SAU "Peony". Self ezinezinjini wezikhali ukufakwa 2S7 "pion": ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe kanye nezithombe

203 mm self ezinezinjini isibhamu 2S7 (uphikisana 216) ohlobene wezikhali izikhali reserve High Command. Wezempi, ithole igama ikhodi - ACS "Peony". Izithombe okwethulwa kulesi iphepha okubonisa amandla leli thuluzi. Kuhloswe ukucindezela izindlela kwezikhali zenuzi nezinye izinto ezibucayi e-ukujula Tactical (at ibanga 47 km).

Umlando sokudalwa

Ukudala izibhamu self ezinezinjini "Peony" zaqala lapho isinqumo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa Council of Ministers ngo-1967. Ukuthunywa waveza ukuthi isikhali entsha kwaba ukubhubhisa earthworks, ukhonkolo kanye kwagcizelela izakhiwo zikakhonkolo, kanye ukubhubhisa wezikhali obanzi isitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 2S7 ACS 'Peony' yakhelwe njengendlela "iphisi" of Tactical izinhlelo missile kanye nezinye izindlela ukulethwa kwezikhali zenuzi. Ngokusho umsebenzi, ibanga ubuncane ukunqotshwa kwakufanele kube 25 km.

Futhi manje, ngemva kweminyaka emibili eziningi ehlongozwayo uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe wakhetha umsebenzi nabaqambi Leningrad Kirov endaweni yokukhanda. Ukulungiselelwa ka "Peony" yadalwa esekelwe chassis of tank T-64 nge evulekile conning-umbhoshongo kuqalisa. Nokho, ngonyaka ofanayo umsebenzi yokudala ithuluzi elisha ushintsho olukhulu zenziwa. Isizathu kwaba ukunikezelwa kwama-Abaklami we Volgograd isitshalo "ngothango", okuyinto wethule project uhlelo wezikhali self ezinezinjini ekwenzeni ongaphandle ngesisekelo into 429. Ngenxa yalokho, eMnyango Wezokuvikela enquma uhlangane ngalezi zenzakalo, futhi ACS 203-mm "Peony" kabusha ukuze chassis entsha. Le yunithi wezikhali kube nebanga labadubuli km angafika ku-32 nezinhlamvu ezivamile futhi 42 km amacala asebenzayo-esisheshayo. Umsebenzi ukudalwa yesikhathi zibhamu ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele lapho, ngo-March 1971, Grau uveza izidingo eningiliziwe izici Tactical futhi technical kohlelo yakhelwe. Onjiniyela ezihlongozwayo ukutadisha kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa shot olukhethekile ZVB2 howitzer B-4 osezingeni elifanayo. Umkhawulo labadubuli uhla ezivamile 110-kilogram projectile eyayibekwe at 35 km kanti esincane bezrikoshetnaya yibhange - 8.5 km. Ububanzi esiphezulu isikhali nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile asebenzayo-esisheshayo kwadingeka ukuba 40-43 km. Zonke yalezi zinguquko walala emahlombe unjiniyela oyinhloko ACS "Peony" 2S7 - inombolo KB 3 we Kirov isitshalo, inhloko okwakukhona N. S. Popov.

Ukudala amathuluzi

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, onjiniyela zalesi sihlahla "ngothango" ngaphansi kobuholi Chief Umklami GI Sergeeva athuthukile wezikhali ingxenye ukufakwa ACS "Peony". Rotor yakhelwe warhead ku isikimu classical, kodwa eziningi izici. Ngokwesibonelo, ikhambi ezithakazelisayo kwaba umgqomo egoqekayo (kubhekwe yakudala monoblock design). Sasiphathelene breech, igemfe zungeza, couplings, bushings nezindlu. Umbhali waleli design iyona unjiniyela Obukhov ifektri A. A. Kolokoltsev, ezahlela kuyo ngeminyaka yoma ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Kukhethwa isinqumo esinjalo ngenxa yokuthi wezikhali ukulwa ephezulu amandla imishini (okuyinto "Peony") kungaphansi bafake ngokushesha kakhulu ingxenye threaded umgqomo lapho wadubula. Ngenxa yalokho, omunye-ucezu, okuyinto ayiseyinhle, kumele sithunyelwe esikhundleni isitshalo edinga utshalomali enkulu yesikhathi. Konke lokhu kuholela esiphethweni salesi simiso ukufakwa isikhathi eside. iziqu eziwisekayo efanayo futhi kuncike bafake okusheshayo, kodwa inqubo ukuphindisela ngempela nokwenzeka ngokuya wezikhali workshop, ise-zone frontal, akudingi imishini ethize futhi lilula.

