Izakhiwo kanye kwabantu igesi yemvelo

Kuze kube yimanje, igesi ezivukayo ngokwemvelo, ungumthombo ebaluleke kakhulu amandla. Zonke ezivuthayo gaseous kusuka emhlabeni zezakhi kukhona ayinaphunga, aqukethe ukungcola eziningi ezithinta kwabantu igesi yemvelo.

igesi okunjalo akukhona evamile umuntu izinkomba ngokomzimba - ukunambitheka, umbala, iphunga, - lapho siyakwazi ukunquma ukutholakala kwabo. Noma kunjalo, bayaqhubeka 'zinezikhathi imingcele ethize, ezifana kwabantu, amandla omlilo lokushisa, ukushisa amandla omlilo of the ukwakheka, emakamu nokukhawulela ngoba okuvela ekuqhumeni ingcindezi ukuqhuma.

Phakathi izici eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni engase ishiwo igesi ukuminyana zemvelo. Lokhu value, ebalwa njengoba isilinganiso mass yesiminyaminya nezibonakaliso ifomula r = m / V yayo igesi kwabantu ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile ungaphakathi uhla kusuka 0,73 kuya 0.85 kg / M3.

igesi Izici

Misela kusukela imali, liphethe methane uhla 82-98% we isisindo Imininingwane, ngokuvamile admixtures yezinye hydrocarbon. Le gesi uphethiloli e ngezithako zawo futhi ihlanganise izinto okungezona ezivuthayo: nomoya-mpilo, isikhutha, i-nitrogen ne umhwamuko. Ngokushesha ngemva uzotshala ka subsurface igesi ebugqilini enobuthi-hydrogen sulfide, ngokuletha ezikuqukethe isisebenzi esamukelekayo 0.02 g / M3. I kwabantu enkulu Igesi yemvelo kudala Izingxube okuqukethwe nonflammable N _2, CO _2, H ₂ S hydrocarbon esindayo. Izinkomba ephansi ukunikeza ezomile methane imvelo. Ngokwendlela okwaziwa ngayo ngokuvamile ukuthi ukwanda ngobungako ngokomzimba akuhileli nokuvusa lokushisa kumiswa hydrates. Nakuba isisindo amancane bayakwazi hydrates. Ngezinye okusezingeni eliphezulu kwesigubhu kwengcindezi kwesigubhu gas kuncibilike, futhi insimu enjalo ngokuthi igesi condensate.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto izinhlobo zikaphethiloli (okuqinile, uketshezi) igesi yemvelo, ogama kwabantu kuxhomeke ngokuphelele ingoma yakhe siqu, kunenzuzo ezicini eziningana:

• cheapness - ngenxa kakhulu indlela elula kakhudlwana zokukhiqiza kanye zokuthutha;
• lapho kushiswe ingeyona umlotha nezinhlayiyana okuqinile;
• ukushisa kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu omlilo;
• asikho isidingo lokulungiselela owandulelayo blue yokubasela omlilo;
• lula kakhulu izisebenzi emsebenzini;
• ngcono kakhulu abasebenzi netinhlelo tekuhambisa indle;
• izimo lula ezishintshayo izinqubo lobuchwepheshe.

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke amacala zenzeka lapho ingcindezi igesi izitezi yendlu nezingozi kokuba lungaphezu aphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga kwabantu emoyeni mkhulu kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa imvelo ezivuthayo. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama static umfutho womoya kuyinto ziyancipha kakhulu, futhi ukucindezela igesi incipha buthaka.

Izindlela ze-wokulinganisa ukuminyana

igesi ukuminyana yemvelo kunqunywa laboratory. Ngenxa abheke ukuthi kungenzeka lobuchwepheshe nezomnotho kungase ibalwa ngalezindlela ezilandelayo:

• ngesandla;
• usebenzisa amathebula, amagrafu, imidwebo;
• usebenzisa amakhompyutha kanye izinhlelo ezenzakalelayo.

Indlela olunembile kunazo - isikhala test isampula nomzimba omncane-ngodonga ingilazi isilinda nge eminye ukukalwa ngesikali ukucacisa Ibhalansi. Kukhona futhi amadivayisi ezikhethekile alinganisa kwabantu igesi yemvelo. It densitometers izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu - vibration, pycnometrically, acoustic, hydrometric, emisebeni nabanye. Phakathi kwabo kukhona imodeli odumile kakhulu Solartron 7812 futhi Solartron 3098. Nabo labo abazokwazi ukuhlinzeka yokukala okuqhubekayo ukugeleza. Njengomthetho, lezi onobuhle asetshenziswa izinhlelo nge metering kwezentengiselwano igesi.