Alexithymia - lokhu ... alexithymia njengoba inkinga ngokwengqondo

Cabanga kunzima ukuchaza imizwa yakhe lapho ebukela kwelanga ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho umuntu enempilo kakhulu, ukuhogela izimbali entwasahlobo, ukuzwa umsindo imvula phezu kophahla. Yini ukhuluma kakade mayelana alexithymia nesineke, okuyinto ngokuphelele akakwazi ukunika ifomu ngomlomo imizwa yabo kanye nakho.

Ingqikithi yalo eside

Alexithymia - kuyinto ukungakwazi ukuveza imizwelo ngamazwi, sithathe amazwi kudingekile ukuwudlulisela interlocutor yakhe yonke uhla emizweni yangaphakathi. Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zithi leli akusona isifo. Cishe, kungenzeka alexithymia ngokuthi izici ngazinye psyche ngabanye, a syndrome noma inkinga ngokomqondo, nokwagcina akuhlangene abanokukhubazeka bokusungula. Umuntu kube ukuhlakanipha, isibonelo, isazi sesayensi esidumile noma umcwaningi, kodwa ungalokothi awusho ukuthi wazizwa kanjani ngesikhathi ebuka melodrama izinyembezi.

Selokhu 70 sika uchwepheshe eyaziwa leminyaka elidlule uPetru Sifneos ukubukela iziguli ezinokuphazamiseka ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo, ngowokuqala ukusebenzisa igama elithi "alexithymia". Kuyinto kwengqondo kusho ukuthi isiguli owenza noma akazi ukuthi ukuchaza imizwa yami, noma ingabe olungalungile, okungalungile, laconically. Peter Sifneos wagomela ukuthi abantu abanjalo bantule umcabango, ngezinye izikhathi abazi ukuhlukanisa umehluko phakathi yangaphakathi komzimba emizweni nemizwelo, abakwazi ukuqonda imizwa yomunye umuntu. Lezi zici ziboniswa ngesikhathi esifanayo noma omunye wabo owandile.

ukusabalala

Bangaki abantu wamshaya alexithymia? Lona umbuzo kunzima, impendulo yalowo akukakabi khona, akukho njalo abantu bafune usizo abezenhlalakahle, ngaphandle esimweni sayo sendalo kanye zemvelo. Ngokwezibalo idatha yakamuva, lesi sifo kwenzeka 5-25% labantu emhlabeni. kwehlukana oqinile izibalo futhi ngenxa yokuthi ongoti zisebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlola ukuze ukuthola ubukhona nalesi sifo nokuthi degree yayo.

Kulokhu, odokotela bengqondo bathi alexithymia ayilona insensitivity ephelele. Laba bantu, kanye nempilo, ungakhathazeki, ukuthi nje bakuthola kunzima ukuveza imizwa engaphakathi ngamazwi. Ukushoda we ukubonakaliswa sangaphandle Imiphumela yabo ukusabela komzimba-vegetative: imizwa, bengafumananga ukuthi bangabajezisa indlela yokuphuma, ukuyiveza, siguqulelwa kokugula zengqondo. Nokho, uma lo muntu has Autism, ukuhlobana phakathi intelligence izinzwa kungaba ophazamisekile ngokuphelele futhi akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, kulezi ziguli bacabanga ukuthi igama eliyisenzo elithi "uzizwe" futhi "acabange" - omqondofana.

ukuma

Ukutadisha alexithymia - umsebenzi obalulekile ngoba odokotela bengqondo yesimanje. Kuze kube manje, ezinye izici zokukhula sifo akuzona kucacile futhi nhlobo. Naphezu kwalokhu, ochwepheshe bakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili ukuhlukumeza: zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Ngamunye wabo yinto ehlukile futhi ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle. alexithymia Primary ungathola ngenxa yokuzalwa ukuhlukumezeka. kuphindze kutfutfukise likhono ngenxa iziyaluyalu e utero ukwakheka kobuchopho umbungu. Kubonakaliswa zisencane. Lapho iqaphela kukhona okungahambi kahle, abazali kufanele uthintane isazi sezinzwa.

