Workshop on isiRashiya: izinhlobo obusebenzayo-semantic yokukhuluma

Ulimi njengoba wokuxhumana futhi ukudluliswa kolwazi has amafomu amabili ayisisekelo - Monologue kanye nokuxoxisana. Ngamunye wabo unendlela yawo izici ezihlukile sezici. ifomu Monologue, kuye izinhloso zokuxhumana, kokuqukethwe yayo kanye indlela isethulo uhlukaniswe ezintathu uhlobo obusebenzayo-semantic.

Izinhlobo yokukhuluma kanye ngezigaba zabo

Ngo yezilimi lifaka phakathi izinhlobo ezinjalo ezisebenza-okunenjongo yokukhuluma njengoba incazelo, ukucabanga, ukulandisa. Elandisayo kanye nencazelo ezihlobene izenzakalo, izenzo, izinto kanye izimfanelo zabo, futhi ukucabanga ibonisa izinqubo ukucabanga futhi lihlotshaniswa imiqondo nezahlulelo. Umbhalo kohlobo ngalunye kuyaqabukela okwethulwa injalo elicwengekileyo. Ngokuvamile, lapho ukhuluma noma ngokubhala izinhlobo umbhalo ngolimi Russian avele ifomu okuxubile, isibonelo, incazelo izakhi of agumenti noma letilandzisako incazelo izakhi.

incazelo

Incazelo - lena uhlobo umbhalo, ogama mission - ukumela iyiphi into, mkhuba, abantu icubungulisise, nazo zonke izici zawo ehlukile. Lapha udonsela ukunakekela ezakheke kanye nosayizi, unikezwa isici umbala. Incazelo static ngaphezulu ngokuya ngentuthuko kunezinye izinhlobo umbhalo. Uma esebenzayo uhlobo obusebenzayo-semantic yokukhuluma imelelwa ifomula, sithola: incazelo = 2 + 1 uphawu uphawu + ezintathu uphawu, njll

Isibonelo esimangalisayo izincazelo Lombhalo portrait izici usebenza izinhlamvu. Kulezi abalobi hhayi kuphela ukuchaza ukubonakala, kodwa futhi abonisa ezinye izici ngamunye, lapho kungabonwa yiwo wonke ukubukeka uhlobo ngokwengqondo isithombe.

Incazelo ngokuvamile iqukethe inqwaba izingxenye "achazayo" yokukhuluma: tiphawulo, participles, tandziso, emabito. Ngokuvamile kukhona okuchazayo kanye ulimi olucacile kusho: izingathekiso epithets. Ezinye izinhlobo tekusebentisa semantic yokukhuluma abakwazi ukuqhosha ezihlukahlukene ezifana. Izithombe okuwuphawu oluyinhloko nje echaza.

lelandzisako

Ngokusobala incazelo lucebe kwegama elithi "lelandzisako" ibonisa ukuthi uhlobo umbhalo senzelwe ukuchaza noma yimuphi umcimbi noma izenzakalo ukuthuthukiswa. Lena indaba isethulo esingaguquguquki okuthile lenesicalo, eba ngesikhathi kanye imikhawulo. Igama elithi "serial" lapha kuyisihluthulelo.

Futhi uma kwi izinhlobo obusebenzayo-semantic yokukhuluma ngesimo izikimu, indaba zaziyoba ibukeke lokhu: umcimbi indaba = 1 umcimbi + 2 + 3 umcimbi, njll Ngokuvamile umbhalo lelandzisako has ngezithako zawo okunzima: isingeniso noma setfulo, the main okuyingxenye, lapho ngesikhathi esithile Uhlaka izinto zihamba futhi isiphetho (noma isiphetho sendaba). Empeleni, noma yimuphi Indaba isibonelo elandisayo. Ngokwemvelo, owande kakhulu yokukhuluma osebenzisa Isenzo ukubukeka ephelele. Ngabo, kungcono ukuba adlulisele ukulandelana izenzakalo ukuzishintsha ngesikhathi.

ukucabanga

Ukucabanga - uhlobo umbhalo eyobonisa ukulandelana nokuhleleka mcabango inqubo Ukuzindla enhlekeleleni ethile noma isenzakalo esithile. Kanye nezinye izinhlobo tekusebentisa semantic yokukhuluma, it has eziningi timphawu letehlukene. Umbhalo-ukucabanga okuhambelana isikimu ukucabanga = mqondo + okukhipha agumenti. It libhekene inala silulumagama abstract ezesayensi, kuhlanganise of emabito etintfo longeke emagama angaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo izwi okokufaka ezifana "kuqala", "lesibili", "ngaleyo ndlela", "ngakho", okuxhunyanwa isitimela yokucabanga.

Ukwakheka agumenti umbhalo okulandelayo: washayelwa njengendlela mqondo, umcondvo lobalulekile, the main okuyingxenye, equkethe izahlulelo netiphetfo ezivela agumenti ukusekela noma zingamanga mqondo-ke isiphetho.