Öster - umfula enyakatho Ukraine. Ama ifotho, izincazelo, tinganekwane emvelweni emfuleni

Öster - umfula, okuyinto ezishiwo "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka". Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso isibalo esikhulu ezinganekwaneni, inganekwane futhi izindaba kumnandi. Lapho umfula uqala? Lapho ngulona logeleta? Futhi iyini isimo samanje emvelweni emfuleni?

Öster River (Chernihiv esifundeni): kawonkewonke

Umfula imayelana 200 amakhilomitha, kanye Imininingwane nakangaka endaweni - amakhilomitha square mayelana 3,000. Öster kuyinto kwatheleka Dnieper oda yesibili. Ekuhambeni kwakhe uthatha amanzi nemingenela okungenani 60 nemifudlana.

Öster - umfula ugeleza khona ngokuphelele ngaphakathi Chernigov esifundeni Ukraine. On usebe lwawo eziningi zokuhlala, enkulu kunazo zonke futhi edume kunazo okuyinto emzini Nizhyn.

Lapho kuvela nalapho umfula uthululela ku Öster? Umthombo waso eduze nedolobhana endaweni Kalchinovka Bakhmach. Ngokulandelayo, umfula ugeleza ngendlela isiqondiso ngasentshonalanga, ukweqa Dnieper elisezansi. Umlomo wamanzi kubekwe phakathi kwedolobha elifanayo Öster, afike athele kuyiMediterranean izinsini.

Öster - emfuleni nge ikakhulukazi iqhwa supply. Endaweni emlonyeni ukugeleza kwamanzi kuyaphawuleka ngempela, esibalelwa 3.2 cubic metres. m / umzuzwana. Nomthombo zilimaze emhlabeni kuqale uDisemba, futhi kuvulwe maphakathi no-March.

Öster River: izithombe futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo umlando

Öster emfuleni enhle odabula indawo esiye uhlalwe abantu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ososayensi namanje bebaphikisana ngani umsuka amagama zokuhlala. Ngokuthakazelisayo, empandeni "p" kuvamile impela endaweni-amagama esifundeni eMpumalanga Yurophu. Omunye isidingo ukhumbule kuphela imifula emikhulu njenge-Dniester, Stryi, Styr nabanye. Umcwaningi V P. Petrov kusikisela ukuthi basuke zonke ziyinzalo ka lasendulo-Sanskrit izwi sravati, okungase elihunyushwe ngokuthi "elisho" noma "ekusakazeni".

Kuningi ezinganekwaneni axhunyiwe nale emfuleni. On omunye wabo, endaweni ethile ezansi eSangweni lisesemandleni umkhumbi Roman zengcebo ezingenakubalwa lisiphatheleni. kwavela Lokhu legend ngemva abafana bendawo bathole zemali ubudala angaphandle kwi lomfula.

"Ingabe Öster kwaba imikhumbi?" - lo mbuzo uye eside haunted by mlando zendawo mlando zendawo. Ngokusho Umlando esekhona lezihambi, ekhulwini XVIII Öster kwaba njengoba ejulile njengoba Dnieper, futhi kuba mahhala imikhumbi elintantayo. Ngisho e sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni, abacwaningi bathola izinsalela izikebhe ezindala zamapulangwe, okufakazela lo mbono kuphela.

Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba Öster, cishe nguye lokuthumela. Kodwa kokungenela esebenzayo yomuntu emphilweni emfuleni isishintshe ke. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa mass kwamadamu Izigayo Öster baba engajulile, futhi lidla izindwani beqale jikisa ixhaphozi.

Öster kanye nemvelo

Lemvelo e Öster River namuhla uhlala ezingezinhle kakhulu. Ngo-July 2016 amanzi awo ingcoliswe ayingozi elahliwe ku embhedeni emfuleni ngaphakathi Nizhyn wesifunda. effluents Toxic ziye zabangela omkhulu izinhlanzi ukubulawa. River amanzi uye mnyama, futhi ugu kwezwakala iphunga okunoshukela futhi singathandeki.

Ngenxa isimo samanje Ministry Lemvelo Nemithombo Yemvelo yamemezela nokuvimbela ukubhukuda futhi okudoba Öster emfuleni. Uphiko Olukhethekile Commission wathatha amasampula amanzi futhi baqhuba chemical ukuhlaziywa. Imiphumela ledvumatako: okuqukethwe phosphate emanzini, lo ammonium nensimbi idlula kuyinsakavukela by izikhathi 3-10.

Scale yokuhlanza embhedeni Ostra eyenziwa kule minyaka eyikhulu edlule, kathathu: ngo-1930, ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili futhi ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka.

Treasure Island

Ezansi nomfula, kanti usebe lwawo bathole ngokuphindaphindiwe dinars esiliva - lasendulo zemali yamaRoma. Kuyinto lokhu okutholakele sishukunyiswe romantic ukucabanga ukuthi endaweni ethile ezansi eSangweni amanga umkhumbi omkhulu, egcwele amagugu. I uhlamvu lwemali lokugcina lwenani enjalo watholakala lapha ngo-1957, ngesikhathi ukuhlanzwa emikhulu nomfula.

Hhayi ngaphansi uyathola ezibalulekile futhi ezithakazelisayo latholakala Ostra pool. Ngakho, eduze Nezhin kukhona zemali Kievan Rus uye zangaphambi Mongol isikhathi. Leli qiniso ngisho amaphephandaba zakwamanye amazwe wabhala. Ngo-1873, eduze nedolobhana Pashkovka satholakala okuthiwa Paszkowski umcebo, ehlanganisa eziningi zemali yamaRoma. Lokhu okwatholakala waphinda ukuqinisekisile ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela esekuficile ubudlelwane kwezomnotho kanye ukuhweba esifundeni nge wonke uMbuso WaseRoma.

Nizhyn edolobheni kanye namabhuloho alo

Namuhla ngaphakathi Nezhin emfuleni Öster eyakhelwe 15 amabhuloho ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule babengamaphesenti amane kuphela, futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX - futhi ngaphandle.

Castle, eMoscow, Lyceum, Magersky, Chervonyi - konke lokhu kuyizinto amagama amabhuloho ahlukahlukene endaweni emzini Nezhin lasendulo. Futhi babenikezwa kulezi izindawo akuyona ngephutha. Castle Bridge, etholakala eduze oNgcwele Ukuvikelwa Church, ngaphambili yaziwa nangokuthi kaphalafini, njengoba kwakunjalo eduze esitolo nalokhu ukudla okubalulekile. Kodwa Lyceum ibhuloho yethiwa eMzini Lyceum eyasungulwa Prince Alexander Bezborod'ko e 1807. By endleleni, ngale isikhungo wafundiswa umbhali omkhulu Nikolai Gogol.

Kuzo zonke amabhuloho Nezhin Lyceum - ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi omdala. Yakhiwa emuva 1832 kusayithi lomuzi kwavala edamini. Gogol Young cishe ewela kaningi phezu kwawo Öster emfuleni. Eduze kwebhuloho kukhona lesikhumbuzo ukuze umbhali.

Ekuphetheni

Öster - emfuleni owawugobhoza Chernigov esifundeni Ukraine, futhi agelezela Desna. Nale hydronyms ezihlobene izindaba eziningi ezithakazelisayo, tinganekwane amaqiniso angokomlando langempela. Ehlobo lika-2016 ngaso umfula sasiyisimangaliso ingcole kakhulu amakhemikhali. Kuze kube namuhla, kwezinye izindawo it is hhayi Kunconywa ukubhukuda nenhlanzi.