kodwa-Imperial Commission for Archaeology sinqatshiwe ukwenza kanjalo. Okude insimbi-umbhoshongo ladilizwa ngo-1928, futhi manje ukungezwakali kwawo ukuntuleka okukhulu ifomu yesimanje wethempeli.

Ngemva ukuza inguquko ka 1917 izakhiwo inkolo yeqiniso saqala ukwehla, saqala ukuba athathe izinto ezibizayo kakhulu futhi izingcezu ifenisha. Ekuqaleni beyigcinwa State Historical Museum, bese aphume ke ngo-1930 Tretyakov Igalari ezokuthutha imifanekiso emadilini uqimba kweBandla, ebhaliwe emuva 1673 abadwebi Armoury. ISonto kakhulu olufanayo lokulabhela Virgin Engcwele ephelele Bratsevo ngo-1934 savalwa, nezinhloko izigubhu adiliza. Khona-ke ibandla kancane kabusha futhi, kule mboni 60s udayi abelokhu esebenza izindonga zayo, khona-ke izimpahla lahlelwa futhi, ekugcineni, uphethiloli.

Ukukhulekela zasethempelini ziphinde ziqalwe kuphela ngo-1993. Manje, lokhu lesikhumbuzo lathumela, zazimeleleni cishe iminyaka engamakhulu amane, zidinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha.

incazelo

Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwethempeli the Virgin oNgcwele ihlatshwa umxhwele besikhathi sakhe hhayi kuphela ubuhle izakhiwo kanye nesitayela, kodwa futhi wezangaphakathi ngiphele ocebile, lapho esebenza sezingcweti engcono abaculi we Armoury. Baye futhi edwetshwe kanye iconostasis, okuyinto kugcinwa namuhla Tretyakov Igalari eMoscow.

Church of the lokulabhela Virgin Engcwele ephelele Bratsevo - esontweni pillarless, yakhelwe ngesimo bushels kabili ukukhanya, okuyinto ivinjiwe egumbini avaliwe. zakudala yakhe evelele eMoscow emihlanu oluyingungu, ahlotshiswe ithuba kokoshniks eziyizitezi.

okubizwa ngokuthi silwa washi, siyindlala sangempela leso sikhathi, Refectory futhi belfry Yakhiwa, eyayibonakala efakwe ngasentshonalanga ethempelini.

Ibandla ehlotshisiwe ngumuntu yibhande amathayili emibalabala. Cornice futhi ahlotshiswa izithombe tiled zezingelosi enamaphiko. Ibhande iqoqo tile aboncamane okuyinto elingenamikhono - ke ngenkasa iphethini emibalabala alungiselelwe ngesimo rosettes.

On ingemuva mhlophe amathamborini kokoshniks kuyabonakala imifanekiso esiyingqayizivele ophumile zezingelosi enamaphiko okwesibhakabhaka. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo amathayili multi-anemibala horuvimov benza intercession Church Bratsevo exquisitely nenhle, naphezu isizotha yayo.

Shrine of the nezinkonzo zasethempelini isheduli

Kukholakala ukuthi kwemifanekiso iconostasis yesonto zaveza ngabaculi ezahlukene. Ithempeli uyaziqhenya Luhambo zako ezisemqoka - eyisimangaliso isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu Hodegetria (ka Smolensk).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona kuyizinhlayiyana ethuneni St uSeraphim of Sarov, kanye izinsalela St uSergiyu ka Radonezh, Nil Stolobensky, eBhetlehema izinsana nabanye osanta.

Kulabo abafisa uvakashele ithempeli Bratsevo - isheduli amasevisi: Inkonzo ngoLwesithathu, ngoLwesihlanu kanye namaholide omphakathi kuqala at 8:00 ngoMgqibelo - ngesikhathi 7:30 ekuseni ngeSonto - at 8,30, futhi ngobusuku bangaphambi leli holidi - ubusuku bonke umlindelo at 17.00.

ethempelini ukuphila Modern

Manje isonto hhayi kuphela bafeza inkonzo, kodwa futhi isikhungo kwamasiko. Kukhona kaSonto-sikole, ukukhanyiselwa isikhungo okungokomoya "Blagovest" futhi okuhlelwe Museum-Igalari Abbot Mihaila Maleeva. It hhayi kuphela ukhonza njengelungu ethempelini, kanye upende izincwadi. Ngakho-ke i-Church of the intercession - isikhungo bobuchule lapho, sibonga Museum ihlelwe kusihlwa yokudala nangokomoya, aphethwe ezihlukahlukene hambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona namanje ikamelo kanye club kwentsha ne uhlelo ocebile, imihlangano, zokuxhumana efudumele futhi movie ukwabelana.

Church of the lokulabhela Virgin Engcwele ephelele Bratsevo itholakala kuleli kheli: Moscow, emgwaqweni Salome Neris, 4 (metro station "Skhodnenskaya").