Amaqhawe angama-Lyrical wezinkondlo zikaLermontov. Izici zamazwi kaMnu Yu Lermontov

Isici sikaMikhail Yurievich (iminyaka yokuphila - 1814-1841) yilapho amaqhawe ayingoma yezinkondlo zikaLermontov abumbene ngaphakathi. Kancane kancane bashintsha, kodwa lokhu kuguqulwa akubalulekile uma kuqhathaniswa nentuthuko yezithombe kwezinye izimbongi zekhulu le-XIX. Esikhathini sokugcina somsebenzi wokudala kaLermontov, uhlamvu lomuntu okhathele ngokuphila lubonakala luye lwaboniswa, oluhluke ngokuphelele kumlingiswa wezinkondlo zangaphambili. Kodwa nokho lezi ziqhawe ezinamazwi ezinkondlo zeLermontov zihlobene kakhulu. Ukuqhubekela phambili kubangelwa ukulondolozwa kwezingqungquthela eziyinhloko, ama-motif, ukubhoboza umsebenzi wezinkondlo nokwenza isithombe seqhawe.

Hero romance

Kanye nemisebenzi yokuqala ka-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin kanye nezinkondlo zikaZhukovsky, amazwi kaLermontov asho ukuphakama kokuthandana ezweni lethu. Kungenxa yokuthi iqhawe likaMikhail Yurievich liphupho eliphakeme. Unikwe zonke izici ezijwayelekile zothando: ngumuntu ogulayo, umlindi, imbongi, umhlubuki, umprofethi, umthandi. Lawa angamaqhawe anengoma yezinkondlo zikaLermontov kuzo zonke izigaba zomsebenzi wakhe.

Intukuthelo indaba ephathwayo

Amanothi okuzihlukanisa empilweni yansuku zonke anamandla kakhulu emfanekisweni weqhawe lomlingani uMikhail Yurievich. Ubumnene buzuza emisebenzini yayo ukuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene: uthando oluvela eminengi yemisebenzi kule ndaba; Ukuvalelwa ejele; Ukuhlukaniswa komuntu ezweni elizungezile.

Emisebenzini eminingi ("Futhi ehlekisa futhi edabukisayo ...", "Duma") ibonakala isithombe esihlotshaniswa nesisusa esijwayelekile sobumuntu besizukulwane sesimanje seLermontov. Sibhekene nalokhu ngenye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu uMikhail Yurievich abhekene nazo: ukucabangela okubhubhisa umphefumulo, isifo, esilandela imbongi, sbulala isizukulwane futhi sivale umuntu, sigxeke umuntu ukuba abe nesizungu.

Isisusa sokufa

Imizwa engcono kunazo zonke ekhona kubantu, nezwi lokucabanga liyanyamalala. Ukuzindla kuyingozi ngokukholwa nemizwa. Umlobi ubonisa ukuthi isizukulwane "siphumelele". Iqhawe eliyingqayizivele lezinkondlo zikaLermontov lifaniswa "nesithelo esivuthiwe kuze kube yisikhathi". Isizathu sokufa kwangaphambili kuyendabuko ezincwadini zothando, kodwa uMikhail Yurievich wethula kulokhu isihloko umqondo omusha: akakhulumi ngokufa ngokomzimba, kodwa ngokufa komzwelo obangelwa ukungakholwa, ukungabi namzabalazo kanye nenhloso. "Sinamahloni ngokunganaki" kokubi nokuhle, nakuziphathimandla - "kuphela izigqila ezidabukisayo", njengoba ebhala.

Isisusa somzabalazo

Lesi sihloko sibaluleke kakhulu ezincwadini zobulili hhayi kuphela ezweni lethu, kodwa emhlabeni wonke. KuMikhail Yurievich, uthola ukuthuthukiswa kwangempela. Ukulwa yilokho okuyisisekelo, isisekelo sabalingiswa, okuyiziqhawe ezinengqondo zezinkondlo zikaLermontov. Ukwakhiwa kukaMikhail Yurievich "Parus" - inkondlo lapho umuntu onesimo somkhumbi elwa nento enonya. Kodwa kubalulekile ukumisa isiphepho - futhi uqala "ukubuza" futhi uyibheke, ngoba akafuni injabulo, kodwa ukuliqoba.

