Kungani-ke ukuthatha we Bastille njengoba ekuqaleni Revolution eFrance

I izehlakalo ezaletha inguquko eFrance, yaba nethonya izinqubo zezepolitiki emhlabeni. Omunye izikhathi esiyinhloko kulokho revolution kuwukubulala we Bastille - inqaba basisebenzisa njengeHholo ejele zezombusazwe. Kungani-ke ukuthatha we Bastille njengoba ekuqaleni revolution France? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo iwukucabangela isimo sezombusazwe 1789 iyonke.

izimfanelo

I okwathatha isikhathi eside kangako obumbi bomnotho waqala ngesikhathi kubusa uLouis XIV. Imbangela yalesi zihlabeke isimo sezombusazwe France - absolutism. uhlelo izinduna kukwenza kungenzeki ukuthuthukiswa ukuhweba, ezolimo, umkhakha. Onxiwankulu ayekhokha intela babemba eqolo lapho isimo, okuyinto ayikwazi enginakho noma ukudalwa imithetho nezimo zomnotho, noma yokunikezelwa amalungelo abo ezombusazwe. Ngesikhathi sebephuma enkantolo okuqukethwe isamba eqolo, yengcebo abampofu, izikweletu zomphakathi ifinyelele ngezabelo engakaze ibonwe. Kunokuba ukuqondisa umnotho, iziphathimandla zanquma ukuba zonke izintela entsha eqolo, okuyinto wahamba uhlasela emahlombe onxiwankulu abasha. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, nezimboni kanye bezimali wayengenamalungelo zezombusazwe, bayakwazi ukuthonya isimo sisonke, ngakho abaningi uthukuthele nezicukuthwane ababenesithakazelo kuphela yabo nenhlalakahle. Omunye nezimpendulo embuzweni "kungani Storming we Bastille njengoba ekuqaleni inguquko" nguye ukuthi leli jele endaweni yeziboshwa aristocrats ngubani ngakho liyabazonda abantu abavamile.

United-Jikelele

ukuntengantenga kwezomnotho kanye elikhulu izikweletu zomphakathi ophoqelelwe Louis XVI ukubuyela amandla owayenguNgqongqoshe Wezezimali, i umsekeli asebenzayo yizinguquko kwezomnotho, Necker. Kwathiwa wanquma ukuba babuthane United-Jikelele, okuyinto Kwakuhlelwe ukuba kabili inani lezihlalo ngoba abameleli Okwesithathu bezindlu. abameleli wobunxiwankulu eholwa Bala Mirabeau kanye Abbe Sieyes. Ngemva ukungavumelani abaningi abamele Okwesithathu bezindlu ngokwayo Yaphinde yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-National Assembly. Imizamo yenkosi okumemezela null isinqumo wawungenalutho bangathola lutho. Louis XVI waphoqeleka ukuba ngimemezele semthethweni weSigungu Sikazwelonke, okuyinto ngokushesha wabazisa umgomo walo omusha - ukudalwa entsha isimiso sezombangazwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa soMthethosisekelo.

Ukuqala kwavukelwa

Ngaleso sikhathi, eParis ngo eyisimanga. Basakaza amapheshana, babe izikhulumi eziningi kwakuba amaqembu ahlukahlukene. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukuze umoya wenkosi abantu, inkosi ukudansela isiginci sakhe amasosha Paris. Ngo-July 12, YeNkosi Order Necker waxoshwa futhi ababedingisiwe ngaphandle France. Izindaba lokhu kwakuyisiqalo kuvukela. Ekuseni ngo-13 Julayi ku esemaphethelweni eParis Ezwa tocsin. abahwebi amancane kanye netingcweti temsebenti, izintatheli, abasebenzi, abesifazane futhi amadoda amadala behlomile phandle emigwaqweni. Kamuva ngalolo suku, abantu bakuleli dolobha ethumba arsenal.

Bastille

1789. Bastille akufani njengakuqala. Esikhundleni netikhulu ovelele, whiled kude lapha emashumini ejele, ejele waba yindawo yeziboshwa izigebengu abavamile. Okuqukethwe i inqaba ezinkulu kangako eqolo, futhi Necker wayesenze amaphutha ezihlongozwayo yokuqeda etilongweni, ezweni lapho injena, ukuthengisa yengcebo. Indida itholakala lokuthi ukuthi uSuku Bastille eFrance hhayi kungaba iholide ezisemthethweni, kwadingeka ukuba Necker walalela ngaphambi.

Izibhamu enqabeni endala efakwe ngase Emaphethelweni Saint-Antoine, lapho baqoqene abampofu ezisemadolobheni. Leli qiniso ikakhulukazi izakhamuzi abathukuthele Emuva Suku Bastille. Usuku Juni 14, 1789 kwaba usuku lokugcina ukuba khona ejele ahlukile. Ngemva kokuzwa ukuthi la inqaba oluhlehlela amasosha kahulumeni, Kamil Demulen ngivule ezikhukhula ejele. Isixuku ishanelwe squad abavikeli aqhumuka esangweni. Usigaxamabhande sibulawe, Bastille wawa. Inkosi waphoqeleka ukuba ubuyisele Necker bese uphuma amabutho.

sekudlule Esikhathini esithile, futhi izindonga enqabeni endala kwabhujiswa. At the site le nqaba ubudala bakha ugwadule, okuyinto wafaka uphawu ethi: ". Indawo ukudansa"

okutholakele

Kungani-ke ukuthatha we Bastille njengoba ekuqaleni ngalezi zinguquko? Kulokhu okungenhla singakwazi iziphetho ezilandelayo:

- I-Bastille kwakuhambisana nezinga basebukhosini kuphela, amakhosi ohlanga kanye ngesikhathi esifanayo sasifanekisela ukucindezelwa, ejele. Ukuwa kwe-inqaba waba uphawu lokuhlala ukubhujiswa umbuso ubudala.

- Ngemva kokuwa Bastille, kanye nenkosi yama-ukuhoxiswa okokuqala emlandweni belalela imibono yabantu lalo.

Julayi 14, 1789 King zinhlanga Izicukuthwane wawa, abantu baye bazibonakalisa ikhono lazo simelane uwuhulumeni wobukhosi - yingakho kuthatha we Bastille njengoba ekuqaleni inguquko. Ithuba ukuthonya isimo esikhona manje futhi ushintshe ukuphila ezweni labo kwadingeka izakhamizi, kanye basebenzisa leli thuba.

Usuku le-Bastille eFrance kubhekwa iholide kazwelonke. Le nkululeko iholide, ukuzimela futhi ubumbano lukazwelonke ngoba bonke abantu kuleli.