Waste ukuhlunga izinhlelo: imishini ukuhlunga kabusha kwabendlu waste kanye

Umqondo we inhlangano ukukhiqizwa non-udoti ukuze ileveli entsha ukusebenza nokusebenzisa. ubuchwepheshe besimanje ukuvumela ukuba nokwandisa izinqubo yokukhiqiza of umkhiqizo kanye nokulindela ekufezeni umjikelezo ogcwele ukukhiqiza. Lokho Ingumfanekiso kamasipala kukadoti (MSW) ayikwazi ngokufanele, bese uya umjikelezo olandelayo ukukhiqizwa. Nokho, lo mbono kuyinto ezimweni eziningi kancane kuphela igcwaliseke. Waste noma cha thola isicelo yabo isitshalo ukhiqiza, noma ayikwazi kahle ihlelwa. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga yesibili ezitshalweni eziningi zezimboni okuhlangene imfucuza ukuhlunga izinhlelo, lapho ufuna ulungele ehlutshiwe iphepha isisindo, ingilazi, zensimbi noma sepulasitiki.

Inhlangano umsebenzi imfucuza ukuhlunga izindawo

KaMasipala kukadoti kuba imikhiqizo imfucuza ongavamile ezidayiswayo hhayi kuphela. doti okunjalo ishiywa enqubeni kanye nokukhiqiza izindawo, nokusabalalisa amanethiwekhi nezinhlangano kwezohwebo. On ifektri umthamo imfucuza izinhlelo ukuhlunga ingafakwa ifakwe ngaphandle ukudalwa enkampanini ethutha ukuthutha udoti. Kwezinye izimo, izinkampani bahlelekela isivumelwano esikhethekile, owawuthi, kungenye processing plant oyokwenziwa Ukuhlolwa imisebenzi.

Ngaphambi kokuthumela imfucuza zanqwabelana, inkampani lucwaningo enesisindo nokuma iqembu. izimpahla Landelayo wathutha ngqo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuhlunga. Lokhu kulandelwa izigaba eziningana njengoba sihamba okwakwenza ukukhethwa efanelekayo ngombono kabusha ngenhloso ezimbonini. Zona efanayo MSW ekuhlungeni luyasetshenziswa ngezigaba eziningana, ngamunye okuyinto ayenza usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile.

Ukuthola nokondla zokuthutha

Ukwemukelwa iqembu imfucuza Kwenziwa esebenzisa imigqomo ekhethekile ezingase zidlulele ngqo mass ekuhlungeni umugqa. Kulesi ezivamile ukunikezela wesifunda futhi okuyinto ngqo eyenziwa udoti amaloli. Ngokuvamile, ngesisekelo izakhiwo ezinjalo zimumethe zezimboni pad concreted ngaphansi kombhede imfucuza amasampuli esiteshini. Okukhulu kakhulu imfucuza yasendlini akhethiwe kanye anezinto imishini ekhethekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ogandaganda abembayo ne nezinamathiselo ezifanele.

Kakade at the stage of ukukhethwa izinto ngazinye sinokubaluleka iqala inqubo ekuhlungeni. Ngokuvamile, isisindo asele ithunyelwa elihambayo Kuhlehlisiwe bese kufakwa evulekile -type esitsheni multilift. Kuye uhlelo isitshalo esithile lingase liphinde lisetshenziswe ngoba kucutshungulwa eseduze umthamo ekuhlungeni eyinkimbinkimbi. It kuvela inqubo ayimi kokukhethwa nokucubungula esisindisa ingxenye enkulu kule zokuthutha udoti izindleko.