"Nkulunkulu kweMpi zenuzi okukhona"

Kwakuyisikhathi isidlaliso got a isibhamu esisha ukukhweza, lapho ngo-1975-ke waletha nabaqambi Leningrad isitshalo. ngokushesha UMnyango Wezokuvikela wayezazisa ACS entsha. Futhi emva uchungechunge ekomidini uchwepheshe embonini ensimini ukuhlolwa wanika selihanjiswa ukwamukelwa yayo enkonzweni futhi sethula ekukhiqizweni. Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwanyatheliswa amakhophi okuqala ukungena ebuthweni. izikhali okusha inabasebenzi wezikhali brigades kwamandla ekhethekile, futhi senzelwe ukucindezela, abaqede laba izindlela wezikhali nolokubhujiswa zenuzi, ezigqulweni, ogandaganda, Logistics, umyalo Manpower isitha nokulawula amaphuzu. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, ngo-1983, ukufakwa "Peony" usebhekene le sesimanje kuqala. Imodeli olusha unegama ikhodi - "Malka". Grau Inkomba azishintshile, kuphela inothi: "M" -2S7M. Singasho ngokuqiniseka bagomela ngokuthi onjiniyela Soviet nomklamo walo ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba kwathatha cishe iminyaka engu-40 selokhu kwakhululwa i- "Peony" kuqala, kodwa lokhu akubavimbeli ukuba ahlale kuze kube yilolu suku isibhamu ezinamandla kakhulu futhi ethandwa ukukhweza emhlabeni. Ngokusho izibalo ezisemthethweni, ezingaphezu kuka-300 yalezi zikhali zavezwa ngo-1975. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, izakhiwo eziningi zaziyizindawo phesheya, kodwa bayaqhubeka ikhonze ngokufanele kulesi amabutho ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Ngokusho eMnyango Wezokuvikela, kusukela ngomhla ka-2010 kwakukhona 130 izibhamu self ezinezinjini "Peony" amayunithi ebuthweni Russian. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini ubunjalo zalesi simiso wezikhali futhi kungani, naphezu ukuvela kohlobo olusha imiphumela yesikhathi eside ezayo izikhali, ibutho yesimanje Russian kuhlanganisa le mishini impi kwenkathi edlule, cabangela izici lobuchwepheshe ukufakwa.

Incazelo ukwakhiwa wezikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi "Peony"

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izibhamu self ezinezinjini "Peony" senziwa evulekile conning-umbhoshongo ingxenye, okungukuthi uhlelo budedengu. Ukufakwa isibhamu ezithathwe evulekile aft abakhasi chassis. Phambi umzimba elise indlu yokulawula, eminye ibekwe motor-ukudluliswa gumbi, kulandele ukwehlukana ukubala futhi evala umbhoshongo conning. Armored Corps has simise engavamile kakhulu - Make kude phambili cabin crew ukhonza njengomdala counterweight ezengeziwe izibhamu esindayo. Izikhungo isibhamu ukukhweza, "Peony" iqasha iqembu labantu nane, abayisikhombisa - crew we ACS. Esikhathini isikhundla stowed, amatilosi Itholakala linezingxenye sibalo nokulawula, kanye eziyisikhombisa asele basesimweni iloli ekhethekile noma isibalo sabasebenzi armored yenethiwekhi.

Umzimba aft ukukhwezwa 203 mm isibhamu, esinamandla (2A44), okuyinto isisindo amathani 14.6. Ngaphezu kokuba ithuluzi elakhiwe egoqekayo, ke inenombolo ezengeziwe emisha. Ngokwesibonelo, nokwenqaba ezakhayo ukusebenzisa ukubopha nomlomo enikeziwe nomlomo ingcindezi elincane endaweni ukubala. Le isixazululo ovunyelwe nginqabe ezengeziwe Ukuvikelwa okukhethekile ukubala yesondlo. 203mm isibhamu ifakwe piston umshudo yokusebenza push-silingo wesifunda. It livaleke ngokuzenzakalela ngenxa idrayivu mechanical ngesikhathi esifanayo kungenzeka ukwenza lo msebenzi ngesandla. I ACS "pion" iphimbo balandela dosylka amagobolondo eyenziwa ngumuntu ekhethekile uchungechunge ukulayisha indlela ezisebenza ngasiphi engela isiqondiso enezingqimba futhi mpo. Le isixazululo design zizonciphisa isikhathi ashona, ngaleyo ndlela kwande ngesilinganiso eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Powertrain kanye chassis ACS

