Yini okufanele uqale ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa. Ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa: amavithamini, ukudla okunomsoco

Inkathi yokuhlela ukukhulelwa owesifazane kuthiwa ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphambi kokuvuthwa. Isiqalo "ngaphambi" kuleli gama kusho isandulela sento ethile. Futhi igama lesiLatini elithi gravida lihunyushwe ngokuthi "ukhulelwe." Ngaphezu kwalokho kulesi sihloko sizocabangela amaphuzu aphambili afakiwe ekuhleleni. Ungaqala kanjani ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa?

Ama-Basic Elements

Ekuqaleni kokuhlela, okokuqala kudingekile ukubikezela isikhathi. Ukulungiselela ukubeletha ngaphambi kokubeletha kuvame ukuqhutshwa cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokukhulelwe. Iqukethe izenzakalo ezinjalo:

1. Ukuhlolwa kokubili kwabashadile.
2. Ukulungiselela ukukhulelwe.
3. Ukubikezela izinsuku ezinhle zokuvota.

Odokotela abavakashelayo

Ungaqala kanjani ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa? Yiqiniso, ngokuvakashela ochwepheshe. Udokotela wokuqala ophoqelekile ukuba ahambele wonke owesifazane ohlela ukukhulelwa ukuba abe ngumbhali. Kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuhlolisiswa komzimba nokuhlonza ezinye izifo ezingelapheki (i-anemia, izifo zezinso, umfutho wegazi ophezulu). Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa, udinga ukudlulisa umchamo negazi ukuze uhlaziye, ulinganise ukucindezelwa kwegazi, wenze ukushintsha kwegazi. Uma ngabe kukhona izifo ezingapheliyo kakade, kufanele uxhumane nochwepheshe ofanelekile. Into esemqoka ayivunyelwe ukwenza umklamo lapho ukwandisa izifo ezinjalo. Uma usebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi oyidingayo ukuze utshele udokotela ngalokhu, njengoba imithi ethile iphikisana ngokweqile ekukhutheni. Udokotela oyinhloko ozoqhuba isifundo sezitho zangasese ngaphambi kokukhulelwe, ungumjozi wezinkinga zokubeletha. Lo mchwepheshe ngeke akwazi ukuchaza kuphela isidingo sezinyathelo ezithile, kodwa futhi ukusiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezingenzeka ukuthi ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa kungahlanganiswa (emva kokufa noma ukukhipha isisu, isibonelo).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuhlaziywe ukutholakala kwezifo futhi kunqume isidingo sokuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa ye-herpes, i-rubella, i-hepatitis, i-syphilis, i-toxoplasmosis. Lezi zifo zingatholakala emzimbeni, kodwa azibonakali nhlobo. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngodokotela wamazinyo, ngoba amazinyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa abhujiswa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-calcium emzimbeni. Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka ekungeneni kumntwana, umuntu kufanele aphathe ngaphambi kokuvuthwa.

Kulabo besifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala, futhi kulabo abanezinkinga ezingokwemvelo noma imisebe emndenini, ukubonisana kwe-geneticist kufanele kube yingxenye ebalulekile ehlanganisa ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa.

Amavithamini

Ukuze kube nokwakheka okufanele nokuthuthukiswa kwengane, umzimba womama kufanele ube nenamba ethile yamakhemikhali awusizo. Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke ezitholakala ngokudla. Ngakho-ke, ucabanga ukuthi ungaqala kanjani ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa, owesifazane akufanele akhohlwe ngezici zokulandelela. Ikakhulukazi kubakhathazeka labo abaphila ngezakhi zabo ezidliwayo, ukubhema, imifino kanye neminye imithonya. Umthamo wansuku zonke walezi zinto kufanele umiswe udokotela oya khona. Akunaso isizathu okudingeka ulalele nabangani ababeletha ngesikhathi besakhulelwe basebenzisa lawa noma amanye amavithamini. Isilinganiso sinikezwa ngabanye futhi sincike emzimbeni othile. Esimweni esiphikisanayo, i-supersaturation nalezi zinto zingenzeka, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi.

Folic acid

Lesi sici sinqunyelwe cishe bonke abesifazane ekulungiseleleni ukukhulelwa. I-folic acid ithatha ingxenye ekhuthele ekukhuleni kwezicubu zezinzwa. Isikhathi sokwamukelwa kwakhe izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okuhleliwe. Futhi, i-folic acid ingathathwa ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhulelwa, ngoba ingakwazi ukuvikela i-fetus kusuka ematokisini ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwezinzwa zomphakathi.