alexithymia Secondary - umphumela ukuhlukumezeka, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi zihambisana ubuchopho ukungasebenzi neziyaluyalu zezinzwa. Kungaba ukubonakaliswa ukucindezeleka ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele sifo, nokukhathazeka anda noma ukucindezeleka ezifihliwe. On ukuthuthukiswa kuthinta ngokuyinhloko bekhulisa okungalungile: overprotection noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokuntula usizo oluyisisekelo abazali. Primary cishe is hhayi ziphathwe, secondary Ungasingatha.

izizathu

Alexithymia njengoba inkinga ngokwengqondo has imithombo eyinhloko. Bona bangabezwe; inhlabathi evundile lapho likhula syndrome. Ubunzima ukufinyelela inkulumo ngomlomo igwebu wachaza abacwaningi eziningi ziye zakhomba izizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukunqwabelana lokucindezela, iqondiswe ohlelweni sezinzwa, okuyinto unesibopho umuzwa ukuze cortex cerebral.
• Ukwephula ukuxhumana phakathi ama- kwesokunxele nakwesokudla: owokuqala bangase bangaqapheli amasignali nokuhlangenwe nakho akhiqizwa yesibili.
• Okushintshwe ngocansi zamehlo isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.

Umqondo alexithymia, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kusikisela ukuthi kuphakama ukungezwani okwaba khona ngenxa indlela abantu abakhuliswe ngayo okungafanele. Ingane bangase balahlekelwe ikhono ukuveza imizwa ngoba kwenkolelo engaguqukiyo ozibekile, isibonelo, "amadoda ungakhali" noma "ukuveza imizwa e zomphakathi akalungile." Abanye ososayensi futhi bayavuma: alexithymia kungenzeka kube umphumela wathola ukulimala ekhanda - ukulimala le callosum Corpus, okuyinto unomthwalo ubudlelwane phakathi ama-.

ukubonakaliswa

Alexithymia - lena Psychology ukwephulwa imisebenzi womuntu ngokomzwelo. Kule ndaba, ubunjalo abantu abanjalo inezici ezithile ezikhethekile:

1. Izinkinga zokuxhumana, lapho abantu njalo ngamazwi imizwa yazo, chaza isimo esithile kwengqondo.
2. Ukuthambekela isizungu. Ebona ukuthi wayehluleka akuyona njengawo wonke umuntu, umuntu ngokuvamile umonyukela yena, uqala ukugwema ukuzihlanganisa.
3. umcabango Limited. Abantu abanjalo azivamile abaculi, abaculi noma abaklami. Ziyakwazi ikhono lingekho ngokuphelele umsebenzi wokudala.
4. Ukungakwazi ukubona amaphupho egqamile futhi ezimibalabala.
5. Ukuba ukucabanga okuhle okunengqondo, ukuthambekela synthesis kanye nokuhlaziywa sinekhono debriefing.
6. Ukuphikisa umuzwa.

Uma umuntu ehlushwa aleksimiey, umcele lokho anomuzwa wokuthi ngaleso sikhathi, ungezwa lezo zimpendulo, "abandayo", "ubuhlungu 'noma" ungakhululekile ". Abantu abanjalo njalo ukudida imizwelo nge komzimba emizweni.

imodeli

Lapho umuntu sitholakale alexithymia, okusho ukuthi zingase zimiswe kuhambisana iziyaluyalu zengqondo. Babhekisela ezimbili onobuhle yokuziphatha: nokunqatshelwa futhi lihlaselwa ukweswela njengokungathi. Eyokuqala ihilela okusithiyayo enamandla kuthinta evumela ukuthi kungenzeka reversibility syndrome. Nakuba ukwephulwa iziguli eziningi awushintsheki futhi ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngisho yokwelapha eside. Laba bantu namanje ukuphila ngaphandle umcabango nemizwelo. imodeli kusilela - zinkulu ngokwanele. Abantu abakhetha ke, hhayi ngokuphelele elingenalo imizwa, kodwa ezinye zazo, noma lapho beveza imizwa yabo, kodwa ifomu akuphelele, hhayi kuze kube sekupheleni. Ngezinye izikhathi baze bakwazi ukucabanga futhi udale.

Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo ziye ekugcineni wanquma ukuthi alexithymia isimo nesimo noma isho ubuntu isici esitebeleni. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukwephulwa sobala phakathi imisebenzi ethile kuphela, ezifana e inqubo yokuxhumana ne Umphikisi. Ngisele ngedwa, umuntu onjalo uyakwazi ngempela ukuveza imizwa yabo futhi nemizwelo.

yezinkinga

Izinkinga eziningi ezingeni lendawo ohlala kuyo alexithymia: isilonda, dermatitis, kolwelwesi, nesifo, isifuba somoya, umfutho ophakeme wegazi, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, migraine, nokunye. imizwa engavezwanga ngamazwi kopyatsya ngaphakathi ukwazi kancane kancane ukuthola nibonakala ku somzimba: muntu siyabhubha ngemuva kwama-hormone, kukhona ukungasebenzi kwezitho izinhlelo, okuyinto iba imbangela izifo ngenhla.

Omunye umphumela alexithymia kukhona Kilos extra ngisho ukukhuluphala ezinzima. Ngokusho ucwaningo oluningana, ukungakwazi ukuveza imizwa siguqulwe ngokushesha ku ukudla, ukudla okungajwayelekile, ukushintsha okuthandwa Culinary esivuna izinga engagculisi nemikhiqizo elimazayo. Kulokhu, ukwelapha lesi sifo on isizinda isisindo okweqile ngokuvamile kuyinselele odokotela. Ukuze Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, futhi zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa alexithymia ngokuhlanganyela ukuluthwa ngabanye ukuba umlutha wotshwala noma izidakamizwa.

ukuhlola

Alexithymia ngokuvamile kudidaniswe nezinye ukusabela kabi ngokwengqondo: ukucindezeleka, nokungathuthuki engqondweni yethu noma sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe futhi professional kuyinto efanele kakhulu esikhathini sethu. Kuyasiza ukucacisa khona lesi sifo ka alexithymia isikali akhiwa nososayensi waseMelika Taylor. Lwemibuzo yahunyushwa futhi kwaguqulwa Petersburg Ochwepheshe kusukela Vladimir Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute. Ngosizo iziguli ezingaphezu kwekhulu Kwahlolisiswa, lapho kwase kunesiqiniseko ukuthi iziguli cerebral hemispheric asymmetry umbono bole okungekuhle ngokuya ukwelashwa.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngosizo omunye esikalini - Schelling-Sifneos. Odokotela zisebenzisa imibuzo John Krystal, futhi amasu projective, ngoba abantu abanjalo abanalo umcabango, ngakho izimpendulo zabo, kanye nendinganiso yohlobo olufanayo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, ukusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa ngezinjongo zokwelapha kunzima, ngoba azikho idatha normative. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela abanayo isikhathi esanele ukuhlola, kanye ayinamaphutsa ukuhumusha imiphumela yabo.

ukwelashwa

Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, kunzima ukunikeza therapy alexithymia eyinhloko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lesibili, okuyinto is phetho nakho ebuntwaneni lingahle lixazulule ngosizo izindlela zesimanje kwethonya ukwazi yomuntu. Lapho umuntu ukuthi sine- alexithymia, impatho isiqalisile nge ukwelashwa kwengqondo ezivamile. Osetshenziswayo futhi Gestalt yokwelapha psychodynamic Ushintshe inqubo art therapy ne ingqondo. Umgomo oyinhloko - ukufundisa isiguli ukuveza imizwa yabo futhi nemizwelo.

ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa umcabango, esiza bandise izinkulumo ngokomzwelo. Ngokuphathelene nemithi, ososayensi abakazi esiphethweni esifanayo: zisiza noma cha. Ezinye izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo uthi nomphumela omuhle ukusetshenziswa zinhlungu ebukhoneni iziyaluyalu psychopathological ezifana uvalo kuhlasela. Kunoma ikuphi, odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi ukwelashwa kufanele kube eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo indima enkulu idlalwa kanye nabathandekayo abantu isiguli phumani niye kumhlangabeza kuye, siza zembula izwe kwangaphakathi kothandekayo, ukuxosha ukugeleza ukuyiveza ezifihliwe yayo imizwa.