Elihambayo ukuhlunga

Ezimweni eziningi, ekuhlungeni wenziwa nge uquqaba, okuyinto amelwa eyohlobo izici ntathu izakhi. Ukuze enze zokuthutha ezinjalo umsebenzi imfucuza ukuhlunga ihlelwe akhonzwa opharetha. Ngokukhetha amafraktjhini abasebenzi efanelekayo bephonsa nabo ku-bin ezifanele. Ngokuvamile, elihambayo enezinto eziningi kubhaklazeka emiselwe ukudedelwa uhlobo oluthile imfucuza - .. Ngokwesibonelo, sepulasitiki, iphepha, lensimbi, ingilazi, njll ngokombono inhlangano lobuchwepheshe imfucuza ezifana ukuhlunga okuqinile iyona elula, njengoba Igxila umsebenzi wezandla. Automation inikeza kuphela tape, okuyinto ngaphambi lingena nenqwaba imfucuza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona esalisekela futhi ezimbili indlela umugqa, ukuthi, ukukhethwa kungaba kwenziwe eyodwa noma zombili.

cindezela othomathikhi

imishini Ukucindezela hhayi kuhlobane ngokuqondile eziyisisekelo ekuhlungeni umsebenzi. imishini enjalo ngokuvamile ukusebenza ngezinto ngomumo kabusha engasetshenziswa ukuthola olunye izinjongo ukukhiqizwa. Kukhona futhi imfucuza-sicubungula eziyinkimbinkimbi, lapho kungekho cindezela. Ngokuvamile kuba mini-izitshalo, lapho ngokushesha ngemva nokucutshungulwa ithumela izinto ukucubungula ukukhiqizwa. I cindezela kakhulu efanayo kuyinto umshini wokubacindezela, okuyinto ngenxa yesenzo ingcindezi licindezele mass engenayo.

Ukucindezela njengoba enjalo, idinga ukwakha compact zokuthutha kanye Logistics yokusingatha amabhele. Ngakho kuyinto efiselekayo bezofika Ukucindezela Machines mass imfucuza kwase izici elingana ncamashi. Kulokhu, bekuyoba lula futhi kucutshungulwe izinto kabusha emishinini umthelela ezishisayo noma mechanical.

isitoreji bin

Iziqukathi okuqoqa imfucuza Okunokubuka, kukhona ezimbili zama. Lokhu hopper, ezisebenza nge mass onomfutho futhi amathangi ethola ihlobene ngokuqondile lichanyuselwe osenyameni akhethiwe izinto. Ngakho, ezifana imigqomo ezahlukene futhi eboshwe kanye kuchutjekwe neluhlelo lwekwenta. Ngakho, ukugcinwa amabhele eqeda kungenziwa wasithukuthelela umugqa ukukhiqizwa kabusha, ngeloli noma umamukeli yokugcina unomphela. Le nqwaba kunqunywa imisebenzi ukuzixazulula ethile ekuhlungeni izitshalo kanye nempahla yalo. Ezinye izinkampani sisebenze ngemapholigoni yokugcina imfucuza enobungozi, kuyilapho abanye ngezikhundla zabo ofanayo ukucutshungulwa zasebenza.

Expendables

Isinyathelo ukwakha briquettes, isilungele ezokuthutha noma isitoreji, zisebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile ukuqinisekisa compactness futhi lithembekile amabhlogo. Izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezihilela ukusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa liquid ezithuthukisa adhesion phakathi imfucuza liminyaniseke. Ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi ngokucindezela kontanga platform ngqo ekhosombeni indaba kokuba plasticizers ungeze nempahla viscous. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa eziyinkimbinkimbi imfucuza ukuhlunga imigqa ifakwe kokuzalela, lapho emazombezombe ka-polyester ifilimu noma iribhoni-wayibhinca. Lesi isilinganiso Lokhu kuhloswe ngakho ekuvimbeleni delamination futhi bahlakaze briquettes imfucuza agxishiwe.

