Ontology of Culture - imfundiso ethi ubheka nomqondo isiko zokuphila

Ontology njengoba imfundiso ekhona (nenhlalakahle) yabo

Ngo nefilosofi yesimanje lwezindaba zokuphila zisekhona eyisisekelo kunazo zonke, njengoba emisebenzini yakhe yonke zefilosofi zalotshwa ngaphambi kwalokho. Omunye izingxenye nefilosofi - ontology - imfundiso kaZiqu-ekhona yabo (ekubeni), ukunxanela kwakhe. Ngokukhathalela kufanele baqonde isigaba zefilosofi esimele iyonke, akuxhomekile ukwazi yomuntu. Genesise has izinhlobo eziningana - umphakathi, ngamunye kanye ubunjalo khona. nenhlalakahle Social - iqoqo izimiso nemithetho yizinto ezenza umphakathi ukhona futhi eba. nenhlalakahle ngamunye wuhlelo izimiso nemithetho, owawuthi ophilayo ubuntu ngabanye. Lihlanganisa emhlabeni kwangaphakathi ngayinye. Ngu ubunjalo khona kungokwalabo zonke izinto ngaphandle indoda. Ngakho-ke, i-ontology njengendlela ithiyori wokuba uyazicabangela tinhlangotsi letehlukene kuwo.

Man lizungezwe izinto eziningi, izinto, okuyinto babe izakhiwo ezahlukene. Bakha okubizwa ngokuthi izwe ngaphandle. Abantu zinezindlela ezahlukene anganikeza isithombe emhlabeni, kodwa uyavuma ukuthi ikhona ngokoqobo, kuba kwakhe.

I nomqondo wefilosofi wokuba yingoba lezinto amaningi izakhiwo ezahlukene, nomunye futhi konke okunye okukhona emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, i-ontology - imfundiso kaZiqu-ekhona yabo (ekubeni) efana uhlelo olulodwa, zonke izingxenye okuyizinto ubuhlobo obuseduze, ngaleyo ndlela ubunye, ubuqotho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emhlabeni kuyinto leyehlukene, ihlukaniswe, kodwa likwazi isakhiwo ecacile.

Singasho ukuthi ontology njengendlela ithiyori wokuba kuyinto Metaphysics wokuba, okungukuthi, okwakwaziwa ososayensi izimiso wokuba futhi isisekelo supersensible.

Yini ehlanganisiwe ngemcondvo wemasiko ontology

Ontology, njengoba kungaba njalo egatsheni ekhethekile wefilosofi, uchaza jikelele kanye nemithetho jikelele. Ikakhulukazi, it is a ontology esigatshaneni isiko (lena into ekhethekile sokuhlaziya, okuyinto akugcini umphakathi imvelo ngokoqobo, kodwa isikhala lapho nezincazelo bazalwa kokuba ngocansi nge izinhlamvu kanye nezimpawu).

isikhala Cultural ayikwazi kuchazwe, eqondiswa imithetho ekukhuleni komphakathi kanye nenhlalakahle zemvelo. Lesi sikhala libhekene izici ekhethekile ontological, ngoba umkhiqizo indalo engabantu. Isiko ingenye models zomhlaba, angasetshenziswa ukuchaza isakhiwo nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana.

Ngakho, ontology zesiko - a esigatshaneni wefilosofi ukuthi etadisha indawo esithatha isiko njengendlela mkhakha womsebenzi womuntu ezicini ezingokomoya nezingokwenyama.

Material, ezingokomoya namasiko kwezobuciko

Igama elithi "isiko" ngeke kusho ukubaluleka aggregate kokubili engokoqobo nengokomoya, nokuthi angadalwa kanjani, ikhono alondoloze bese uzisebenzisa ukwakha ukuthuthukiswa eminye besintu, ukuba akhaphele enzalweni yabo.

Kukholakala ukuthi ontology zesiko - ezibonakalayo, ngokomoya futhi kwezobuciko namasiko. Material limelela izinto zomsebenzi, izindlu, izingubo zokugqoka, izinto zokuhamba izindlela, kusho zokukhiqiza nokunye. D. Kodwa lolu hlobo isiko umelwe hhayi kuphela izinto ezithile, sifaka ulwazi, amakhono lomuntu wahlanganyela inqubo ukukhiqizwa. ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba futhi ingxenye yaleli isiko. Ngakho, ke ixhunyaniswe umsebenzi kuchumana zenguquko.

isiko Okungokomoya - kuyikhono, inkolo, imfundo, isayensi kanye ezingeni ukuqaliswa impumelelo yayo ekuphileni ukukhiqizwa, amasiko, amasiko, imikhuba imithi, izidingo nentuthuko kanye nezintshisekelo abantu impahla kanye nezindiza ezinemishini yokuthwebula ephambili ezingokomoya. Kungenzeka futhi ukufaka ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu, kanye ubuhlobo bomuntu ngokwakhe kanye nemvelo, alo ngokuhamba evamile yebhizinisi. Ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi isiko ezingokomoya esihlanganisa imisebenzi ehlukene - kuchumana, engqondweni yethu, i-value-ngamakhasimende, zenguquko.

Art isiko - ezweni yobuciko, okuyinto sici ukuxhumana nomphakathi kanye nezinye izinhlobo isiko. Lolu hlobo isiko umkhiqizo womsebenzi wobuciko. Art isiko ubuhlobo obuseduze zonke izinhlobo zobuciko. Kuhlanganisa zingxenye ezilandelayo: art ukugxekwa, ukukhiqizwa kwezobuciko, ubuciko ukugxekwa, "ukusetshenziswa" yobuciko (abalaleli, ababukeli). Lezi zingxenye akhiwa futhi yayakha eduze nendawo yayo - art.

Ngakho, ontology zesiko - kuyinto lase ifilosofi, ucabangela nezindaba ezihlobene izimiso eziyisisekelo namasiko zokuphila, ezesayensi kanye nezinkinga ezincwadini essence yayo.