Igabha incazelo umjikelezo, izimiso, kanye nezibonelo kahle

umjikelezo Kolb ubizwa ngokuthi omunye onobuhle ezisetshenziswa ohlelweni lokufunda abantu abadala (ukuqeqeshwa, izifundo, izikole). Igama uDavide Kolb, onguchwepheshe ezicini ngokwengqondo ukuqeqeshwa, waba sibonga kusebenta kahle kanye nekuphumelela imodeli akhiwa embonakalisile.

I theory ngesisekelo izindlela

D. Kolb wayekholelwa ukuthi ukufunda njengendlela nqubo umjikelezo noma uhlobo Kuvunguza, futhi izingxenye zalo eziyinhloko okuthiwa ekuqongeleleni yokuzizwela mathupha ne amakhanda ngokwengeziwe futhi ukucabangisisa, ngenxa yalokho, isenzo.

Izinyathelo ukuthi umfundi uphasisa abantu inqubo Kolb:

1. ezingeni Basic: khona umuntu oqondile, isipiliyoni ethize kule ndaba, okuyinto afuna ukufunda.
2. Isinyathelo kuveza noma kokuma engqondo: lapha umfundi kufanele ucabangele futhi sihlaziye ulwazi ukuthi anazo.
3. Inqubo nesenzakalo umqondo abstract noma imodeli: isinyathelo generalizing ulwazi etholakale (isipiliyoni) nokulumbaniswa imodeli. Ngokusho isibani uhlelo, kulokhu lizilolonga noma ukuqeqeshwa senzelwe imicondvo, ukwakha ubudlelwano nokungeza ulwazi olusha mayelana nendlela izinto ukusebenza (mayelana nemithetho emkhakheni yokutadisha).
4. Nakwele ucwaningo asebenzayo: element sokugcina isigaba iba uhlole indlela imodeli ehlongozwayo noma umqondo osebenza ku ezimweni ezithile. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mfundi kwakheka isipiliyoni entsha ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho kungenzeka ukuba bagcine Ukuvalwa ring.

umjikelezo Kolb sika: izinzuzo kanye onobuhle isicelo

I echazwe ndlela yokufundisa ubhekwa ngempumelelo kakhulu futhi uyisithelo esiyisimanga. Kuyini ezithakazelisayo wukuthi Kolb imodeli angaxhumana cishe wonke umuntu, ngoba kusekelwe kulokho umfundi asekwazi kakade. Yingakho ukusebenzisa kwayo iphumelela kakhulu.

Le ndlela systematization practice lochwepheshe nolwazi zezemfundo kanye namakhono esetshenziswa izinkampani ezinkulu emhlabeni wonke. Kolb umjikelezo esetshenziselwa ukukhula siqu noma othisha izifundo zokuqeqesha by abaqeqeshi, ngokuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi basebenzise amakhono abo ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka, kanye ukwenza kusebenze izici ezifihliwe futhi amakhono.

Izici ezithile nekufundziswa izilaleli omdala

Ngokungafani pedagogy ukuthi uyazicabangela imininingwane kwengqondo yengane ngokuya yokufunda, andragogy - isayensi indlela othisha abaqeqeshi kufanele asebenze nabantu abadala. Kolb umjikelezo kuhilela ukusetshenziswa izimiso eziyisisekelo andragogy.

Honours "umfundi omdala" iba khona ugqozi nokuqhubekayo ukuze bayoqeqeshwa, lokufundisa kanye nokuthuthukisa kwawena. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba abantu abaningi abasebenza noma osomabhizinisi azi kahle ukuthi uhlelo olusha kuyokusiza ukuba uthole kahle kakhulu izixazululo zezinkinga nokomuntu siqu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokho okwamehlela yayo, umuntu onjalo kuyazuzisa yini kumelwe bathembeke kubo ngokwabo kodwa futhi kwamanye amalungu eqembu. Ukuxhumana kanye exchange of ulwazi kuthuthukisa isipiliyoni ngamunye wabo.

Umlandeli D. Kolb imodeli nokwenza

Ziyasatshalalaiswa Kolb umjikelezo lakhiwe futhi elicwengisiswe IsiSwidi ukuqeqeshwa Uchwepheshe Klas Mellanderom. umjikelezo wakhe ihlukile kancane, futhi kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezifana:

• Isisusa (degree of ezifweni kanye ukulungela ngokwengqondo).
• Imininingwane (ulwazi lwezemfundo kusukela amaqiniso eguquliwe nedatha etholakalayo).
• Ukucubungula (ukuguqulwa kolwazi ku ukuqonda nesipiliyoni).
• Generation ezikhumulweni (ukuqaphela kabusha nobungoti ulwazi).
• Ukusebenzisa (ngokoqobo kolwazi, amakhono nesimo sengqondo kumiswa).
• impendulo isici (kokuhlaziywa kwemiphumela, nokwenza kwabo nezindlela ezintsha zokucabanga).

