Architecture ka Kievan Rus

Ekhulwini IX abantu Slavic bahlangana ngaphansi amandla olulodwa kwesikhulu, okwaholela ekusungulweni abasha futhi enamandla isimo - Kievan Rus. isikhathi mlando uphola lesi senzakalo ukuba ngonyaka 862. Sokuthuthwa kwempahla Kievan Rus babebizwa nangokuthi ngakolunye "imizi yasehlanzeni," waqala maphakathi le IX kanye waqhubeka kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XII.

Architecture ka Kievan Rus, kanye nezincwadi, esakhiwa ngaphansi kwethonya ngenkolo entsha yobuKristu, kodwa intambo elikhanyayo lonke emlandweni ifa yobuqaba yasendulo eqhubeka phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ubufakazi ukuthi kukhona yobuciko eminingi yezakhiwo. Kukhunjulwa izakhiwo zasendulo, kuhlanganisa vintage akudala yokuqala, mbumbulu sculpted nemihlobiso emangalisayo segolide-nangapha amasonto amancane namakhulu. Abaningi babo ezisekhona kuze kube yilolu suku.

Umklamo eziyingqayizivele Kievan Rus - a Symbiosis of konke okuhle ku isiko izizwe zakwa-Eastern Slavic, uMbuso omkhulu WaseByzantium, izizwe ayimizulane, kanye bebodwa. Abakhi Russia lasendulo engimbumbile isitayela ukuthi namanje owuthanda umcabango izingane. Umklamo ephelele kunayo Kievan Rus ezigcinwe Kiev yesimanje. Kubonakala sengathi kule ndawo iqukethe wonke yobuciko ebalulekile kwesikhathi, njenge -Church of the Okweshumi, St Sophia Cathedral, kweSango Golden ukuze Church of the Annunciation, nabanye abaningi.

Omkhulu Baptist Kievan Rus Prince uVladimir e 996, ngemali yakhe siqu ukwakha Church omangalisayo Okweshumi. Wokugcinwa bakhe, wakhetha ingxenye yeshumi imali yabo, wayebizwa ngokuthi - okweshumi, isonto kusukela leli gama lethiwa. Kwathiwa akenze emlandweni injongo enkulu. Old bokwakhiwa Russian isakhiwo wembula kubo bonke ubuhle balo.

Kuyinto enkulu kakhulu, cross-oluyingungu, shestiyarusnaya. Yakhiwa leminyaka itshe, ngaphakathi kwathiwa ehlotshiswe nemidwebo ekhexisayo ubuhle yamatshe namatshe amhlophe amaningi. Ekuqaleni, Tithe beSonto lalibhekwa ihlelwe ethuneni kwesikhulu. Lapha, umka-Vladimir wangcwatshwa, inkosazana ethile yaseByzantium, u-Anna, futhi wafa ngo-1015. Khona-ke lapha bathunyelwa izinsalela edume Princess Olga. Ingaphakathi isonto ihlanganisa iconostasis, iziphambano nezinye nempahla isonto, owawungumnyaka engcono ngaleso sikhathi.

Ubuciko Kievan Rus hit ekulungisweni ubuciko wezingcweti wendawo lasendulo. isiphetho yeSonto sasidabukisa futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XI ke balinyazwa umlilo bese ngaphansi monakalo okuphindaphindiwe. Ngo 1240 Batu Khan wathatha Kiev, engawayekanga shrine futhi bawubhubhisa ngokuphelele Bandla Okweshumi.

Maphakathi Kiev sidilizwa namanje gqizisa St Sophia Cathedral. He is ubonakale kude, futhi Dome yayo ngegolide, bazisa futhi uyaziqhenya yokuthi elimangalisayo ubuhle lesikhumbuzo enjalo walondoloza kuze kube yilolu suku. Yena - indawo yokugogobala ukuba amakholwa, futhi omunye ezikhangayo esemqoka zomlando yenhloko-dolobha. Indaba yakhe akuyona elula, uma nawo ngokuphindaphindiwe baphanga phakathi nempi, kufaka phakathi 1240 amasosha Batu, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye kwelasempumalanga olwatholakala emanxiweni. Ngo 1740 lavuselelwa ngokuphelele, futhi ukubonakala kwawo samanje namanje ejabulela ukubukwa yayo ngendlela ekhexisayo elidala. Eduze St Sophia Cathedral kweSango Golden. Lena lesikhumbuzo ongokomfanekiso lasendulo, okutshengisa sesakhiwo Kievan Rus.

Ligede ubuso edolobheni futhi zazisetshenziselwa ngokwesiko, emnyango ngokwesiko ukuba Kiev lasendulo. Akhiwa sesihlasela ingxenye eseningizimu ye emzini Kiev Prince Yaroslav Ohlakaniphile e-1037. Njengoba ukuvikelwa okungeziwe, phambi kwesango kwaba emseleni ngemba 15 ububanzi futhi 8 amamitha ukujula. Isango Golden - it is a real inqaba umbhoshongo nohambo kuze kufinyelele 7.5 amamitha. Siye basinda pilasters enamandla, izindonga lasendulo 9.5 amamitha eliphezulu. Neziphawulekayo Gate Bandla Annunciation eSangweni. It sasifanekisela enqabeni yobuKristu. ucwaningo Archaeological leSango Golden wamangaza ososayensi bathola izinsalela yomhlobiso wawo: imidwebo Umfanekiso, cubes eliqhakazile glazes esobala, izinsalela KaMose. Smalt ngokuvamile kakhulu esetshenziswa umhlobiso oMdala Amathempeli. abaklami sidilizwa bathandile for ukuqina kwayo okukhulu nobuhle umbala play zazo ngomumo eyenziwe bukhoma kulokolokoza umphumela.

Ngokungangabazeki, ngale nkathi emlandweni ubuciko Kievan Rus safinyelela lalichumile enkulu, futhi ubufakazi izikhumbuzo emangalisayo langaleso sikhathi.