Umsuka uwoyela, ukukhiqizwa yayo kanye nokusetshenziswa

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu amaminerali linjengamafutha. Kuyinto ketshezi oily umbala omnyama, elingelakwaJuda isigaba izinto ezingase zibambe umlilo. Umbala uwoyela ungahluka kancane ngokuya ku endaweni lapho akhishwa. Ihlangana ophuzi, onsundu, oluhlaza, cherry kanye ukubukeka ngisho esobala wezinsalela zamandulo. uwoyela iphunga ingase futhi ziyahlukahluka kuye Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, okuyindawo ehlanganisa hydrocarbon futhi ukungcola nezinye izingxube zamakhemikhali. Lezi ezinye izici ezivamile. Futhi manje kancane ngalokho umsuka uwoyela.

Esifundweni yayo kwatholakala ukuthi ukwakheka yalolu ketshezi kungathatha 350 million. Iminyaka. Lena inqubo eside. Izazi eziningi ubambe izinguqulo umsuka organic lamafutha. Lo mbono biogenic.

nencazelo yalo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ngaso enhliziyweni yale nqubo amanga izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo wahlala eminyakeni eyizigidi edlule. Indawo yabo kubhekwa amanzi, ikakhulukazi emanzini angajulile. Ngenxa yalokho nolokubhujiswa nezilwanyana ezincane zenzeka ekuqongeleleni ungqimba nge wokuqukethwe eliphezulu organic. Njengoba umsuka uwoyela - kuyinqubo eside, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi izingqimba afakwa phansi. Lapho, baye bathonya izingqimba engenhla, okubangela ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa. izinqubo kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka phakathi nalesi, ngokumelene umoya-iguqulwe kwakwakhe organic ku hydrocarbon.

Lezi hydrocarbon asezindaweni isimo ezahlukene ngokomzimba. Ezinye ayethe njo futhi eliqinile. Enye ingxenye kubo lisasesimweni liquid noma gaseous. Ngenxa yalokho yokucindezela wathuthela kuze ngokusebenzisa amatshe, okuyinto zinganqotshwa.

Uma hydrocarbon abhekene enezingxenye eliqinile, ukunyakaza iphelile. Ngakho, kukhona ukunqwabelana yabo mass. Le ndawo waba ngowami. Ngakho ubukeka organic uwoyela imvelaphi.

Uwoyela kubantu eyaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Kodwa ekuqaleni eqoqwe kuphela ebusweni. Uma uwoyela notshwala abawubonanga okuningi izithiyo komhlaba, sebebheke ngaphezulu. Ngalezo zinsuku ayengasetshenziselwa njengelisebenzayo. Amafutha ingezwe ku-isixazululo ingxube ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo ukubekwa uphawu kangcono. Futhi-ke lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela izidakamizwa ukuze ulwe nezifo zesikhumba. Ngezinga elincane ngokusetshenziswa kwamafutha njengoba uphethiloli wawenziwa.

Ngemva kokusungulwa kaphalafini isibani fuel funa liye landa kakhulu. Isizinda sale kaphalafini ezimbiwa phansi kwaba indlela eshibhe. Abantu abanentshisekelo umsuka uwoyela. Ngakho-ke waqala ukuthuthukisa embonini kawoyela.

Okokuqala Rig uwoyela waba yamba e Baku ngo-1847. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba idolobha, lapho kwakukhona imithombo eminingana.

Izindlela lamafutha isizinda ngaleso sikhathi babeqinile ezinokuthula. Kodwa ekwindla ka-1864 kwakukhona kwathatha ukudledlezela sucker induku imfashini. Kulokhu, injini umusi yasetshenziselwa ukuze abangele esiteshini imishini e senzo.

Amafutha imishini kwaphawula ukuqala ukukhiqizwa for indlela eshibhile lokhu yezimbiwa.

Amanzi eziqukethwe uwoyela lunesibalo ephakeme. Ngakho-ke, uwoyela ingaphezu amanzi. Igesi alula kakhulu kunomoya uwoyela, ngakho-ke itholakala ngenhla uwoyela. Ngo ukuthuthukiswa imithombo ngezinye izikhathi ngokuyinhloko igesi livela.

Amafutha angaba kusuke emashumini ambalwa amamitha-5 amakhilomitha ku komhlaba. Kulesi isikhawu uwoyela negesi atholakala ngezabelo ezahlukene. I ephansi izinga lokukhiqiza, igesi more.

Izindawo lapho amafutha amanga, abizwa ngokuthi izihloko.

Amafutha ingenye namaminerali abalulekile kakhulu. ukubaluleka kwalo ayikwazi overestimated. On khona uwoyela kuleli zemvelo isisetshenziswa eyinkimbinkimbi isimo incike kwato kwezomnotho.