Uyini hydrosphere

Uyini hydrosphere (amanzi noma igobolondo) kwezisekelo zomhlaba? Leli gama libizwa Geospheres omunye iplanethi yethu, okuyinto isethi okutholaka kuzo zonke izikhathi H ₂ O - okuqinile, uketshezi kanye negesi equkethwe emhlabeni.

Umthamo wamanzi akhona eplanethini yethu iyinombolo omkhulu - abangaphezu kwengxenye cubic amakhilomitha. Kulawa, share sengonyama (ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha per cent) ye-akhawunti amanzi anosawoti olwandle. Esigxotsheni izinguzunga zeqhwa ebusweni namanzi akhawunti cishe amabili amaphesenti, futhi bembalwa kakhulu (ingxenyenamba iphesenti) - ukuthi umswakama eziqukethwe emkhathini nomhwamuko (amafu yemvelo kanye nomswakama).

Ukuze ngokuphelele ukuqonda lokho hydrosphere, futhi yini luba nomthelela ezimpilweni zabantu, kufanele sihlole kabanzi izinqubo ezenzeka emhlabeni (kwasekuqaleni, isimo sezulu), lapho khona uhlanganyela. Okokuqala, ukuthi amanzi unekhono "buthelela" efudumele. Yingakho selitulu ezindaweni ezakhelene ezilwandle, izilwandle, noma amadamu zimane zinkulu, anezinye umehluko kusuka sezulu endaweni, elele kuleli zwekazi endaweni ekuyi-latitude efanayo. Kukhona lwati lwa "imvelo yasolwandle", "isimo sezulu yezwekazi". Elikhulu uquqaba amanzi ukufuthelana phakathi nenkathi efudumele ke kancane ukunikeza ukushisa ekuthole, ukuze ebusika ogwini ezwekazini ethambile kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngemva ostyvshaya ebusika amanzi kwenza ezipholile ehlobo.

Ngaphezu umbuzo lokho hydrosphere, isihloko uzobe abazinikele cryosphere okuthiwa, noma "yasesigangeni yamakhaza" - ngesiGreki. Cryosphere - wukuthi ingxenye hydrosphere, equkethe wamanzi njengoba kudlula i okuqinile. Kuhlanganisa hhayi kuphela zeqhwa (entabeni noma sogu lolwandle), kodwa isembozo iqhwa, sesizini ice lingaphandle amadamu, kanye eyiqhwa. Ngakho cryosphere alinaso imingcele ecacile, kanye endaweni yayo nendawo kuyohlukahluka ngezikhathi ezahlukene.

Ulwelwesi amanzi ngokuvumelana izazi eziningi, wazalwa ukuphila ofayo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile kithi hydrosphere. Ukwakheka kwalo kanye nesakhiwo esikhathini zomlando usebhekene izinguquko ezithile. Lezi zihlanganisa ekushintshashintsheni ezingeni komhlaba, a nokuwa e kolwandle, isimo sezulu aridity futhi gumidizatsiya ezindaweni ezinkulu. Ngokomlando yafakazela ukuthi ezingeni yoLwandle iCaspian Ephakathi kwaba ephansi kakhulu esamanje, futhi kukho kwakukhona iziqhingi eziningi. Ngesinye kuzo zonke lezi ziqhingi ngithole kokufa kwakhe ezibhuqiwe Shah uGenghis Khan ka Khorezm. Lo mcimbi eqoshiwe encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla.

Kodwa hhayi kuphela amanzi igobolondo Zomhlaba kuthinta ukuphila komuntu zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili zaqala ukuhlasela, kwathi ngokuya ikhula reverse inqubo. nomthelela wezenzo zabantu hydrosphere akuyona kuphela nokungcoliswa komhlaba noma olwandle emanzini. imisebenzi yezomnotho zabantu kuye kwaholela yokuthi nezinga lokushisa kule planethi yethu kancane anda, okwaholela incibilikiswa kwezinguzunga zeqhwa okwakungokokuqala ngqá. I snows of Kilimanjaro, awunika igama lokuthi umsebenzi engafiyo Hemingway, ekhulwini lamashumi amabili abalahlekelwe ayisishiyagalombili nambili (!) Amaphesenti endaweni, futhi le nqubo iyaqhubeka. It uya kokulahlekelwa esembozweni sawo futhi Mont Blanc (French - White Intaba).

Ngakho, liyini hydrosphere, ukubunjwa yayo futhi umthelela womuntu, thina ucishe alungise. Umbuzo uyasala - Ingabe imisebenzi womuntu nomthelela ongemuhle hydrosphere? Kungase, ngempela, olufanele Hollywood inhlekelele amabhayisikobho, lapho bonke zamaqhwa ancibilike kanye Umhlaba wembozwe ulwandlekazi? Izazi eziningi musa shesha nge impendulo ecacile, ucabangela ukuthi isinqumo sokugcina idatha kancane kakhulu. Ekushintshashintsheni Ngokwesilinganiso, amazinga okushisa yonyaka ikhona esikhathini esidlule, abangela ubudala ice kanye thaws. Nge imisebenzi womuntu Yiqiniso, bona akunakwenzeka ezihlobene. Cishe, izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni iplanethi yethu nendawo esikuyo ngokushesha ziye wafunda ngokwanele. Yini ngempela kwenzekani - ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, ososayensi abasebenza empambana wesayensi - komhlaba, ukufunda izinkanyezi, i-meteorology kanye nemvelo. Futhi mhlawumbe ngokushesha.