Umthamo wansuku zonke we-folic acid ungama 400 μg. Lokhu kungakanani okuqukethe amalungiselelo e-multivitamin, okuhloselwe abesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngaphezu kwe-folic acid, iqukethe ezinye izinto eziwusizo. Endabeni yowesifazane ohlala ezindaweni ezinokuntuleka kwe-iodine, i-100 μg ye-iodide ye-potassium kufanele ifakwe kwinkimbinkimbi . Uma eminyakeni emibili edlule owesifazane ekhishwa isisu noma ekubelethweni, umzimba wakhe udinga amalungiselelo ensimbi.

Ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa. Amandla. Ukuphila okunempilo

Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokucubungula okuhleliwe, kufanele ugweme ukudla okuqukethe ama-preservatives, amade kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Kudingeka futhi ukwethula ukuvinjelwa okunzima kotshwala.

Uma sicabangela umbuzo wokuthi ungaqala kanjani ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe nendlela yokuphila komama ozayo. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kunconywa ukukhawulela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ngoba kulokhu ingozi yokuthola noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kukhula kakhulu.

Uma kungenzeka, i-hypothermia kufanele igwenywe, ngoba amakhaza esiteji sokuqala sokukhulelwa uyakwazi ukuthelela ingane. Ukungakhulelwa kungaqiniswa ngokudla u-anyanisi nesweli.

Inyanga ngaphambi kokukhulelwe, kufanele uzame ukungagcini umzimba, hhayi ukuvakashela i-sauna. Ukuhamba okuvamile okunconywe emoyeni omusha, okungcono kude nemigwaqo. Izindawo ezinjalo amapaki, amapaki, amapheshana amahlathi nabanye.

Ukuzivocavoca

Isimo somzimba wesifazane sibaluleke kakhulu embuzweni wokuthi ungaqala kanjani ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokubeletha umthwalo omkhulu emgodleni udala. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda okukhulu kwesisindo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuqinisa imisipha yesisu nokubuya kusengaphambili ngesethi yokuzivocavoca. Zingasetshenziswa futhi njengeprophylaxis ezinyaweni ezinamazinyo, ukukhulisa ithoni yemisipha ye-pelvic kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemisipha ye-adductor ezinqulwini. Ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okunjalo nsuku zonke, ungakwazi ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa, nokusheshisa inqubo yokubuyela esimweni esidala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane. Ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba kuzokwenza ukuba ukwazi ukugwema inkinga yokwehla ngokweqile ngecala, gwema imivimbo ye-varicose, welula amamaki, uhlakazeke ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo

Iqembu elithile lezisulelo zingathinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwengane noma inqubo yokukhulelwa. Futhi nakuba cishe bonke bengenayo izimpawu futhi bengaboni, imiphumela yabo iyingozi kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-rubella noma i-toxoplasmosis, eyenzeka ebuntwaneni, cishe ingabi usongo kumama. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka ngezifo ezinjalo ngesikhathi ukhulelwe kungabangela kalula ukutheleleka kwengane. I-Herpes ne-cytomegalovirus, lapho abantu abaningi bevezwa khona, ngokuvamile abazibonakali ngokwabo, futhi amagciwane abo akandi, kepha ngokucindezeleka kwezifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa komntwana, ukutheleleka komntwana kungenzeka. Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke ukungena kokutheleleka ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka kusengaphambili ukufeza izivivinyo zalezi zifo futhi, lapho kutholakala, ukwenza ukwelashwa okufanele.

Inoculations

Ngaphambi kokukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukugoma ngezifo ezithile. Lokhu kubandakanya i-rubella. Uma kwenzeka lo wesifazane engazange ahlupheke kuwo, kufanele agonywe izinyanga ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okubikezelwe, ngisho noma kungekho-antibodies atholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi. Njengamanje, yonke imishanguzo ye-rubella ayinabungozi ngokuphelele, inika cishe umphumela we-100% futhi ikhiqize igciwane lesifo ngenxa yeminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Uma ukugoma kungenziwanga kusengaphambili, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvinjelwe ukwenza kanjalo, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthelela ingane yakho ngaleli gciwane. Endabeni yokuhlelwa kokukhulelwa ekuqaleni kwasebusika, kunconywa ukuthi owesifazane ugonywe umkhuhlane. Zonke izivivinyo zezokwelapha, imijovo ehlukahlukene kanye nanoma yimaphi ama-manipulations abeka ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka nge-hepatitis B. Yingakho kungeke kube yinto engafanelekile ukufeza lokhu kugonywa.