Uyazi ukuthi umoya uyinhlanganisela yegesi? Ukwakhiwa kwegesi emoyeni

I-air iyimfuneko ebalulekile yokuphila kwenani eliqine kakhulu lezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu.

Ngaphandle kokudla umuntu angaphila inyanga. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, izinsuku ezintathu. Ngaphandle kwomoya - nje imizuzu embalwa nje.

Umlando wocwaningo

Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi wethu wokuphila iyinto engavamile kakhulu. I-Air ingxube yegesi. Yiziphi?

Kwaphela isikhathi eside bakholwa ukuthi umoya ungumzimba owodwa, hhayi ingxube yegesi. I-hypothesis ye-heterogeneity yavela emisebenzini yesayensi yabososayensi abaningi ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Kodwa akukho eminye imiqondo yokuqagela eyenziwe. Ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili kuphela isazi samakhemikhali saseScotland uJoseph wazama ukufakazela ukuthi ukwakheka kwegesi emoyeni akufani. Ukutholakala kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okulandelayo.

Ososayensi banamuhla baye bafakazela ukuthi umoya uyingxube yegesi, equkethe izakhi eziyishumi eziyisisekelo.

Ukwakhiwa kwehlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isayithi lokuhlushwa. Ukunqunywa kokubunjwa kwomoya kwenzeka njalo. Impilo yabantu incike kulokhu. Imoya - ingxube yamaphi amagesi?

Emagqumeni (ikakhulukazi ezintabeni) inani elincane le-oxygen. Lokhu kuhlushwa kubizwa ngokuthi "umoya omncane". Emahlathini, ngokuphambene nalokho, okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen kuyinhloko. Ezimeni, okuqukethwe kwe-carbon dioxide kwanda. Ukunqunywa kokwakhiwa kwemoya ingenye yemithwalo ebaluleke kakhulu yezinsizakalo zemvelo.

Uphi umoya ongasetshenziswa kuphi?

• I-mass compressed isetshenziswa lapho kujova umoya ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ukufakwa kwezingodo eziyishumi kufakwe kunoma yisiphi isiteshi esifaneleka ithayi. Umoya uphelelwa ngamathayi.
• Abasebenzi basebenzisa ama-jackhammers, izibhamu ze-pneumatic zokususwa / ukufakwa okusheshayo kwamantongomane nama-bolts. Imishini enjalo ibonakala ngesisindo esincane kanye nokusebenza kahle.
• Ezimbonini zisebenzisa ama-varnishes kanye nopende, umoya ocindezelekile usetshenziselwa ukusheshisa inqubo yokomisa.
• Emotweni uchitha umoya ocindezelwe umoya kusiza ekumiswe ngokushesha kwezimoto;
• Izitshalo zokukhiqiza zisebenzisa umoya ocindezelweyo lapho uhlanza amathuluzi kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungcola. Embonini yezinkuni, ngale ndlela, wonke ama-hangars angahlanzwa nge-shavings ne-sawdust.
• Imbonini ye-petrochemical ayisasetshenziselwa ngaphandle kwemishini yokudonsa ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqala.
• Ekukhiqizeni ama-oxydes nama-acids.
• Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kwezinqubo zezobuchwepheshe;
• Kusuka emoyeni, amagesi angenayo akhishwa;

Kungani sidinga umoya kumuntu ophilayo?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko womoya, noma kunalokho, enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko - umoya-mpilo - ukungenelela emangqamuzaneni, ngaleyo ndlela ibe nengxenye ezinkambisweni ze-oxidation. Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba uthola amandla okubalulekile empilweni.

I-air ingena emzimbeni ngamaphaphu, ngemva kwalokho isakazwa ngomzimba ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokujikeleza.

Umoya - ingxube yamaphi amagesi? Ake siwahlole ngokuningiliziwe.

I-nitrogen

I-Air ingumxube wegesi, owokuqala yi-nitrogen. Ingxenye yesikhombisa yesistimu yezikhathi zeDmitry Mendeleyev. Lowo owaziwa yi-chemistist waseScotland uDaniel Rutherford ngo-1772.

Iyingxenye yamaprotheni nama-acidic nucleic emzimbeni womuntu. Nakuba isabelo sawo emajenjini asiphezulu - angaphezu kwamaphesenti amathathu, igesi ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile.

Emoyeni, okuqukethwe kwayo kungaphezu kwamaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa nesishiyagalombili.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ayinayo umbala nephunga. Awuhlangani nezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali.

Inani elikhulu kakhulu le-nitrogen lisetshenziselwa imboni yamakhemikhali, ikakhulu ekukhiqizeni umquba.

