Zingaki izimpilo igciwane imvelo? Ngasiphi lokushisa elishabalalayo HIV? Konke nge-HIV

Syndrome bangangenwa yilesi sifo atholwe ukuntula kwahlonzwa ngo-1981 namanje ngosizo iqembu lososayensi lisuka eMelika. Igama elilungile kakhulu lesi sifo, okuyinto edume labizwa ngokuthi AIDS - one-HIV. Lesi sifo liletha igciwane ukuthi ibilokhu wafunda ngo-1983 inkampani abacwaningi American nesiFulentshi. Igciwane kunzima kabi ukukwelapha, noma kunalokho, cishe ezingelapheki, ngakho le nkinga yokulwa nalesi sifo iye yadonsa isikhathi eside. Konke mayelana ne-HIV, sizozama ukukutshela kulesi sihloko. Kuyini lokhu? Njengoba ukutheleleka ithelelwana njani? Zingaki izimpilo igciwane imvelo? Kungenzeka yini ukubamba imvelo zasekhaya?

Konke mayelana ne-HIV

HIV - i-mzimba ukuntula igciwane, esithinta ngqo isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Lapho yena ingahlalisekanga, iphele isivikelo izimuncagazi zangaphandle ukuthi njalo ehlasela umzimba. In the ukungabikho amasosha omzimba emzimbeni ukuthuthukisa kalula nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Abantu abane-HIV lengculaza sizwele kuya imikhuhlane eyisisekelo ngisho izilokazane ezincane ukuthi yini izithelo nhlobo ukulinyazwa nomuntu abangathelelekile. Owesilisa owatholakala egazini igciwane, ngokuthi une-HIV noma i-HIV. Lokhu ukutheleleka kungokwalabo umndeni retrovirus.

Uma kube ukutheleleka nge-HIV, akusho ukuthi AIDS womuntu. Kusukela ukutheleleka ekungenweni esiteji ukuthuthukiswa yilesi sifo esesabekayo isikhathi eside, eminyakeni engaba ngu-10-12 ubudala. Zingaki izimpilo igciwane imvelo? Ngalolu futhi Kuzoxoxwa.

Imiphumela izivikeli mzimba

Amasosha omzimba yakhelwe ukuze awuvikele yokushayiswa eziphilayo angaphandle ukuthi usongo ezingaba yemvelo ukuphila komuntu. Ababona ingxenye enkulu yomzimba womuntu, ngakho Ukungena ebangela abanye (zokuzivikela) amasosha omzimba: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, imfiva nokunye. Zonke lezi zimpawu ahambisana umuntu futhi ngesikhathi ngesikhathi amasosha omzimba uzama ukunqoba ukuba lesi silwanyana angaphandle. amagciwane ehlukene, abandayo, amagciwane, isikhunta, staphylococci, donor impahla noma izitho zangaphakathi - ingabe zonke antigen.

Ukuze izingxenye izivikeli mzimba zihlanganisa ezinye izitho: thymus, umnkantsha, izindlala zamanzi, ubende, yegilo kanye lymphocyte amaseli, monocytes futhi ama-macrophage. Ukutheleleka nge-HIV ebaluleke kakhulu indima T-amaseli (lymphocyte) ukuthi uyawazi lo nezinye amagciwane emzimbeni. Bona ukusheshisa impahla yayo okuzivuselela futhi ukhuthaze ezinye izici wamasosha omzimba ukulwa nokucindezela amagciwane, kubandakanya i-HIV. Lokho igciwane amangqamuzana, amangqamuzana obuchopho, amathumbu emaphashini. Lokhu kuphazamisa izakhiwo zokuzivikela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, futhi ngokushesha ubhubhisa ngokuphelele ke.

Kaningana, igciwane ongene umzimba, bekwazi ukuphila lapho kusuka eminyakeni 1 kuya 5, ngaphandle ezembula, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ukuba esimweni sokungasebenzi. Kungokufanayo-T cell angabasizi neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni kwenani elithile amasosha omzimba enquma khona igciwane emzimbeni. Ngemva wangena igazi, umuntu uba ngokuzenzakalela Isiphathi walo futhi distributor ukuthi kungathelela abanye abantu enempilo.

Ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo kancane kakhulu futhi kuthatha eziningi iminyaka. Okuwukuphela okubonisa ukuthi ukuba khona isifo abavusa zamanzi. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni yokutheleleka nge-HIV kuyinto ngokushesha esandisa, ukucekela phansi yonke into omzimba amaseli, senze isifo okuthiwa i-AIDS.

Ingozi yalesi igciwane

AIDS ngokwayo futhi ukutheleleka nge-HIV ningathwali nemiphumela ebulalayo, babemane ukudala izimo salokhu. Lapho immunodeficiency umzimba awukwazi ukubhekana ngisho nezifo encane kunazo zonke futhi ezincane okuyinto ukungena kuwo. Lokhu kuba imbangela isifo yezinkinga ezinzima okuyinto kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Uma umuntu abathintekayo immunodeficiency virus ucosha omunye ukutheleleka ezinzima (isifo esithathelwanayo, Zika igciwane), umzimba ngeke asivumele emithini futhi lesi sifo ngeke intuthuko kuphela.

ukutheleleka nge-HIV

immunodeficiency virus idluliselwa ngegazi noma ngabodwa, isib, kwezitho zobulili. Ngamanye amazwi, lo distributor ukutheleleka kungaba othwala isifo. Igciwane i-HIV eziqukethwe bekezela ngaphakathi the ubisi igazi, webele, uketshezi kwezitho zobulili (isidoda).

Ekuqaleni, igciwane ayibonakali silokothe kwenza ngokwayo wazizwa, ngakho ngokuvamile kakhulu abatheleleke abazi isimo sabo.

Eqinisweni, i-Lingadluliselwa kumuntu nomuntu ngegazi noma ngocansi.

Isikhathi esining impela, practice kukhona izimo ukungcoliswa ngephutha. Lokhu kwenzeka uma uvakashela udokotela wamazinyo noma manicurist ngubani itheleleke nesineke phambi kwakho, futhi ithuluzi engakaze disinfected kahle, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa instrument-non-oyinyumba, Kwezinye izimo ezifanayo.

Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, igciwane sisuka umuntu, kungaba ukuthuthukisa emzimbeni futhi ngendlela yokuxhumana. Kaningi umkhuba emhlabeni kuba khona immunodeficiency virus iye yabangela nezinye izifo ezingathi sína viral, njengesifo sofuba olunzulu noma ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Abaningi besaba ukulunywa izilwane ezahlukene kanye izinambuzane. Kuwufanele ethi igciwane immunodeficiency ungakwazi kuphela ukuthwala abantu, izilwane akuzona abasabalalisi. Okukhishwayo kuphela yizinambuzane zidla igazi (ezifundeni yethu omiyane, emazweni ase-Asia, ungakwazi ukwengeza iminyundu).

Kungayiphi indlela angeke alithole igciwane?

HIV Bangaki ubulala imvelo futhi kungenzeka uthole ukutheleleka nge kwansuku? Kusukela imvelo sangaphandle igciwane lingena egazini lomuntu, kodwa kuphela esikhumbeni, ngakho inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu kuyinto zokuvimbela kakhulu lesi sifo.

Ungesabi zabantu abanegciwane lesandulela-ngculaza, awayona ingozi kwabanye uma ungahlanganyeli nabo ocansini. Igciwane ayihambi e ukuxhawulana. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ungenwe ngisho ngokusebenzisa yabo izinto (Combs, izingubo, izitsha, Cutlery). Lesifo singazange sande sauna, swimming pool, ezemidlalo kanye ukuzivocavoca, ngakho ungesabi ukuvakashela kulezi zindawo.

Indlela bathola lesi sifo?