amathuba Wanamuhla izakhiwo ukuhlunga

ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe izinhlelo yesimanje ukuhlunga of kukadoti igxile ekuthuthukiseni izinga ukukhethwa. Ikakhulu, i-range olokhu wanda of izinto kungukuthi kabusha kanye awuthunyelwa landfills, futhi wabasebenzisa njengezinceku kabusha. Lezi zihlanganisa imikhiqizo iraba, ezinye izinhlobo kwezicubu yokufakelwa, polymers nge amapulasitiki ukumakwa nokunye. D. Excellence kanye nokusebenza lobuchwepheshe mini-Mills ngokwabo. Ngokwesibonelo, imfucuza mobile ukuhlunga eziyinkimbinkimbi evumela ukuba sihlanganise imisebenzi yezokuthutha ukucutshungulwa, okuyinto isheshisa futhi kwenza eshibhile Logistics izinqubo. Njengoba ngaphambili, izinhlangano ehilelekile ukucutshungulwa imfucuza, benaka ekhethekile nezinkinga zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izakhiwo kungenzeka udoti enobungozi esingakwazi ngisho angcwatshwe landfills ekhethekile.

Kungakanani kungukuchitha ukuhlunga eziyinkimbinkimbi?

Zobuchwepheshe kanye eziyinkimbinkimbi kahle kungadla ruble abangaba yizigidi ezingu-2-3. Kuqiniswe mini-Mills amabhizinisi amancane is elilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-1.5-2. Kodwa okuningi kuncike yokwakheka umugqa ethile futhi imishini eyengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye ngenhla cindezela umshini kungadla izinkulungwane 350-400. Nokho, amabhizinisi amaningi ukwenza ngaphandle kwalo. Kodwa noma kunjalo, setha zenhlangano uqobo izingxenye ngabanye kuyoba eshibhile. imfucuza okunjalo ekuhlungeni kuyoba kusheshe kakhudlwana futhi ithele, kodwa kudingeka ulungiselele futhi nezindleko ezengeziwe umklamo nasemhlanganweni umsebenzi umugqa. izakhiwo ezincane kuqeda futhi ziwusizo ngalolo zidinga umzamo ezincane kakhulu inqubo yokufaka, zithatha isikhala kancane futhi bafune ukuba silondoloze.

Indlela ukukhetha eziyinkimbinkimbi efanelekayo?

Eyokuqala kulinganiselwa inani imfucuza ekhiqizwa lunikezwe emgqeni ekuhlungeni. Kuye lokhu ipharamitha kunqunywa bandwidth hardware. Kulokhu kumele kube value ohlangothini 20%. Futhi ibalwa kusengaphambili inani amafraktjhini okuzokwenziwa ihlelwa ethwala imfucuza ibhande elihambayo. Inombolo kubhaklazeka nolokugcina reception imigqomo kuncike kule nombolo, - futhi, futhi, ngeke ikwazi ukunikeza ngaphezu izigaba ezimbalwa ezengeziwe. Kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele degree of ezishintshayo izinqubo sokusebenza. Nakuba izinhlelo kakhulu sihlinzekela iqhaza umsebenzi opharetha, Abenzi imishini enjalo ngenkuthalo ekusebenziseni emazingeni athile elawula uhlelo ezenzakalelayo - ngokulandelana, nabo ukukhulisa izindleko mini-Mills yalolu hlobo.

isiphetho

Ukukhethwa kwamafrakshini efanelekayo ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kakhulu kuyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Uma ngaphambi inkinga ukuhlunga kuyehla kube Ukusingathwa ihlukaniswe ibe amaqembu 2-3, kuye ngokuthi ezingeni kobukhulu noma ukubaluleka izinto kucutshungulwe, yesimanje ibhizinisi isethi yamagoli iphuzu ngezigaba. Engingakusho nje ukuthi imfucuza ekuhlungeni umugqa ephezulu ubuchwepheshe kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba bakha emacembu imigqa ukusetshenziswa ngokwengeziwe zasebenza e namafemu emikhakheni ehlukene. Ngakho, iphepha udoti ithunyelwa ifenisha ukukhiqiza, metal zithutha fed izitshalo umshini-ithuluzi, kanye nodoti amapulasitiki bayindlala ngisho injalo oluhlanzekile ngawo ukwakhiwa sites. Kulesi design okuthuthukisiwe izakhiwo ukuthi ngqo ukunikeza ukuhlolwa imisebenzi izitshalo.