Uyini Psychology umehluko?

Psychology Ukwahlukaniswa - kungcono ingxenye isayensi okhuluma ukuhlonza nokutadisha umehluko zengqondo umuntu futhi eqenjini elithile labantu. Njengomthetho, uphenyo igxile ukubonakaliswa ngokwengqondo abantu okuqondene zobudala obuhlukene, zobuzwe namaqembu omphakathi.

Nakuba Psychology umehluko njengenhlangano isayensi ezimele labelwa muva nje, kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokokuqala ngqá ukuba athathe ihlandla enjalo yayisetshenziswa ngo-1900, lapho Stern athuthukile umqondo ukuthi ichaza futhi uchaza umehluko phakathi kwabantu kanye namaqembu.

Lokhu legatsha isayensi izisethile imisebenzi ezimbili eziyinhloko. Okokuqala, ngokuhamba we ososayensi bezama ukuthola ukuthi umehluko ngabanye ucwaningo. Okwesibili, ngaphambi zokusebenza kwengqondo, ababhekana nomsebenzi onzima ukuchaza ukuthi kungani kwenzeka, nemvelaphi.

Psychology Ukwahlukaniswa futhi umsebenzi Galton. Njengoba umsebenzi usosayensi, ungakwazi ukuqonda ezinye izici umehluko kwengqondo. Phakathi ucwaningo lakhe, iningi abezenhlalakahle, ayethanda ekutadisheni izici jikelele lwesintu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, UGalton wayenesithakazelo izici ngabanye lomuntu ngamunye kanye nokwenzeka ufuzo yabo. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi kwavela umbono wokuthi amakhono engqondweni nasemzimbeni, ngekhono nangamazwi ezinye angajwayelekile amakhono umuntu idluliselwa ngofuzo izihlobo.

Yingakho uMose ayiqamba uzifunde ngokucophelela iziguli zakhe, iphuzu kokubili buyinkimbinkimbi umbono. Isibonelo, ihlola ezingeni kwemisipha ithoni, sizimisele embundwini eliphezulu ukuzwa ukuzwela, njll Khona-ke, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile yasungulwa - isihloko uyabuzwa ukudala umfanekiso othile engqondweni, bese ezinemininingwane ukuchaza zonke izici. UGalton naye wafundelwa ezinye izimfanelo ngamunye yesithombe, kanye ukuqhathanisa imiphumela ukuhlola okuthile kwezihlobo eziseduze, ezifana ekutholeni izinga okufana ngaso izithombe kusukela abafowethu nodadewethu.

Kwakuwusuku okokuqala wathumela lwemibuzo lesifinyetiwe bonke ososayensi of England, ukunquma izinga labo intelligence ukukhomba izici ukucabanga.

Psychology Ukwahlukaniswa nezindlela zayo. Njengoba kunjalo kubo bonke abanye isayensi, izazi zesayensi zisebenzisa ezihlukahlukene izindlela zocwaningo. Abakwazi ahlukaniswe abe amaqembu ehlukene.

Uma sithatha ku ukucabangela uhlobo asetshenziswe ucwaningo nakho, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa:

• indlela Introspective - imiphumela zisekelwe idatha isipiliyoni luyingxenye subjective;
• izindlela Ekstraspektivnye - basebenzisa Imiphumela luyingxenye inhloso ukuthi lingalinganiswa ngokunembile;

It has a incazelo umthelela kanye nobukhulu bale umsebenzi into ngaphansi cwaningo:

• Okubukwa - indlela lesilinganiselwa uphenyo;
• Isilingo - kahle wacabanga futhi indlela esebenzayo;

Ucabangela ezingeni generality. Kulokhu, izindlela zihlukaniswe zibe:

• Idiographic - gxila into eyodwa, Psychology yayo futhi psychographics;
• Nomothetic - uholwe idatha jikelele;

Lezi izindlela zocwaningo esetshenziswa isayensi kwengqondo e cishe kunoma iyiphi cwaningo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, wamukele ngokwemibandela ukwehlukana izindlela kwengqondo umehluko:

• isayensi jikelele;
• zomlando;
• ngokwengqondo;
• psychogenetic;

Yiqiniso, umehluko Psychology linezinkinga zalo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma abanye umuntu othile ngabanye ngempela, noma kakhulu kuyaqabukela, umcwaningi othile wase ngombono wakhe akunakwenzeka ukuba bakwazi ukuqonda kubo.

Kuze kube manje, uMnyango Psychology at esiteji ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha. Phela, sitadisha abantu abahlukahlukene ukuthi, abamele ubulili ezahlukene, izizwe amakilasi, ubudala, njll Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nobudlelwano phakathi izifundo. Konke lokhu kudala ithuba elikhulu elisha okutholakele, ucwaningo nentuthuko izindlela ukuqeda izinkinga ezingokwengqondo.