Zingaki izimpilo igciwane imvelo nendlela ithelelwana njani? Ngemva ukutheleleka nge-HIV akusho ukuzibonakalisa, kanti isiguli engazizwa yimuphi kabi, njengoba umthetho, Akazi nakwazi ukuthi ukuthi atheleleke. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ngemva kwezinyanga bangase balwisane izimpawu efana umkhuhlane, imfiva, Ukugodola, imfiva, kodwa akukho amakhala yisisu, umphimbo akusho ubuhlungu. Uphawu kuphela okuyinto ungakwazi ukubona lokhu ukutheleleka - ukuqubuka esikhumbeni endaweni besisu. Uma ngokungazelelwe ngaqala ukuzizwa sengathi buthaka gqwa, isicanucanu, ukuya ukudla, isiyezi, futhi lokhu ngenxa ubuthi noma ezinye izifo kufanele bahlolelwe i-HIV ne-AIDS.

I kufihlwe (esicashile) uhlobo lesi sifo eba isikhathi eside futhi umuntu ngesikhathi esifanayo engazizwa ukungakhululeki, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi umzimba cha kukhona ushintsho. Nquma khona igciwane emzimbeni kuzosiza i-HIV. Lokhu kwegazi ezivamile amasotsha omzimba okudala izivikeli mzimba (njengendlela yokusabela kuya Ukungena emzimbeni HIV-ukutheleleka). Zingaki izimpilo igciwane imvelo? Ake uxoxe ngalokhu kabanzi.

I-HIV igciwane: ukuzinza imvelo yangaphandle

Ngakho ake sixoxe ukuzinza igciwane imvelo. Kuyoze kube nini igciwane uhlala ngaphandle komzimba? Igciwane i-HIV kuyinto awahlali futhi ukuphila endaweni isikhathi eside. Ososayensi abaningi phikisana isikhathi lapho igciwane ihlala isebenza imvelo yasekhaya. Abanye bathi akuphilayo nje imizuzu embalwa, kanti abanye baye baphetha ukuphila kwakhe ngaphandle komzimba amahora ambalwa. Noma kunjalo, uma ukutheleleka nge-HIV kungenzeka sibe isikhathi eside ukuba ahlale ngaphandle komzimba, umkhuba ezweni ekwelapheni lesi sifo angase waphawula izindlela kwansuku ukutheleleka, kodwa abekho. Kanjani i-HIV iqhubeka imvelo? Akusona induku unesifo noma ezinhlamvu fungal enhlabathini ngakho igciwane abakwazi ukuphila, le amade.

Indlela ezinzile HIV imvelo?

Kuyoze kube nini igciwane uhlala ngaphandle komzimba? Shiya icala ezahlukene uma imvelo yangaphandle, kanye DNA (iconsi igazi, isidoda). On isikhathi sokuphila kwayo Kulokhu kuthonywa izinto ezifana nenani DNA lokushisa kuma. Ngaphansi kwezimo esitebeleni imvelo bangaphandle lokushisa uhla igciwane kuyi-DNA bakwazi ukuphila izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-48. Yingakho-non-oyinyumba yamazinyo, manicure kanye kuhlinzwa amathuluzi, okuyinto wahlala iconsi legazi zomuntu onesifo, izinsuku ezimbalwa kungathelela abantu enempilo.

Yini lokushisa obulala igciwane?

Ngakho, ngasiphi lokushisa elishabalalayo HIV? Akayena yini ukumelana okushisa aphezulu. Virus izinhlayiya baqala bafe uma kulungele kuze kuphele isigamu sehora ezingeni lokushisa ezisukela 56 degrees Celsius, kodwa izinkomba esibucayi njengoba amaseli ukumelana kakhulu bahlale bephila futhi ekugcineni kabusha.

Uma sikhuluma igciwane ngesimo lapho kuqukethwe igazi ke inqubo kuzothatha isikhathi eside, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele kube ethe xaxa. Lokhu igciwane has a igobolondo amaprotheni, futhi, ngokufanelekile, libhujiswa ngokuphelele at lokushisa 60 Celsius. Uma uqhubeka biomaterial lezi amazinga lokushisa imizuzu engu-40, leli gciwane uyafa ngokuqondile futhi irrevocably. Ngakho, niyazi, ukuthi izimpilo eziningi igciwane imvelo futhi ukuthi kungenzeka ukubamba endaweni yasekhaya. Manje uyazi ukuthi lokhu ukutheleleka ezimbi kungagwenywa. Impilo ukuze wena nomndeni wakho!