Enamandla kunazo wezikhali self ezinezinjini emhlabeni ifakwe V emise nambili diesel amandla iyunithi B-46-1, ifakwe turbocharging. amandla Engine 750 amalitha. a. Ukusebenzisa le amandla iyunithi akunika-46 ton self ezinezinjini ukhule ufike ijubane 50 km / h. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ezimele isakhiwo injini-ukudluliswa gumbi ezengeziwe udizili generator umthamo efakwe 24 amalitha. a. Ukuze uthuthukise mechanical ukudluliswa ubunye nge -gearbox wotho futhi omoya sisemoyeni wabolekwa T-72. Ngakho, iyunithi self ezinezinjini has a mechanical amandla ukudluliswa kwamaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili-speed owodwa ebhodini futhi a igiya ukunciphisa.

I chassis nhlangothi zombili zomzimba wathola amasondo eziyisikhombisa umgwaqo torsion-uhlobo ukumiswa, ifakwe ngabanye ukukhiya ukushaqeka wokubacindezela ezidayiswayo. Abaningi yezingxenye chassis lathathwa T-80. Eqinisweni, SAU chassis "Peony" kuyinto inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-T-chassis 80, ngisho amasondo ukushayela kuphambili-agibele amahhashi.

labadubuli

Imiyalelo ukulayisha okulima elenziwe ukulawula ekhethekile, igobolondo okuphakelayo Kwenziwa esebenzisa indinganiso pushcart uniaxial. Lapho eveza izibhamu ezisetshenziswa actuators mechanical electro-wokubacindezela. Ukukala wezikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi "Peony" kuyinto isibhamu isigamu ngomzuzu. Ukufakwa ihlanganisa izindlela ezilandelayo umlilo 8 isibhamu imizuzu 5; 15 isibhamu ngalinye imizuzu 10; 24 isibhamu ngalinye imizuzu 20; 30 bafika imizuzu 30 no-40 imizuliswano ngehora. Esiqwini ezingxenyeni zalo phezulu futhi ezansi kukhona hydropneumatic ukufinyela izindlela. isibhamu ukufinyela obuphelele cishe 1400 mm. Banikezwe namandla amakhulu unit, onjiniyela abahlinzeke iziqondiso ekhethekile, okuyinto etholakala engxenyeni aft zomzimba. Basuke efakwe ngqo phambi kokudubula emhlabathini, udlale indima izisekelo asizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sokukhokhwa obonakalayo kakhulu ukufinyela amandla emzimbeni aft ukukhwezwa Coulter ngogandaganda hlobo. It is elawulwa esebenzisa drive wokubacindezela. Phakathi kokudubula ngikwazi ukuqala shí enhlabathini kumuntu ka 700 mm ukujula, ngalokho lunikeze ukuzinza kakhulu self ezinezinjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ukumuncwa ukufinyela amabutho Abaklami abahlinzeke uvala gidroamortizatornyh hardpoints uhlelo ezinamasondo main abakhasi chassis zenyuka Umhlahlandlela amasondo.

Ngokusetshenziswa ephumelela kakhulu anti-ukufinyela izindlela labadubuli kwezibhamu kungase kwenziwe anhlobonhlobo engela iveni. Ngakho, ulwazi ye-engeli ovundlile kuyinto degrees 30, futhi mpo - in the ezahlukene degrees 0 kuya ku-60.

