Wafika ngamuphi unyaka iSoviet Union iwa, okwabangela ke

Ngaphambi kokucabangela lokho ngonyaka iSoviet Union iwa, ake uchaze kafushane izizathu ngokuwa isimo esinamandla. Ingabe "ukufa" yakhe kuhlelwe noma kwaba umphumela ukungapheleli ezifihliwe inqubomgomo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle? Iningi izindawo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ngiyitholile njengefa kusukela Russia tsarist. Tsarism wahola Inqubomgomo nolaka maqondana nomakhelwane bayo. Ngo oyiyo zanqotshwa izinxenye - Poland, Finland, emazweni aseBaltic. Kamuva, Finland nasePoland ephethwe agqashule, kodwa eminyakeni 1939-1946 eSoviet Union ukuze ujoyine ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi "i-nezifiso zabantu abasebenza ezizwe anobuhlobo 'emasimini abo komhlaba eNtshonalanga ye-Ukraine futhi Belarus, emazweni aseBaltic, Yabantu Republic of zaseTuva yadla iBessarabia Northern eBukovina.

It kungenziwa bazitshela ukuthi akuzona zonke "abasebenzi ezizwe anobuhlobo" babemagange ukuzwa kabuhlungu charm collectivization, kodwa ngoba amabutho centrifugal ngaphakathi multi-kubhayela, ngokuthi abantu baseSoviet, ikhona njalo. Kodwa lapho ngonyaka iSoviet Union iwa, futhi kungani kwaba khona-ke, hhayi, isibonelo, iminyaka engu-20 ngaphambili noma kamuva? Cishe, ende isikhathi kunenze nisondelane "isixazululo" ebamba ndawonye-Neyesithupha bezwe, kwaba isici kwezomnotho. Ikakhulukazi ke yaqhakaza ngemva kwempi. Khona-ke isimo saba nsimu enkulu eYurophu nase-Asia, likwazi ukufinyelela izilwandle kanye nemithombo yemvelo, kanye neminotho ngokugcwele noma ingxenye elawulwa we "ikamu sezenhlalo". Ungakwazi ngokuqapha bathi 50-60-yalolucwaningo Zazingobani "yokuchuma" be-USSR.

Nokho, izinto zashintsha kakhulu ngawo-1970. Raging inhlekelele yembulunga yonke futhi falling amanani kawoyela lanyakazisa umnotho ozinzile kuze kube manje futhi embule ukukhubazeka afihlekile inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle nezomnotho, okuyinto kamuva wabangela nciphisa wase-USSR. Usuku wokugoqa olusemthethweni lwezwe - 26 Disemba 1991 - ukuze kwaba umphumela we isifo Sekuyisikhathi eside uthuthuva. kwesandla sikaHulumeni iye jikelele monstrously eyodwa. Zonke Kuthiwa "in the Kremlin", ngesikhathi sessions plenary leKomiti Central we CPSU. monocentrism okunjalo ekwenzeni izinqumo kwaholela ekubeni ukunganeliseki Federal Republic, okuyinto, by the way, wamisa eMoscow.

Umnotho kwaba ngokulwa ebanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto womshini izimpahla ukuhamba izinkulungwane amakhilomitha (kakotini otshalwa e-Uzbekistan, welashelwa eSiberia, yahlanganisa eSifundazweni Sase-Ivanovo futhi izingubo abangu ithungwe emaZweni aseBaltic), futhi kube inkomba yokuthi ukuphumelela Iplani kwakungukuthi. Lezi kwahlelwa futhi kuvunywe amaziyo bakude namaqiniso ukukhiqizwa inqubomgomo. Umsebenzi ukuqaliswa esiyiminyaka emihlanu kwaholela ekwandeni emsebenzini wokukhiqiza izimpahla ezishibhile futhi eliphansi, futhi amanani ekuphathweni komphakathi umkhiqizo nakanjani kuyoholela ukusweleka. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokubheka ukuthi iSoviet Union iwa unyaka, ukunganeliseki ukuphila ngaleso "ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni athuthukile" iye kokukhulumela phezulu.

Ososayensi abaningana zezombusazwe uthi isimo esinamandla lahlukaniswa laba izicucu kuphela iwayini ngenxa namaqhinga West isicebi, ikakhulukazi e-US. Mhlawumbe abanye iqiniso kule, kukhona izingobe zenzeka. Kodwa cabanga onobunye, lapho ukuthula nothando nokubusa. Kungenzeka yini ukuba umuntu abangele owakwakhe sesehlukaniso esingavumela ukutshela omunye wabo ukuthi, isibonelo, kwelinye abantu umkhaya uphile kangcono? ukucwaninga okuqinile, yensimbi kwesihenqo, yokucindezelwa okukhulu of ephikisayo anda amabutho centrifugal kuphela emphakathini. Izwe umkhankaso nangomcibisholo emkhathini futhi ithunyelwe zosizo Afrika kanye Cuba, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo izakhamuzi abalambayo ezweni elikhulu akakwazanga ukuthenga iphakethe ibhotela. Akunandaba ukuthi ngonyaka iSoviet Union iwa ngokuphelele, kubalulekile ukuthi waqala ukuba ngivule ekupheleni '70s.

Impi e-Afghanistan, inqubomgomo ngobugwala neziphathimandla ababezama ukufihla yengozi eChernobyl amandla enuzi, nje uqede inqubo. A sondo ngemilenze ubumba ngiyaquleka. Kabusha oqale kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukuvimbela lokhu kuwa. Eqinisweni, ngo-December 1991, lapho iSoviet Union iwa, nelilodwa izwe yayingekho, futhi kwakukhona 15 izifunda ladwengulwa ukuphikisana ayo nezinkinga.