Le modeli uyazinaka xaxa inqubo zokuguqula ulwazi etholakala ukutadisha womfundisi noma umqeqeshi amakhono ezizosetshenziselwa ngokuphindaphindiwe esikhathini esizayo.

Isibani emjikelezweni ukuqeqeshwa: isakhiwo amakilasi

Model, okuvumela ukuba kufundiswe ngempumelelo abadala ithole isicelo emkhakheni kwabasebenzi nokuphathwa. izifundo zokuqeqesha Iningi okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa izinga ziqu noma ukuqeqesha labo amakhono amasha, yakheke ngendlela elandelayo:

1. 10% ubude inqubo yokufunda: ekukhombeni ugqozi samanje, ukubaluleka agumenti inkambo (actualization rate). Lolu hlobo entry kuvumela abafundi abanentshisekelo ukuba adzimelele isihloko ukuqeqeshwa, kanye kubonise isidingo noma obekuxoxwa. Kahle eyenziwa Esigabeni sokuqala kakhulu inquma impumelelo imfundo bebonke. Motivation zingase zimiswe ngosizo leyinye phezu problematization, ubiza izivivinyo, abahlanganyeli ibonisa ukuthi awunawo amakhono kanye nesipiliyoni okudingekayo ezimweni ezithile. Lena ithuluzi ebalulekile enikeza umjikelezo Kolb. Izibonelo zibandakanya lokhu okulandelayo: ukuqeqeshwa yokuxhumana ibhizinisi futhi ukuxoxisana Umqeqeshi ngenhloso avuse isimo ukungqubuzana phakathi abahlanganyeli, ebabonisa indlela ephelele amakhono abo okukhulumisana kanye nekhono ukuhlaziya non-ngamazwi tinkhomba interlocutor.
2. 20% ukuqeqeshwa: yokuqinisa inqubo ukuphindaphinda lokho isivele wafunda eklasini. Le ngxenye ukuqeqeshwa ivumela izilaleli ukwakha uhambisane namakhono okunengqondo isakhiwo kolwazi akusenjalo.
3. 50% inqubo yemfundo: ukulethwa kanye nokuchazwa ulwazi olusha. Lesi sigaba kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu, njengoba abafundi bathole entsha amakhono, ulwazi kanye namasu ezokwenza ezidingekayo ukufeza imigomo ebekwe ekuqaleni ukuqeqeshwa okufanele.
4. 10% of the time: kuhlatiya umsebenti. Lapha umqeqeshi Kuhlola degree kanye ukuphelela ulwazi aluthola abahlanganyeli. Ngo inqubo nokuhlola uthisha kufanele sisekelwe eenkambisweni ngokucacile, ukungathathi ihlangothi kanye umnqopho. Kuphela ngale ndlela uyokwazi sikhuthaze nokuhlola izilaleli ukuqhuba izifundo. Izilinganiso akudingeki ukubeka Umqeqeshi, ingenza umfundi ngamunye noma ithimba.
5. 10% of the ukuqeqeshwa: iziphetho. Lena esigabeni lapho Umqeqeshi ithola imininingwane ezintweni abafundi (impendulo, ukuphawula, iziphakamiso ukuthuthukisa inqubo yemfundo). Umsebenzi wokugcina we uthisha kungenziwa ngokuthi ukwakheka ugqozi izilaleli sokucwaninga ezimele into.

Ukujwayela imodeli yokufundisa izingane

Ukuze usebenzise lesi imodeli, abafundi kumele babe zingancane wemakhono, kunoma yimuphi umkhakha futhi unesifiso ukuthuthukisa kubo. Njengoba izingane ngokuvamile afundisa "kusukela ekuqaleni" e inqubo pedagogy kanini esetshenziswa Kolb umjikelezo. Isibonelo for enkulisa kungenzeka kanje:

1. Kuboniswa yezandla amahle ngebumba.
2. Phikisa yokuthi izingane bayakwazi ukwenzani ngalolu impahla.
3. Ukuvezwa womshini algorithm yezandla.
4. Ukuqhathanisa imisebenzi, kokuhlaziywa yabo.
5. Imibuzo uthisha ukuthi izingane uyithandile.

Izingozi eziyinhloko ezibhekene abaqeqeshi kanye nabafundisi usebenzisa umjikelezo Kolb BakaJehova, kuba ingozi eliphezulu demotivating futhi kuncishiswe amathuba self-abasebenzi noma abafundi (uma aluthola ngesikhathi isipiliyoni Yiqiniso ngokungagwegwesi akuphumelelanga). Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umqeqeshi kumele abe nesineke ngempela futhi baqaphe. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, kufanele wazi imithetho ukugxekwa ukuqapha impendulo.