I-nitrojeni isetshenziswa embonini yezokwelapha, ekwakheni amadayi, iziqhumane.

E-cosmetology, ngosizo lwegesi, i-acne, izibazi, ama-warts, nesistimu ye-thermoregulatory yomzimba baphathwa.

Ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen, i-ammonia isakhiwe, i-nitric acid ikhiqizwa.

Lapho igesi namafutha kukhishwa nge-nitrogen, ingcindezi phakathi kwezigaba igcinwa. Lapho kubhalwa imithombo emisha, igesi ivumela ukuthi uketshezi kugeleza.

Embonini yezimayini, i-nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukucima umlilo onzima. Ezimboni ze-metallurgy kanye ne-coke-chemicals - ukuqinisa izinto zokwakha kanye nokwenza ngcono i-cementation.

Embonini ye-elekthronikhi - ye-oxidation ye-semiconductors nezifunda zombane.

Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza nokuhlola amapayipi.

I-nitrogen yamanzi isetshenziselwa ukupholisa. Leli gesi liyaphonswa yi-chassis yendiza kanye namasondo ezinqola ezivamile. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen kwansuku zonke kudlula amathani ayizigidi ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa.

Igesi seligcwele ngenxa yezindawo zayo eziyingqayizivele neshibhile esincane.

Ama-cylinders ane-nitrogen - abamnyama abanezimpawu eziphuzi.

I-oksijeni

I-Air ingxube yegesi, okwesibili kuwo ngamaphesenti yi-oxygen. Isici sesishiyagalombili sesistimu ye-Mendeleyev ngezikhathi ezithile. Igesi ngaphandle kombala futhi iphunga. Ukutholakala kuthiwa kubangosayensi waseNgilandi uJoseph Priestley ngo-1774.

Emoyeni, kuthatha amaphesenti amabili nambili. Ikhona emaqenjini wezinto zonke eziphilayo, izitshalo kanye nezincane ezincane.

Umthombo wemvelaphi ngumkhathi weplanethi yethu.

Amabhizinisi aseMetallurgical asebenzisa i-oxygen ehlanzekile ukuze asuse ukungcola okulimazayo ekwakheni insimbi, kanye nokwandisa izinga lokushisa lokushisa.

Igesi lisetshenziselwa ukukhipha izinsimbi kanye nokusika kwegesi. Ama-cylinders ane-oxygen ayibhakabhaka.

Embonini yezindiza - njenge-oxidant for fuelet rocket.

Ezokwelapha - ekuhlinzekeni kwegazi, ukulwa ne-asthma ne-bronchial asthma, ngokuphazamiseka kokuphefumula, ukugula ngokweqile.

Embonini yamakhemikhali, i-oxygen isetshenziselwa uketshezi lwe-hydrocarbons ku-alcohols, acids, aldehydes, ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitric acid.

Imbonini yezinhlanzi - ukuphefumula kwamagciwane amanzi.

Kodwa ukubaluleka okukhulu kunakho konke okuphilayo. Ngosizo lwe-oksijeni, umzimba ungasebenzisa (oxidize) amaprotheni adingekayo, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate, uwaguqule amandla.

Argon

Igesi, engxenyeni yomoya, isendaweni yesithathu ebaluleke kakhulu - i-argon. Okuqukethwe akudluli amaphesenti owodwa. Kuyinto igesi engenayo ngaphandle kombala, ukunambitheka kanye nephunga. Isici sesishiyagalombili setafula lezinsuku.

Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kuthiwa yi-kemistri waseNgilandi uHenry Cavendish ngo-1785. Futhi iNkosi uLary noWilliam Ramsay bathola imiklomelo yeNobel yokufakaza ukuthi kukhona khona igesi nokuhlolwa kwalo.

Izindawo zokusebenzisa i-argon:

• Izibani ze-Incandescent;
• Ukugcwalisa isikhala phakathi kwamafasitela emafasiteleni epulasitiki;
• Isivikelo sokuzivikela ngesikhathi se-welding;
• Izinkomba zokucisha umlilo;
• Ukuhlanzwa emoyeni;
• Synthesis synthesis.

Umzimba womuntu awuzuzi izinzuzo eziningi. Emgodini omkhulu wegesi kuholela ekuqotheni.

Ama-cylinders ane-argon elimpunga noma elimnyama.

Izakhi eziyisikhombisa ezisele zingu-0.03% emoyeni.

I-carbon dioxide

I-carbon dioxide emoyeni ayinambala futhi ayinangqondo.

Yakhiwa ngenxa yokubola noma ukushisa izinto eziphilayo, ikhishwa ngesikhathi sokuphefumula nokusebenza kwezimoto nezinye izithuthi.

