UPliny Omncane: Biography kanye namagugu

Umlobi ongumRoma futhi sikahulumeni, uPliny Omncane idume nangakwesokhohlo salo ngemuva incwadi, futhi yobuciko zakhe. Umsebenzi wakhe yaqhakaza wokubusa uMbusi uTrajan, kanye "Golden Age," isimo lasendulo.

umndeni

Ngokuzayo umbhali uPliny Omncane wazalwa ngo '61 e inyakatho ye-Italy, emzini Como. Yena kwakungekaNkulunkulu umndeni ahlukile. Uyise wayengumGreki esemthethweni ezibalulekile owayesebenza kumasipala. Ohlangothini komama umalume wakhe uPliny Omncane kwaba Pliniy Starshy (iminyaka 22-79.). Waphinde waba umlobi. "Umlando Natural" sakhe kwakunguSathane-encyclopedia ethandwa, okuyinto yayizimisele zemvelo kanye netintfo. UPliny kushonelwa ubaba wakhe, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kwavunyelwana ngumalume wakhe, owanika umshana wakhe okungcono ngaleso imfundo isikhathi.

ukufa umalume sika

UMalume nomshana ngiye ngazibonela kuqhuma abesabekayo iVesuvius ngo yasePompeii ngo-79 AD. Pliniy Starshy ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola umlawuli wendawo yemikhumbi. Ngesizathu esithile, lapho ku umkhumbi wawusondela intabamlilo ibanga kuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba lokho kwase seyonakaliswe evala sulphur. UPliny Omncane oko abafana nesishiyagalombili kuphela. Kamuva, kwenye yezincwadi zakhe-mlando uTacitus, uyokwenza ukuchaza izimo kwenzeka le nhlekelele. izazi-mlando zanamuhla wawungeke wafunda ngemininingwane embalwa mayelana ukuqhuma mlilo iVesuvius, uma hhayi uPliny Omncane. YasePompeii waba yinhloko akhe nolwazi ayenalo esibi kunazo zonke ekuphileni.

umsebenzi

UPliny wafunda ekhaya, yena nomalume wakhe. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenza ukwakheka wezempi Virginia noRuthe, owasizalela ngesikhathi esisodwa wayesengaba ngisho kombusi, kodwa wenqaba impumuzo. Lapho uPliny ekhula, wakhetha i-career isisebenzi sikahulumeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, wathuthela eRoma, lapho afundela khona ngaleso ritorskoy esikoleni. Kakade ekupheleni yesibili onamakhono nsizwa eziyishumi eqala ukufunda izisekelo nokumela.

Ngaphansi olusemthethweni uDomitian wenza umsebenzi umxhwele. Ngu '94, waba nemantshi enkulu yengcebo lempi. Kwakuyisenzo esasibonisa isikhundla antekenteke kakhulu, okuyinto amangalelwe ababeshisekela eziningi uPliny. Kuphela ekufeni kungakabi yisikhathi kaKesari akakunikanga i die Aristocrat ngenxa yesijeziso sokubalahla zamanga.

uTrajan eseduze

Ngo '98 liqala ukubusa, lo mbusi uTrajan. Yena wayesondelene futhi obufudumele uPliny. Ngakho-ke, lo mbusi omusha aqokwe umbhali ezikhundleni zikahulumeni ezibalulekile. Ngo-100 uPliny baba inxusa, wayeseGibhithe ekolishi wabapristi augurs ngemva kweminyaka emithathu. Laba bantu ukwenza emikhosini ebalulekile yomphakathi ethathwe umphakathi yobuqaba yasendulo. Augurs ukuqagela futhi nobunkulunkulu samuntu amandla imithetho yombusi.

Nokho, naphezu inkonzo yomphakathi, uPliny ibashiye umthetho umkhuba wakhe. Wayengomunye ochwepheshe ihlonishwa kakhulu umthetho inhlokodolobha sika. Phakathi neminyaka engu-umsebenzi asebenzayo, le ndoda abaceba futhi ithole Villas abo. Kodwa akazange bayakhohlwa okukhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, edolobheni emzini Como Sekuyisikhathi eside kwadingeka ube ngumsizi wabaningi, onamandla. Kwakumelwe uPliny Omncane Guy. Umlando Omfushane yalo muntu yisibonelo Aristocrat lomchazi okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma phakathi nenkathi yokudlondlobala kwawo.

Ngo 110 uPliny unyaka kwaba ehhovisi lakhe zomphakathi zokugcina. UTrajan wammisa inxusa esifundazweni akude lase Bhethaniya, lapho ukonakala lanqoba. Umbusi Kwethenjwa ukuthi olusemthethweni zihlaba futhi ummeli uzokwazi wokuqeda lesi okubi. UPliny babehlala e-Asia Minor iminyaka emithathu futhi wafa ngonyaka 113.

ifa etemibhalo

Kusukela ifa kwezincwadi incwadi yombhali kakhulu owaziwa uPliny Omncane kuya uTrajan uMbusi. Bezingalotshwa zokuphila olusemthethweni neminyaka yokugcina, lapho ehlala e naseBhithiniya, futhi wayelokhu exhumana umbusi kuphela ngeposi. Le misebenzi yashicilelwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe futhi uyisibonelo okhazimulayo uhlobo epistolary.

Ngokusho singesihambelanayo of uPliny izizukulwane eziningi mlando bahlola ukuphila namasiko okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma ekuqa- I neyesi-II eminyaka. UMlobi olwazini esihle Latin, okwakwenza ukuloba kwakhe isicelo Ukugunda for ekutadisheni ulimi. Ezincwadini zakhe Trayanu uPliny hhayi kuphela wachaza ukuphila empumalanga, kodwa futhi eziningi inkulumo ngezombusazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuthi imiphakathi yokuqala yamaKristu, ngaleso sikhathi wayehlala umbuso njengoba elinamandla.

Njengoba uPliny wayesefuna augur isikhashana, yena kahle ababeyizazi ezindabeni zenkolo. Esikhathini eMbusweni WaseRoma, nokukhulekelwa kombusi kwakusakazwa. AmaKristu aphike, ngoba babehlukunyezwa ehlushwa iziphathimandla. UPliny emibhalweni yakhe echazwe rites abantu abahlala-semi imiphakathi.

Phakathi nokuphila umlobi uye wanyathelisa imiqulu engu ayisishiyagalolunye yezincwadi zakhe, ethunyelwe ezihlukahlukene zabantu. Ezinye zazo uPliny ekusukeleni phikisana addressees, ebabonisa art yakhe ritorskoe ayalolongwa. Ngo intshumayelo yakhe imibono, wayevame walingisa Cicero. izinhlamvu uPliny kukhona zabuna ezincwadi wamaRoma. Bona ziye zahunyushelwa Russian futhi kufakwe izincwadi enyuvesi umlando zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele ahlukahlukene.