Esimeni lapho labadubuli livela phansi, ukubala ingasetshenziswa Inqola ezimbili ezinamasondo lapho amacala projectiles embondelene uhlaka ekhethekile esikhiphekayo. Ammunition wezikhali uhlelo "Peony" kuyinto 40 imizuliswano yokulayisha ehlukile. Abane kubona zigcinwa egumbini aft futhi unikeze supply eziphuthumayo, futhi bonke abanye uyiswa uhlobo imoto futhi wabeka phansi belungiselela kokudubula ACS.

izikhali

Ububanzi nezinhlamvu zesibhamu, "Peony" wehlukile kakhulu: 203-mm amagobolondo ZVOF42 ZVOF43, eziyingozi 30F43, asebenzayo-esisheshayo ZOF44 ephezulu kuqhume, ZVOF15 futhi ZVOF16 ngokushaja kwehlukana oluxube abatelekile 3-0-14. Combat "Peony" inqubo ifakwe emehlweni mechanical uhlobo D-726, i-K-collimator 1, PG-1M-panorama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona inikezwa i olwengeziwe kudivayisi sextant uhlobo OP-4M esetshenziswa umlilo lapho ngqo. Ukuze avikele abantu futhi ukufakwa ACS liyaphela futhi izikhali crew komuntu siqu: lokhu kufaka izikhali ezincane (ezine isibhamu isibhamu ukuvuleka), futhi amabhomu rocket ezinezinjini RPG-7 MANPADS "Strela-2", kanye F-1 amabhomu.

Izikhali zenuzi kanye nokuvikelwa

wezikhali Self ezinezinjini "Peony" uyakwazi iqhaza zinqobe ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali zenuzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, le ACS has iyunithi zokuhlunga, automatic Uhlelo lokuvikela umlilo, uphawu uhlelo linezingxenye okuhlalekayo bakwazi ukuvikela izisebenzi kanye ekubalweni imiphumela kwezikhali zenuzi, bacteriological namakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yona ifakwe apharathasi ucingo yangaphakathi, umsakazo kanye Umbono ebusuku amadivaysi. Ukuze isicelo-athomu kuhlasela isitha ngezibhamu self ezinezinjini "Peony" Ungasebenzisa izinhlamvu ezikhethekile nge sezikhali zenuzi. Ukusetshenziswa amagobolondo ezinjalo kungenzeka kuphela uma umyalo oda efanele ephakeme. Kulesi simo izinhlamvu kwindawo labadubuli alethwa isitoreji isikhala akhethekile evikeleke we kulandelana. missile Nuclear yakhelwe ukubhubhisa izindawo ezinkulu ikakhulukazi ingqalasizinda, izindawo zezimboni, amahlukuzo amabutho esitha, njll Ibanga ubuncane umlilo izinhlamvu ezifana kuyinto 18 km, kanye esiphezulu -. 30 km.

Self ezinezinjini wezikhali ukufakwa 2S7M "Malka"

Ngo-1983, inani KB 3 we Kirov simila siye ithuthukiswe ukufakwa "Peony". Ngenxa yalokho, imodeli olusha sasihlukile esasisandulele, rubberized izingxenye chassis, ngaphezu, chassis enziwa kusukela zokwakha zeqophelo amandla. Isakhiwo uhlelo lokulawula liyithuluzi entsha umlilo, akakwazi ukuthola ulwazi mode othomathikhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, onjiniyela baye bazama esikude ukulayisha indlela futhi kabusha ukushaja pilings. amacala okusha namandla okusezingeni eliphezulu izinhlamvu kwangena, futhi supply eziphuthumayo of izinhlamvu senyuselwa amayunithi eziyisishiyagalombili. I izinhlamvu esisha sahlanganisa rocket-basiza projectile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ACS "Malka" wasungula uhlelo lokulawula ngokomthetho wokusebenza okuqhubekayo nge uphethwe ngokuzenzekelayo isimo zonke subsystems ayisihluthulelo wezikhali iyunithi.

Ukuthuthukiswa we chassis ukuvumele ukukhulisa Motocross resource amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Ngenxa sesimanje ukufakwa ezikude ukushaja idivayisi, le nqubo isibe kungenzeka ngasiphi angle wabantu mpo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu anda ngesilinganiso eziyinkimbinkimbi (izikhathi 1.6) - 2.5 imizuliswano ngomzuzu, kanti iqembu labadubuli okuqhubekayo kwaba amahora amathathu. Okuhlukile ukulawula umlilo nge reception okuzenzakalelayo kwemininingwane avunyelwe ukuthola izixhumanisi bamatshe nge seyenziwe futhi ishaneli yomsakazo zokuxhumana izindlela bese ubonisa kubo phezu digital amadivayisi isibonisi umdubuli kambayimbayi futhi kumkhuzi walo, lapho umzila uhlelo isiqondiso ithatha amafotho ngokuzenzela ku-akhawunti ushintsho ezimweni sezulu. I izinhlamvu esisha sahlanganisa rocket-basiza projectile, siqhumisa ububanzi okwakukhona 55 km, kanye ukunemba kwawo kanye anti-tank izinhlamvu ugibelile inqama jet izinjini.