Ukuphikisa izwe langaphandle nelingaphakathi

Amaqhawe amaculo azinkondlo zikaLermontov aphikisana ngaphakathi, okwakhiwa manje. Ukungezwani ngaphakathi komuntu, okuvela ekubhubhiseni, okubukeka okumnyama, akunakwenzeka kodwa kuveza ukungqubuzana nokuphikisana emphefumulweni wakhe. Ngenye yezinkondlo ezibizwa ngokuthi "Ziningi kangakanani ezizungezwe isixuku sabantu abaningi ..." umbhali uqhathanisa nomhlaba wangempela wangaphandle, ukufihla ngaphansi komusa womusa ukungabi nandaba, izwe elingaphakathi elihlubukile leqhawe eliyingqayizivele. Kukhona "izithombe ezibucayi" zabantu.

Amathekisthi e-masquerade ngokujwayelekile kanye nama-masks ngokukhethekile avela kusimbongi kakhulu kaningi. Zifanekisela ukungabi nomoya, ukungafani kwezwe, lapho amaqhawe anengoma yezinkondlo zikaLermontov ephoqeleka ukuba khona.

Isihloko sokungakholwa nokholo

Ukuxhunyaniswa kakhulu nesisusa somzabalazo kuyisihloko sokungakholwa nokholo. Iqhawe elihle lezinkondlo zikaLermontov lihlambalaza uNkulunkulu ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba awuphelele. Abalingiswa bezintandokazi nabademoni bezinkondlo "uMtsyri" no "Demon" baphika uMdali, ngaphandle kokuthatha izwe labo abahlala kulo. Kodwa, ngokubona ngokuqondile ukungabikho kwemibono, ngokungakholelwa ukuthi kungani umbono wezwe onjalo, uMikhail Yuryevich akakwazi ukuholela ekugcineni ekuvumelaneni noMdali womuntu othandana naye. Ngakho-ke, iqhawe eliyingqayizivele lezinkondlo zikaLermontov liya ekungenisweni kwezulu.

Lesi siqalekiso siqala emsebenzini "Uma insimu ye-yellowing ikhathazekile ..." imvelo. Umcabango weqhawe "ungena ephusheni," ngaleyo ndlela ukhulula imizwa yakhe, futhi uthando lomphefumulo "onqenqemeni olunokuthula" lunikeza ithuba 'lokubona' uMdali.

Napoleon

Ake siqhubeke nomsebenzi wethu. Iqhawe eliyingqayizivele lezinkondlo zikaLermontov eminye imisebenzi nguNapoleon. Isithombe sesiphambano esiye sabona kokuwa okujulile futhi ukuphakama kwamandla ngokuvamile kuyendabuko yamazwi omthando ngesiko laseRussia. KuLermontov eNapoleon (futhi nangesithombe sikaByron), izici eziyinhloko zeqhawe lomlingani zazihlangene: indiza, ukuvukela, ukulwa, ukuxoshwa kanye nesizungu somuntu ngamunye.

Ubuhlobo bomphakathi obuningi kanye nomlobi

Ukwakhiwa kwethu kufike ekupheleni. Iqhawe eliyingqayizivele lezinkondlo zikaLermontov, njengabanye ababhali, liphikisa abantu. Ngokwesiko ezincwadini zesiRashiya, ubuhlobo obuphakathi kwesixuku nombongi kwakubhekwa njengokungqubuzana okungenakugwemeka. Lesi sihloko sasiba nendawo ebalulekile emsebenzini wabalobi abaningi, futhi isithombe sombongi uqobo wayelokhu esondela eduze nesithombe seqhawe eliphethe. I-Lermontov ayinjalo, kodwa unesixazululo esiyingqayizivele kule mpikiswano eyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngokwesiko, isixuku sachazwa ngokuthi "singenangqondo", "sithulu", "isixuku". Kwakuvezwa ukuntuleka ngokomoya okungokomoya, ukuzikhathalela, nesithombe sombongi wasondelene nezici zakhe ekuthunjweni, umculi, umprofethi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, le mpikiswano Lermontov. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubonisa isixuku ngenhlonipho, ethi abantu "bachotshozwa" ngokuhlushwa nokulahlekelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emsebenzini we-1838 obizwa ngokuthi "The Poet", unomqondo wokuthi yonke iminyaka idala "umprofethi" wakhe, omunye nesixuku, esikudingayo futhi esidinga. "Ukugqwala", okwenyusa i-talente, kubiza u-Lermontov ukudelela abantu.

Isithombe esisha somuntu olula, okhathele ovela empilweni uvela ezinkondlweni ezinjenge "Omakhelwane", "iTestamente", "Motherland", "Valerik", nabanye. Ngabalingiswa bokuqala, leli qhawe eliyingqayizivele lezinkondlo zikaMel Lermontov lixhunywe yizimpande ezijulile. Zonke izinguquko ezisezici zakhe zingaphansi kokubumbana kwangaphakathi ezingeni elingenakuqonda.