Zingaki amamitha cubic in ton: umbuzo wesisindo kanye ivolumu

Uma ubuza umbuzo mayelana namathani amangaki ama cubic, kufanele ucacise ukuthi kusho ukuthini. Mhlawumbe, kuyoba umbuzo wegesi yemvelo, mhlawumbe, kuthiwa ngamafutha, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi mayelana nokufuduka kwemikhumbi.

I-Etymology yegama

Ezweni ngalinye, yebo kunezwe, edolobheni ngalinye kwakukhona amayunithi awo wokulinganisa. Ubude bulinganiselwe ngama-arshin, izinyawo, amamitha, ama-sazhens, namabanga amade - amamayela noma amamayela. Imiqulu yayibhekwa njengama-pints kanye nama-mugs, amagaloni kanye namabhakede, imiphongolo nemiphongolo. Izinyathelo zesisindo nazo azikwazanga ukucatshangelwa: ama-ounces, amapounds, izinyathelo, ama-pood nokuningi. Kodwa ngokubaluleka okwandayo kwamazinga ezentengiselwano wezinyathelo nezisindo kwakudingeka kufaniswe. Okokuqala, ngaphakathi kwezwe elilodwa, khona-ke ukulinganisa kwenzeka phakathi kwamazwe ngabanye, futhi isinyathelo esilandelayo kwakuyizinga elijwayelekile emhlabeni wonke wezinyunithi zokulinganisa. Kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, umbuzo othi "mangaki amamitha ayizigidi zamathani ngamathani" akakwazanga ukuphakama, ngoba kwakungekho amayunithi anjalo okulinganisa. Futhi amagama ngokwawo - ithani nemitha - evele eFrance lapho imigomo yezinguquko ze-bourgeois inqoba.

Labo abaphumelele nganoma yisiphi indlela bavusa ukubhubhisa abasindile bombuso, abafaka kuwo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, izinyanga - amagama, izinsuku zeviki, amayunithi wokulinganisa. Amayunithi amasha wokulinganisa athola amagama amasha. "Ton" yavela ngegama lesiFulentshi elithi tonne, elisho igama elincane lesiLatini elithi "tunne". "Imitha" yayinezimpande zasendulo zesiGreki (kusukela "isilinganiso" noma "imitha"). Umbuzo othi "mangaki amamitha ayi cubic ngetoni" athole impendulo yokuqala yeqiniso eFrance ngo-1795.

I-Metric system

Ngokusungulwa kwesistimu yamayunithi amasha, bashiya isilinganiso esiphambanweni sesishumi nambili, futhi ngokusekelwe kumadayimali. AmaFulentshi achaza izindinganiso ezintsha zokulinganisa ubude, isisindo kanye nevolumu. Okokuqala, izinga lobude - "imitha" - lachazwa njenge-meridian eyodwa yesigidi esisodwa seParis. Izilinganiso zesikhathi esizayo zibonise ukuthi ubude bomhlaba obuyimiliyoni kwezinye izingxenye buhlukile emakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amane ezifanele, kodwa imitha isivele ithatha indawo yayo yokulinganisa ubude. Izibalo ezivela kulobu bude zitholwe ngokungeza izibikezelo zesiLatin - micro-, milli-, centi-, deci-, kilo-. Isilinganiso sesisindo sasingamanzi amaningi ku-cube enesisindo sombundu wesentimitha esisodwa esimweni esihle, njengoba kucatshangwa, isimo. Geza amanzi emzimbeni ovamile. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi leyunithi yesisindo yayincane kakhulu, kwavela amavolomu amasha esingajwayelekile nesisindo. Ngakho-ke, i-cube enomphetho owodwa emanzini afanayo emanzini afanele aqala ukubizwa ngokuthi "litre" (futhi, izimpande zalesi sizwi yi-Old French).

Futhi lapho i-cube ibinomkhawulo wamitha, bathola i-unit entsha yesisindo - "ithoni." Okusho ukuthi, uma uguqula amathani zibe ngamamitha ayi-cubic amanzi, uthola inyunithi. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela "esimweni esihle" samanzi. Ngokuvamile noma yikuphi uketshezi kulula uma ushukuthele.

Uhlelo Lwamanye amazwe Lwamanyunithi

Le ndlela yamatriki, nakuba ivela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, yamukelwa eFrance kumyalelo wezomthetho kuphela ngo-1837. Kancane kancane, kwaqala ukuthola ukuthandwa kwezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ekugcineni kwahlanganiswa ngo-1875, lapho iSivumelwano Semetric samukelwa yizithunywa ezigunyaziwe zamandla omhlaba ayisishiyagalolunye. Omunye walawa mazwe kwakunguRussia, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakungesiyo Federation, kodwa uMbuso.

Yisiphi isizathu ukuthi manje ezweni lethu izilinganiso azikho ngamapounds noma amabhakede, futhi singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi zingaki amamitha ayizigidi zamathani ngamathani. Ngemuva kwezinguquko eziningi, lo mhlangano waba yisisekelo sokwakhiwa kweSystem System of Units ngo-1960. Kulesi simiso kwakukhona indawo nemitha, netani.

Amathani ahlukene

Kodwa nokho umbuzo othi "ithoni elingu-1 - mangaki amamitha ayi-cubic" akuyona into encane nhlobo. Ngoba ngaphezu komqondo we-metric system, kunezinye izincazelo. Isibonelo, kunemibono enjengetoni yaseMelika (elifushane), elinesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili kilogram. Kodwa ithoni yesiNgisi (eside) eyishumi nesithupha ne-gk kilos isisindo kunomthamo owodwa. Iyunithi efanayo, kuphela ngegama elithi "ithwala lokuthutha", lilinganisa usayizi wezimpahla. Uma kungumbuzo wezinto ezisindayo, usayizi wawo ulingana ne-tonne yesiNgisi, futhi izimoto ezilula nezikhulu zilinganiswa ngamamitha ayi-cubic. Lokhu kungukuthi, impendulo yombuzo othi "mangaki amamitha ayizigidi ezinamathani ayizigidi zamathani" izoba ngu-1.12.

Ukufuduka kwemikhumbi kulinganiswa, futhi, kumayunithi afanayo. Kodwa amarejista wezakhiwo, asetshenziselwa lo mqondo, awulinganisi isisindo, kodwa ivolumu yekamelo, elingasetshenziswa ngokuthunyelwa. Ngakho-ke, impendulo efanele kumbuzo othi "mangaki amamitha ayizigidi zamathani ezihamba ngempahla" izoba ngamasentimitha angu-2,83.