Namuhla, ACS "Peony" futhi "Malka" zinethuba ngoba sesimanje okwengeziwe, bayakwazi ukuhambisana nezikhathi zisebenzisa arsenal yayo izikhali banamuhla ngokunenzuzo, kuhlanganise izikhali Tactical futhi ngokunembile eqondiswa.

Petersburg Museum of wezikhali

Lesi sikhungo yasungulwa ngo 1703 ngomyalo uPetru njengoba igumbi - isitoreji isikhala ukwazi futhi ongasoze wezikhali amagobolondo. Lapha kusuka ezweni lonke seliqoqiwe izinto eziyigugu kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Kamuva kulo mbukiso waqala ukwengeza ezinye izinhlobo izikhali, amafulegi, imifaniswano, kuhlanganise indondo. Kamuva, ezinsukwini zika-Elizabethe, wezikhali Museum saqanjwa Igumbi ongasoze walibaleka, futhi ibekwe endlini yokusakaza. Futhi kusukela 1869 kuphela kulesi sikhungo waqala ukuphila ngenkuthalo futhi ukhule. Kulo nyaka i-Museum of wezikhali at ekuchithweni kwayo Kronwerk ingxenye yesakhiwo, lapha abekwa ukuqoqwa samasosha zomlando. Ngenkathi yamaSoviet, ngo-1963, lesi sikhungo sithola izimali we Central Historical Museum of Military Engineering, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili lihlanganisa Military Museum of Communications.

Izivakashi bamenyiwe ngijwayele izikhali amaqoqo eziyivelakancane lomhlaba amazwe 55, kusukela ngekhulu nane namuhla. Lapha ungakwazi ukubona phakathi nemibukiso isikhali siqu asebukhosini, izinduna oluvelele, amadokhumenti esiyingqayizivele, imiklomelo lempi, ukuthunga iyunifomu yamasosha, amamodeli we izinqaba nezigodlo, nokuningi. ukuvezwa Hlukanisa emelelwa wezikhali waseRussia, kuhlanganise amasampula zokuhlola Shuvalova izibhamu Nartova nabanye.

Military Historical Museum of wezikhali has enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu e amaqoqo ezweni izikhali eNtshonalanga Yurophu eminyaka xv-XVII. Ngo-2006, isikhungo wavula embukisweni entsha emlandweni ezindabeni zezempi zanoma Ephakathi, Yempucuko nasekuqaleni kwawo isikhathi yesimanje. Wezikhali Museum kuthiwa wavakashelwa kokubili abadala kanye nezingane, lapha egcekeni Kronwerk ethulwa izinhlobo zanamuhla of kwezikhali yebutho isiRashiya, ezifana missile amasu eziyinkimbinkimbi mobile phansi ezisekelwe "Topol" RS-12M InterContinental nabanye abaningi. Izivakashi ungakwazi nje ngokubona kodwa futhi uthinte nabo izandla zakho, thatha isithombe eduze ukuthandwa abasebenzi yisiboniso ezokuphepha ezweni lethu ekuhlaselweni zangaphandle. Phela, iningi abafundi babe amaziyo olukha phezulu lezi izinhlobo izikhali sengathi ACS, amathangi, armored izisebenzi zenethiwekhi, wezikhali izingcezu, okuyinto abakutholayo imidlalo ye-computer namafilimu ithelevishini. Kepha kwathi ebona kwamehlo abo, wazizwa amandla nasezembathweni zawo futhi izikhali, bonke benamandla abagcinanga nje ubungcweti lempi, kodwa futhi ukuba abaklami odale lezi imishini ezimangalisayo. Izingane kanye nabantu abadala kuyoba ezithakazelisayo ukuvakashela imikhosi kanye kabusha samasosha zomlando, futhi ukusebenza kwawo wonke amalungu Club of uthango zomlando "Silhouette", okuyinto sasesiqhutshelwa ngezizathu Museum. Ngakho ukuthi izivakashi Museum kwalibaleka okuqinisekisiwe!