A nendikimba ethile esemkhathini azungeza ku circumstellar - kuyini?

Emkhathini, izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zathola izinto ezingenakubalwa ezahlukene. Lezi izinkanyezi, exoplanets, mafu, asteroyidi, quasars. Ezinye zalezi leti omise ezithile. A hambisa ikhona zasemkhathini omise wazungeza izinkanyezi?

A nendikimba ethile esemkhathini azungeza ku circumstellar - kuyini?

Okokuqala kudingeka sibheke ukuthi usho ukuthini inkulumo ethi "orbit". Lena indlela ngawo nendikimba ethile esemkhathini uzungeza. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Earth lumayelana inkanyezi yethu - ilanga. Emhlabeni Umhlaba yena, wenza indlela yayo eya Moon. nendikimba ethile esemkhathini at orbit circumstellar kungaba, okokuqala, iplanethi, okwesibili, netshe elisemkhathini, futhi inkanyezi enomsila. izindikimba zasezulwini ezincane awacatshangwa ngu izazi zezinkanyezi, ngoba afakiwe esigabeni isikhala doti. Phela, omise yabo ngenxa mass elincane izindikimba zasezulwini kuyoba main izici - imvamisa. Noma yimuphi umzimba mass enkulu sizothinta trajectory ukunyakaza kwabo - nse.

Futhi banayo ezihleliwe orbit iziphuphutheki Zomhlaba, wadala umuntu. Ngesimo ziyafana ellipses side. Iphuzu abaseduze komzila wokuzungeza we perigee, futhi ezikude kakhulu - Apogee. umzimba ngamunye yasezulwini ngo-orbit circumstellar ilanga siya ohlangothini olulodwa. Kuyinto Eqinisweni ezimangazayo ngama-isimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga, okuyinto kuwubufakazi omunye embonweni ongenasisekelo womsuka wendaba yayo. Ngokwalo mbono, isimiso sonozungezilanga zaqhamuka ziphuma kule ifu uthuli negesi. Ngaphezu izinkulungwane amaplanethi amancane, asteroyidi, ngisho ezihambayo ohlangothini olufanayo.

Asteroids ku Solar System

ososayensi Asteroids shayela izindikimba zasezulwini ngenhloso ububanzi mkhulu kuka-30 metres. Nazo ngokufanayo, kungase kudingeke iziphuphutheki yabo. Igama elithi "netshe elisemkhathini" liphakanyiswe ngu umqambi Charlzom Berni nesezinkanyezi William Herschel, kusho "like inkanyezi". Lapho sigcina asteroyidi ukubukeka kwabo cishe izakhamuzi zaseBosnia zifana kusuka izinkanyezi. Izinkanyezi olufana amasondo akhazimula, futhi asteroyidi Kwalethwa ngesimo amaphuzu yokukhanya. Okwamanje, intshisekelo sina zesayensi izazi zezinkanyezi, okubizwa ngokuthi ibhande elisemkhathini. Ziyakwazi omunye izinto ezinkulu isikhala zesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ngaphakathi Uhlelo elanga main elisemkhathini ibhande elise phakathi omise amaplanethi Mars kanye Jupiter.

Lezinkanyezi ezinomsila - ne trajectory mayelana nezinto zasemkhathini

Yini enye ingatholakala kwi yasezulwini circumstellar umzimba azungeza? Impendulo ingase ibonakale imangaza, kodwa - a inkanyezi enomsila. Lezi izinto ezisemkhathini futhi ilingise omise yabo njengoba uzungeza ilanga. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi "inkanyezi enomsila" isiGreki lisho "inkanyezi enoboya". Ngenxa enomsila osondela ilanga uthola licace, futhi ingxenye yakhe hazy edonswa. lezinkanyezi ezinomsila Bright kungabonakala esibhakabhakeni ngeso lenyama. Izinkathi ukuzungeza lezi zasemkhathini emhlabeni Sun kungaba isukela eminyakeni embalwa ukuze okuningi njengoba amashumi eminyaka.

Lapho enomsila ikude Sun, akusiyo ebonakalayo ukusuka eMhlabeni. A eduze, kuba kufinyeleleke obuka abavamile. Ngokokuqala ngqá imvamisa Ukujikeleza lezinkanyezi ezinomsila emhlabeni Sun kwatholakala usosayensi Halley ekhulwini XVII. Ukubuka a inkanyezi enomsila, wathola ukuthi ihamba ngendlela efanayo njengoba kwamanye amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga. Halley wabikezela usuku ukubuya le inkanyezi enomsila Emhlabeni izingqapheli. isazi ukubikezela lolungenamaphutsa nyama.

ososayensi Nakhodka Asteroid azungeza inkanyezi befa

Ngo-October 2013, izazi zezinkanyezi ayezifundile nendikimba ethile esemkhathini ku circumstellar azungeza okushona komuntu kwenkanyezi ekude. Inkanyiso okuthiwa G61 okungokwakhe vele iqembu dwarfs mhlophe futhi wasuswa kusuka isimiso sonozungezilanga at ibanga iminyaka ukukhanya abangaba yizigidi ezingu-150. nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kugxile le nkanyezi, kwaba netshe elisemkhathini, lapho ososayensi bathole isamba esikhulu imithombo yamanzi. Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso avunyelwe izazi zezinkanyezi ukuba singaphethi ngokuthi ohlelweni kanye kungaba amaplanethi sikulungele ukuba kuphilwe kuso efana neyethu.

Lokhu kunjalo kuqala lapho ngaphandle komthala wethu izimo ezimbili ukhiye ukuvela zokuphila watholakala - surface ezinamadwala amanzi, okuyinto has nendikimba ethile esemkhathini azungeza ku circumstellar. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi wake kwaba khona ukuphila. Yini yakha kungatsatsa kulesi simiso - ososayensi Akekho owaziyo. Ukuhlaziywa elisemkhathini befa wabonisa ukuthi kwakugcwele 26% amanzi. Ngalokhu-ke kufana iplanethi yemifino kule Solar System - Ceres. Njengoba atholakala elisemkhathini Ceres kanye isisindo isihlobo yamanzi phezu kwabo kuningi kunokomuntu Emhlabeni.

G61 kanye nendikimba ethile esemkhathini azungeza ku circumstellar - yempendulo esizayo eMhlabeni

Umhlaba ngokuyisisekelo iplanethi ezomile. 0.02% kuphela wonke isisindo salo sikhulu amanzi. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izilwandle avele ngemva kokumiswa kwale Earth. Ngu ukucabangela, abacwaningi, Umhlaba angase abhekane inqwaba asteroyidi amanzi-ocebile. okwatholakala Okokuqala kuyinto nendikimba ethile esemkhathini azungeza ku circumstellar, ososayensi baye bathola ngekusasa wesintu. Basikisela ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka 6 billion, njengoba nje abacwaningi alien utawufundza lowo doti enamadwala azungeza ilanga lethu ukufa, futhi bayofinyelela esiphethweni woza ukuthi umhlaba kanye bakwazi ukusekela ukuphila.