Emzimbeni womuntu wakhiwa ngezicubu ngenxa yezinqubo zomsebenzi obalulekile futhi uthuthwa ngokusebenzisa isimiso esibuhlungu emaphashini.

Inenani elihle, ngoba Lapho umthwalo wandisa ama-capillaries, okuvumela ukuthuthwa okukhulu kwezinto. Okuthinta kahle i-myocardium. Ikhuthaza ukukhuphuka kwamandla kanye namandla okulayisha. Isetshenziselwe ukulungisa i-hypoxia. Ubamba iqhaza kumthethonqubo wokuphefumula.

Embonini, i-carbon dioxide itholakala emikhiqizweni evuthayo, njengendlela eyenziwa ngamakhemikhali noma lapho ihlukaniswa umoya.

Uhlelo lokusebenza lubanzi kakhulu:

• Ukugcinwa kwemvelo embonini yokudla;
• I-saturation ye-Beverage;
• Izicima umlilo kanye nezinhlelo zokucisha umlilo;
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezitshalo ze-aquarium;
• Isivikelo sokuvikela welding;
• Ukusebenza kwamathini ngamagesi kagesi;
• I-Refrigerant.

I-Neon

I-Air ingumxube wegesi, okwesishiyagalolunye kwayo i-neon. Kwavulwa kamuva - ngo-1898. Igama lihunyushwe kusuka esiGrekini ngokuthi "elisha".

I-gas monatomic engenawo umbala nephunga.

Une-conductivity ephezulu kagesi. Une-shell ephelele ye-electronic. I-inerten.

Igesi ikhiqizwa ukuhlukaniswa komoya.

Isicelo:

• Isimo sokungenisa inert embonini;
• I-refrigerant ekufakweni kwe-cryogenic;
• Gcwalisa izibani zokukhishwa kwegesi. Uthole uhlelo lokusebenza olubanzi ngenxa yokukhangisa. Iningi lemidwebo enemibala lwenziwa ngosizo lwe-neon. Lapho ukukhishwa kagesi kudluliselwa, izibani zinikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
• Izibani zokukhanyisa ezinqolobaneni nasezindizeni zamabhanoyi. Kuqinisekiswe kahle emanzini amakhulu.
• Element of ingxube yomoya kubantu abasebenza ngengcindezi ephezulu.

I-Helium

I-Helium igesi le-monoatomic ngaphandle kombala nephunga.

Isicelo:

• Njenge-neon, uma udlula ukukhishwa kagesi kunika ukukhanya okukhulu.
• Embonini - ukususa ukungcola kusuka ensimbi ngesikhatsi se-smelting;
• I-Refrigerant.
• Ukugcwaliswa kwama-airship nama-balloons;
• Ngenye izingxube zokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa okujulile.
• Ukushisa okushisayo ezakhiweni zenuzi.
• Injabulo enkulu yezingane ibhaluni ezindizayo.

Ukuphila okuphilayo akusekho ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile. Ezingxenyeni eziphakeme zingabangela ubuthi.

IMethane

I-Air ingxube yegesi, okwesishiyagalolunye kwayo i-methane. Igesi ngaphandle kombala futhi iphunga. Ezingxenyeni eziphakeme, kuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, ama-odorants ayengeziwe ukuze abonise.

Isetshenziswa kakhulu kaningi njengamafutha kanye nezinto eziwusizo ekuhlanganisweni okuphilayo.

Amahoya asekhaya, amabilisi, amakholomu kagesi asebenza ngokuyinhloko emethane.

Umkhiqizo womsebenzi obalulekile wezinyunyana ezincane.

Krypton

I-Krypton igesi ye-inert ye-monatomic ngaphandle kombala nephunga.

Isicelo:

• Ekukhiqizweni kwama-lasers;
• I-oxidizer ye-rocket fuel;
• Ukugcwaliswa kwezibani ze-incandescent.

Ukuthonya emzimbeni womuntu kuye kwafundwa kancane. Uhlelo lokusebenza luye lwacwaningwa ngamanzididi ajulile.

I-Hydrogen

I-Hydrogen igesi elingenakubala elingenakubala.

Isicelo:

• Imboni yamakhemikhali yikhiqizwa i-ammonia, isepha, nama-plastiki.
• Ukugcwaliswa kwamagobolondo aphephile emkhathini.
• I-rocket fuel.
• Ukupholisa ama-generator kagesi.

Xenon

I-Xenon iyi-gesi engenambala engenabala.

Isicelo:

• Ukugcwaliswa kwezibani ze-incandescent;
• Ezinjini zezimoto zesikhala;
• Njengesi-anesthesia.

Ngoba umzimba womuntu awulimazi. Inzuzo ekhethekile ayikho.